Does Early Emotional Distress Predict Later Child Involvement in Gambling?
| العنوان: | Does Early Emotional Distress Predict Later Child Involvement in Gambling? |
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| المؤلفون: | Jeffrey L. Derevensky, Christa Japel, Linda S. Pagani |
| المصدر: | The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. 55:507-513 |
| بيانات النشر: | SAGE Publications, 2010. |
| سنة النشر: | 2010 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Male, Longitudinal study, Student Dropouts, Child Behavior Disorders, Comorbidity, Impulsivity, Developmental psychology, Cohort Studies, Life Change Events, Risk-Taking, Risk Factors, medicine, Juvenile delinquency, Humans, Affective Symptoms, Longitudinal Studies, Prospective Studies, Early childhood, Child, Socioeconomic status, Quebec, Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders, Psychiatry and Mental health, Early Diagnosis, Socioeconomic Factors, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Preschool, Gambling, Juvenile Delinquency, Anxiety, Female, medicine.symptom, Psychology, Student dropout, Cohort study |
| الوصف: | Objective: Younger people are engaging in gambling, with some showing excessive involvement. Although a consequence of gambling could be anxiety and depression, emotional distress could be a precursor to gambling involvement. This could reflect developmental proneness toward problem behaviour. We assessed whether early emotional distress directly influences later gambling or if it operates through an indirect pathway. Methods: Using a prospective longitudinal design, an intentional subsample of children from the 1999 kindergarten cohort of the Montreal Longitudinal Preschool Study (Quebec) from intact families were retraced in 2005 for follow-up in Grade 6. Consenting parents and children were separately interviewed. Key child variables and sources included kindergarten teacher ratings of emotional distress and impulsivity and self-reported parent and child gambling. Results: Higher levels of teacher-rated emotional distress in kindergarten significantly predicted a higher propensity toward later gambling behaviour. Impulsivity, a factor often comorbidly present with emotional distress, completely explained this predictive relation above and beyond potential child- and family-related confounds, including parental gambling. Conclusions: Children with higher levels of emotional distress at kindergarten were more inclined toward child gambling behaviour in Grade 6. The influence of early emotional distress completely vanished when behaviours reflecting impulsivity were considered when predicting later child gambling behaviour. The relation between emotional distress and child gambling involvement in children was thus explained by its comorbidity with early impulsivity. This study does not rule out the possibility that emotional distress could become a correlate or consequence of excessive involvement in gambling activities at a later developmental period. Can J Psychiatry. 2010:55(8):507-513. Clinical Implications * Although early childhood emotional distress might have consequences, it was not found to be a risk factor for later child gambling involvement. * Given the relation between youthful gambling and adult affliction, our study suggests how teacher-identified problematic child behaviours such as inattention, distractibility, and restlessness can potentially unravel into an important public health issue. * Our findings add gambling involvement to the list of outcomes associated with childhood behaviour problems which include high school dropout, substance use problems, and delinquency. Limitations * The extent to which attrition, which is common in longitudinal designs, affects the findings is unknown. * The clinical significance of the key measures in our study might also be limited. With the exception of the gambling outcome, the impulsivity and emotional distress factors were assessed using teacher reports rather than observations. Key Words: youth gambling, emotional distress, anxiety, impulsivity, risk taking, attention Abbreviations used in this article ADHD attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder MLPS Montreal Longitudinal Preschool Study NLSCY National Longitudinal Study of Children and Youth PG pathological gambling SBQ Social Behavior Questionnaire SES socioeconomic status The risks associated with excessive gambling translate into considerable personal and societal costs.1 Many of today's youth report gambling as a frequent activity.2 Yet, while most people gamble in a responsible manner, others show excessive activity. More than ever, adolescents and young adults are engaging in at-risk, problematic, and PG.1 This behaviour is disconcerting for 2 reasons. Young people who begin gambling at an early age have greater chances of experiencing more severe gambling problems during adulthood.3 Secondly, youth seem more vulnerable than adults to negative gambling-related health, psychological, and social consequences1'4 including suicidality. … |
| تدمد: | 1497-0015 0706-7437 |
| الوصول الحر: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::d12bd17fc1bc6a93d55984914d9b69afTest https://doi.org/10.1177/070674371005500805Test |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....d12bd17fc1bc6a93d55984914d9b69af |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 14970015 07067437 |
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