Optimizing the Treatment Schedule of Radiotherapy Combined With Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Immunotherapy in Metastatic Cancers
| العنوان: | Optimizing the Treatment Schedule of Radiotherapy Combined With Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Immunotherapy in Metastatic Cancers |
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| المؤلفون: | Yuehong Kong, Yifu Ma, Xiangrong Zhao, Jie Pan, Zhi Xu, Liyuan Zhang |
| المصدر: | Frontiers in Oncology, Vol 11 (2021) Frontiers in Oncology |
| بيانات النشر: | Frontiers Media SA, 2021. |
| سنة النشر: | 2021 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Combination therapy, medicine.medical_treatment, lcsh:RC254-282, Metastasis, metastatic cancer, Internal medicine, PD-L1, medicine, Biological response modifiers, radiotherapy, Tumor microenvironment, biological response modifiers, biology, business.industry, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor, Immunotherapy, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, medicine.disease, Radiation therapy, biology.protein, Systematic Review, in-situ tumor vaccination, business, Adjuvant |
| الوصف: | Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), and programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) have been approved for a variety of malignant tumors and are widely used to treat patients with metastatic disease. However, the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors is limited due to tumor heterogeneity, high tumor burden, and “cold” tumor microenvironment. Radiotherapy can improve the anti-tumor effects of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in various ways. As a new radiotherapy method, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) or hypofractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) provides higher doses per fraction to the target lesions, thus achieving immune activation effects and overcoming tumor resistance to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment, which significantly improves the local and distant control of tumors. However, for different metastatic situations, radiotherapy plays different roles in the combination therapy. In oligometastatic status, radiotherapy can be used as a local radical treatment aiming to eliminate cancers in cooperation with systemic PD-1 inhibitors. In other circumstances, like bulky metastasis or multiple metastatic tumors, radiotherapy can be used as adjuvant to systemic immunotherapy. This review focuses on the underlying mechanisms and optimization strategies for the combination of radiotherapy and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in metastatic disease. |
| تدمد: | 2234-943X |
| الوصول الحر: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::96957ac41e5388d48592392628fb5de2Test https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.638873Test |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....96957ac41e5388d48592392628fb5de2 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 2234943X |
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