To investigate the roles of change in sodium pump activity and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of the isolated rat hearts.Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (Pretreatment with ouabain significantly reduced the recovery of cardiac function, increased the levels of CK, LDH and intracellular calcium concentration, decreased the activity of NaChanges in sodium pump function and endoplasmic reticulum stress all participate in the process of I/R injury. Current findings further suggest that sodium pump mediates ERS by activating signals of Src and PLC pathway, which may be one of the mechanisms of apoptosis induced by I/R injury.