مورد إلكتروني
Redlines and Greenspace: The Relationship between Historical Redlining and 2010 Greenspace across the United States.
| العنوان: | Redlines and Greenspace: The Relationship between Historical Redlining and 2010 Greenspace across the United States. |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Nardone, Anthony |
| المصدر: | Environmental health perspectives; vol 129, iss 1, 17006; 0091-6765 |
| بيانات النشر: | eScholarship, University of California 2021-01-27 |
| تفاصيل مُضافة: | Nardone, Anthony Rudolph, Kara E Morello-Frosch, Rachel Casey, Joan A |
| نوع الوثيقة: | Electronic Resource |
| مستخلص: | IntroductionRedlining, a racist mortgage appraisal practice of the 1930s, established and exacerbated racial residential segregation boundaries in the United States. Investment risk grades assigned >80y ago through security maps from the Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) are associated with current sociodemographics and adverse health outcomes. We assessed whether historical HOLC investment grades are associated with 2010 greenspace, a health-promoting neighborhood resource.ObjectivesWe compared 2010 normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) across previous HOLC neighborhood grades using propensity score restriction and matching.MethodsSecurity map shapefiles were downloaded from the Mapping Inequality Project. Neighborhood investment risk grades included A (best, green), B (blue), C (yellow), and D (hazardous, red, i.e., redlined). We used 2010 satellite imagery to calculate the average NDVI for each HOLC neighborhood. Our main outcomes were 2010 annual average NDVI and summer NDVI. We assigned areal-apportioned 1940 census measures to each HOLC neighborhood. We used propensity score restriction, matching, and targeted maximum likelihood estimation to limit model extrapolation, reduce confounding, and estimate the association between HOLC grade and NDVI for the following comparisons: Grades B vs. A, C vs. B, and D vs. C.ResultsAcross 102 urban areas (4,141 HOLC polygons), annual average ±standard deviation (SD) 2010 NDVI was 0.47 (±0.09), 0.43 (±0.09), 0.39 (±0.09), and 0.36 (±0.10) in Grades A-D, respectively. In analyses adjusted for current ecoregion and census region, 1940s census measures, and 1940s population density, annual average NDVI values in 2010 were estimated at -0.039 (95% CI: -0.045, -0.034), -0.024 (95% CI: -0.030, -0.018), and -0.026 (95% CI: -0.037, -0.015) for Grades B vs. A, C vs. B, and D vs. C, respectively, in the 1930s.DiscussionEstimates adjusted for historical characteristics indicate that neighborhoods assigned worse HOLC grade |
| مصطلحات الفهرس: | Toxicology, Environmental Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, article |
| URL: | |
| الإتاحة: | Open access content. Open access content public |
| ملاحظة: | application/pdf Environmental health perspectives vol 129, iss 1, 17006 0091-6765 |
| أرقام أخرى: | CDLER oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1451z0gw qt1451z0gw https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1451z0gwTest https://escholarship.orgTest/ 1287339424 |
| المصدر المساهم: | UC MASS DIGITIZATION From OAIster®, provided by the OCLC Cooperative. |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsoai.on1287339424 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OAIster |
| الوصف غير متاح. |