Lactate dehydrogenase in Toxoplasma gondii controls virulence, bradyzoite differentiation, and chronic infection
| العنوان: | Lactate dehydrogenase in Toxoplasma gondii controls virulence, bradyzoite differentiation, and chronic infection |
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| المؤلفون: | Mahmoud R. Abd Ellah, Barbara A. Fox, Makoto Igarashi, Mohamed Hassan Karram, David J. Bzik, Abdelbaset Eweda Abdelbaset |
| المصدر: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Vol 12, Iss 3, p e0173745 (2017) |
| بيانات النشر: | Public Library of Science, 2017. |
| سنة النشر: | 2017 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | 0301 basic medicine, Mutant, lcsh:Medicine, Artificial Gene Amplification and Extension, Centrifugation, medicine.disease_cause, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Biochemistry, Toxoplasma Gondii, chemistry.chemical_compound, Gene Knockout Techniques, Random Allocation, Medicine and Health Sciences, lcsh:Science, Cells, Cultured, Protozoans, Mutation, Vaccines, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Multidisciplinary, biology, Virulence, Vaccination, Infectious Disease Immunology, Phenotype, Recombinant Proteins, Isoenzymes, Separation Processes, Infectious Diseases, Female, Toxoplasma, Toxoplasmosis, Research Article, Infectious Disease Control, 030106 microbiology, Immunology, Research and Analysis Methods, Isozyme, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Lactate dehydrogenase, Parasite Groups, medicine, Parasitic Diseases, Escherichia coli, Animals, Humans, Amino Acid Sequence, Molecular Biology Techniques, Molecular Biology, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase, lcsh:R, Organisms, Toxoplasma gondii, Biology and Life Sciences, Proteins, biology.organism_classification, Parasitic Protozoans, Chronic infection, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Tachyzoites, lcsh:Q, Parasitology, Clinical Immunology, Clinical Medicine, Apicomplexa |
| الوصف: | application/pdf In the asexual stages, Toxoplasma gondii stage converts between acute phase rapidly replicating tachyzoites and chronic phase slowly dividing bradyzoites. Correspondingly, T. gondii differentially expresses two distinct genes and isoforms of the lactate dehydrogenase enzyme, expressing LDH1 exclusively in the tachyzoite stage and LDH2 preferentially in the bradyzoite stage. LDH catalyzes the interconversion of pyruvate and lactate in anaerobic growth conditions and is utilized for energy supply, however, the precise role of LDH1 and LDH2 in parasite biology in the asexual stages is still unclear. Here, we investigated the biological role of LDH1 and LDH2 in the asexual stages, and the vaccine strain potential of deletion mutants lacking LDH1, LDH2, or both genes (Delta ldh1, Delta ldh2 and Delta ldh1/2). Deletion of LDH1 reduced acute parasite virulence, impaired bradyzoite differentiation in vitro, and markedly reduced chronic stage cyst burdens in vivo. In contrast, deletion of LDH2 impaired chronic stage cyst burdens without affecting virulence or bradyzoite differentiation. Deletion of both LDH1 and LDH2 induced a more severe defect in chronic stage cyst burdens. These LDH mutant phenotypes were not associated with any growth defect. Vaccination of mice with a low dose of mutants deleted for LDH elicited effective protective immunity to lethal challenge infection, demonstrating the vaccine potential of LDH deletion mutants. These results suggest that lactate dehydrogenase in T. gondii controls virulence, bradyzoite differentiation, and chronic infection and reveals the potential of LDH mutants as vaccine strains. |
| وصف الملف: | application/pdf |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 1932-6203 |
| الوصول الحر: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::fdf4a061e23e2894cc37ddafca306047Test http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5360243Test |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....fdf4a061e23e2894cc37ddafca306047 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 19326203 |
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