Male predisposition to severe COVID-19: Review of evidence and potential therapeutic prospects
| العنوان: | Male predisposition to severe COVID-19: Review of evidence and potential therapeutic prospects |
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| المؤلفون: | Martin Tangnaa Morna, Alex Boye, Isaac Kyei Barffour, Stephen Ocansey, Desmond Omane Acheampong, Enoch Aninagyei |
| المصدر: | Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Vol 131, Iss, Pp 110748-(2020) Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy |
| بيانات النشر: | Elsevier, 2020. |
| سنة النشر: | 2020 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Male, ERβ, Estrogen receptor-beta, Physiology, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Review, ERs, Estrogen receptors, ERα, Estrogen receptor-alpha, Androgen, E1, Estron, Mice, NF-kB, Nuclear factor kappa B, 0302 clinical medicine, E2, Estradiol, TMPRSS2, Transmembrane protein serine 2, Young adult, Child, Gonadal Steroid Hormones, CD40L, CXCR3, C-X-C motif receptor 3, Aged, 80 and over, IFN-γ, Interferon-gamma, General Medicine, Child, Preschool, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Pneumonia, Viral, Receptors, Cell Surface, HCoV-NL63, Human coronavirus NL63, ePDI, Extra-endoplasmic reticulum PDI, RM1-950, ADCC, Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, SARS-CoV, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Betacoronavirus, 03 medical and health sciences, CXCL-1, C-X-C motif ligand 1, ADAM17, Metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17, Humans, FcγRIIIA, Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-A, TLR8, Toll-like receptor 8, Xp22, Chromosome X band p22, Aged, Pharmacology, SARS-CoV-2, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Infant, H3N2, Influenza A virus subtype H3N2, Androgen Antagonists, medicine.disease, Immunity, Innate, 030104 developmental biology, Estrogen, ROS, Reactive oxygen species, Hormone, 0301 basic medicine, E3, Estriol, Cytokine storm, PDI, Protein disulfide isomerase, Androgen deprivation therapy, H1N1, Influenza A virus subtype H1N1, ADT, Androgen deprivation therapy, COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019, ADAM10, Metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10, Smoking, NKCs, Natural killer cells, Middle Aged, mRNA, Messenger RNA, ICU, Intensive care unit, IL-6, Interleukin 6, JSTOR, Journal storage, Receptors, Virus, Female, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, Disease Susceptibility, medicine.symptom, Coronavirus Infections, Adult, Angiotensin-Converting enzyme-2 (ACE2), Adolescent, medicine.drug_class, Protein Disulfide-Isomerases, Inflammation, macromolecular substances, Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A, WHO, World health organization, Young Adult, Immune system, ACE2, Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, medicine, Animals, Sex Distribution, RNA, Ribonucleic acid, Pandemics, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Infant, Newborn, Prostatic Neoplasms, COVID-19, ACE, Angiotensin-converting enzyme, CCL2, C-C motif ligand 2, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, TLR7, Toll-like receptor 7, RAS, Renin-angiotensin system, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, business, CXCL8, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 |
| الوصف: | Graphical abstract Highlights • Effect of sex hormones on COVID-19 outcome bias in males and females. • Effect of immunological factors on COVID-19 outcome bias in males and females. • Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) system and COVID-19 outcome in males and females. • Correlation between smoking and COVID-19 incidence in males and females. • Possible therapeutic options for COVID-19. The severe form of COVID-19 has significant sex disparities, with high fatalities commonly reported among males than females. The incidence of COVID-19 has also been higher in males compared with their female counterparts. This trend could be attributed to a better responsive and robust immune system in females. Cytokine storm is one of the pathophysiological features of severe COVID-19, and it occurs as a result of over-activation of immune cells leading to severe inflammation and tissue damage. Nevertheless, it is well modulated in females compared to their male counterparts. Severe inflammation in males is reported to facilitate progression of mild to severe COVID-19. The sex hormones, estrogens and androgens which exist in varying functional levels respectively in females and males are cited as the underlying cause for the differential immune response to COVID-19. Evidence abounds that estrogen modulate the immune system to protect females from severe inflammation and for that matter severe COVID-19. On the contrary, androgen has been implicated in over-activation of immune cells, cytokine storm and the attendant severe inflammation, which perhaps predispose males to severe COVID-19. In this review efforts are made to expand understanding and explain the possible roles of the immune system, the sex hormones and the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) systems in male bias to severe COVID-19. Also, this review explores possible therapeutic avenues including androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), estrogen-based therapy, and ACE inhibitors for consideration in the fight against COVID-19. |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 0753-3322 |
| الوصول الحر: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::f4c408c0a94ede12a23dd574d476a340Test http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332220309410Test |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....f4c408c0a94ede12a23dd574d476a340 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 07533322 |
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