Aim Both type 1 and 2 diabetes are associated with differential regulation of leptin, adiponectin and ASP. Our aim was to examine whether or not acute hyperinsulinaemia and/or hyperglycaemia per se have differential regulation of these hormones in healthy subjects. Methods We examined changes in leptin, adiponectin and ASP concentrations and subcutaneous white adipose tissue mRNA expression with 3-hour hyperinsulinaemic (HI, n =10), hyperglycaemic (HG, n =7) and hyperinsulinaemic-hyperglycaemic (HGHI, n =8) clamps in healthy lean young men. As somatostatin was used for the HG and HGHI clamps, a control somatostatin clamp was carried out ( n =4). Changes in the expression of HKII and p85α Pi3K were examined as positive controls for the induction of gene expression by the insulin pathway. Results HI, HG and HGHI clamps increased expression of HKII and p85α Pi3K while somatostatin did not. The HI clamp decreased serum adiponectin (−15%, P P =0.031), while the HG clamp reduced serum leptin (−20%, P =0.003). The HGHI clamp increased serum ASP (+21%, P =0.047) and expression of C3 (+26%, P =0.018) and leptin (+50%, P =0.024). Interestingly, the control somatostatin clamp suppressed both serum leptin (−17%, P =0.043) and adiponectin (−7%, P =0.020). Conclusion HG and/or HI per se regulated the concentrations and expression of leptin, adiponectin and ASP in healthy lean young men, suggesting a contribution to dysregulation of these hormones in diabetes.
