دورية أكاديمية
Emissions from village cookstoves in Haryana, India, and their potential impacts on air quality
| العنوان: | Emissions from village cookstoves in Haryana, India, and their potential impacts on air quality |
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| المؤلفون: | Fleming, Lauren T., Weltman, Robert, Yadav, Ankit, Edwards, Rufus D., Arora, Narendra K., Pillarisetti, Ajay, Meinardi, Simone, Smith, Kirk R., Blake, Donald R., Nizkorodov, Sergey A. |
| المصدر: | eISSN: 1680-7324 |
| سنة النشر: | 2019 |
| المجموعة: | Copernicus Publications: E-Journals |
| الوصف: | Air quality in rural India is impacted by residential cooking and heating with biomass fuels. In this study, emissions of CO, CO 2 , and 76 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) were quantified to better understand the relationship between cook fire emissions and ambient ozone and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. Cooking was carried out by a local cook, and traditional dishes were prepared on locally built chulha or angithi cookstoves using brushwood or dung fuels. Cook fire emissions were collected throughout the cooking event in a Kynar bag (VOCs) and on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filters (PM 2.5 ). Gas samples were transferred from a Kynar bag to previously evacuated stainless-steel canisters and analyzed using gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization, electron capture, and mass spectrometry detectors. VOC emission factors were calculated from the measured mixing ratios using the carbon-balance method, which assumes that all carbon in the fuel is converted to CO 2 , CO, VOCs, and PM 2.5 when the fuel is burned. Filter samples were weighed to calculate PM 2.5 emission factors. Dung fuels and angithi cookstoves resulted in significantly higher emissions of most VOCs ( p <0.05 ). Utilizing dung– angithi cook fires resulted in twice as much of the measured VOCs compared to dung– chulha and 4 times as much as brushwood– chulha , with 84.0, 43.2, and 17.2 g measured VOC kg −1 fuel carbon, respectively. This matches expectations, as the use of dung fuels and angithi cookstoves results in lower modified combustion efficiencies compared to brushwood fuels and chulha cookstoves. Alkynes and benzene were exceptions and had significantly higher emissions when cooking using a chulha as opposed to an angithi with dung fuel (for example, benzene emission factors were 3.18 g kg −1 fuel carbon for dung– chulha and 2.38 g kg −1 fuel carbon for dung– angithi ). This study estimated that 3 times as much SOA and ozone in the maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) regime may ... |
| نوع الوثيقة: | text |
| وصف الملف: | application/pdf |
| اللغة: | English |
| العلاقة: | https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/18/15169/2018Test/ |
| DOI: | 10.5194/acp-18-15169-2018 |
| الإتاحة: | https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-15169-2018Test https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/18/15169/2018Test/ |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsbas.4513B5E6 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | BASE |
| DOI: | 10.5194/acp-18-15169-2018 |
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