Mitochondrial N-formyl methionine peptides associate with disease activity as well as contribute to neutrophil activation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان:
Mitochondrial N-formyl methionine peptides associate with disease activity as well as contribute to neutrophil activation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
OBJECTIVES: Literature suggests that neutrophils of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are primed to respond to N-formyl methionine group (formylated peptides). Animal models indicate that formylated peptides contribute to joint damage via neutrophil recruitment and inflammation in joints. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are also known to inhibit formyl peptide-induced neutrophil activation. The predominant source of formylated peptides in sterile inflammatory conditions like RA is mitochondria, organelles with prokaryotic molecular signatures. However, there is no direct evidence of mitochondrial formyl peptides (mtNFPs) in the circulation of patients with RA and their potential role in neutrophil-mediated inflammation in RA, including their clinical significance. METHODS: Levels of mtNFPs (total fMet, MT-ND6) were analyzed using ELISA in plasma and serum obtained from patients in 3 cross-sectional RA cohorts (n=275), a longitudinal inception cohort (n=192) followed for a median of 8 years, and age/gender-matched healthy controls (total n=134). Neutrophil activation assays were done in the absence or presence of formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) inhibitor cyclosporine H. RESULTS: Elevated levels of total fMet were observed in the circulation of patients with RA as compared to healthy controls (p
