Variation in the Evolution and Sequences of Proglucagon and the Receptors for Proglucagon-Derived Peptides in Mammals
| العنوان: | Variation in the Evolution and Sequences of Proglucagon and the Receptors for Proglucagon-Derived Peptides in Mammals |
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| المؤلفون: | David M. Irwin |
| المصدر: | Frontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 12 (2021) Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| بيانات النشر: | Frontiers Media S.A., 2021. |
| سنة النشر: | 2021 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | 0301 basic medicine, endocrine system, Gcgr, Structural similarity, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Glp1r, Biology, Glucagon, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor, Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Protein sequencing, Endocrinology, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, evolution, Glucagon-Like Peptide 2, Receptors, Glucagon, Animals, Amino Acid Sequence, proglucagon, Receptor, Gene, Phylogeny, G protein-coupled receptor, Original Research, Genetics, Mammals, Genome, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Genetic Variation, Proglucagon, Glp2r, RC648-665, 030104 developmental biology, glucagon, Glucagon-Like Peptide-2 Receptor, GLP-1, Glucagon receptor, GLP-2, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists |
| الوصف: | The mammalian proglucagon gene (Gcg) encodes three glucagon like sequences, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and glucagon-like peptide-2 that are of similar length and share sequence similarity, with these hormones having cell surface receptors, glucagon receptor (Gcgr), GLP-1 receptor (Glp1r), and GLP-2 receptor (Glp2r), respectively. Gcgr, Glp1r, and Glp2r are all class B1 G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Despite their sequence and structural similarity, analyses of sequences from rodents have found differences in patterns of sequence conservation and evolution. To determine whether these were rodent-specific traits or general features of these genes in mammals I analyzed coding and protein sequences for proglucagon and the receptors for proglucagon-derived peptides from the genomes of 168 mammalian species. Single copy genes for each gene were found in almost all genomes. In addition to glucagon sequences within Hystricognath rodents (e.g., guinea pig), glucagon sequences from a few other groups (e.g., pangolins and some bats) as well as changes in the proteolytic processing of GLP-1 in some bats are suggested to have functional effects. GLP-2 sequences display increased variability but accepted few substitutions that are predicted to have functional consequences. In parallel, Glp2r sequences display the most rapid protein sequence evolution, and show greater variability in amino acids at sites involved in ligand interaction, however most were not predicted to have a functional consequence. These observations suggest that a greater diversity in biological functions for proglucagon-derived peptides might exist in mammals. |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 1664-2392 |
| الوصول الحر: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::a2ff74e20f19e4dd8ff97282113ec240Test https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.700066/fullTest |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....a2ff74e20f19e4dd8ff97282113ec240 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 16642392 |
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