Past, Present, and Future of Blood Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction—Promises and Challenges
| العنوان: | Past, Present, and Future of Blood Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction—Promises and Challenges |
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| المؤلفون: | Razvan Constantin Serban, Andreea Varga, Ioan Tilea |
| المصدر: | Diagnostics, Vol 11, Iss 881, p 881 (2021) Diagnostics |
| بيانات النشر: | MDPI AG, 2021. |
| سنة النشر: | 2021 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Medicine (General), Myocardial ischemia, diagnosis, Clinical Biochemistry, Population, acute myocardial infarction, Review, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Time gap, Myocyte necrosis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, R5-920, medicine, Myocardial infarction, cardiovascular diseases, Intensive care medicine, education, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Cardiac myocyte, blood biomarkers, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Blood biomarkers, Biomarker (medicine), business |
| الوصف: | Despite important advancements in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) management, it continues to represent a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Fast and reliable AMI diagnosis can significantly reduce mortality in this high-risk population. Diagnosis of AMI has relied on biomarker evaluation for more than 50 years. The upturn of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin testing provided extremely sensitive means to detect cardiac myocyte necrosis, but this increased sensitivity came at the cost of a decrease in diagnostic specificity. In addition, although cardiac troponins increase relatively early after the onset of AMI, they still leave a time gap between the onset of myocardial ischemia and our ability to detect it, thus precluding very early management of AMI. Newer biomarkers detected in processes such as inflammation, neurohormonal activation, or myocardial stress occur much earlier than myocyte necrosis and the diagnostic rise of cardiac troponins, allowing us to expand biomarker research in these areas. Increased understanding of the complex AMI pathophysiology has spurred the search of new biomarkers that could overcome these shortcomings, whereas multi-omic and multi-biomarker approaches promise to be game changers in AMI biomarker assessment. In this review, we discuss the evolution, current application, and emerging blood biomarkers for the diagnosis of AMI; we address their advantages and promises to improve patient care, as well as their challenges, limitations, and technical and diagnostic pitfalls. Questions that remain to be answered and hotspots for future research are also emphasized. |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 2075-4418 |
| الوصول الحر: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::7b94047ac9166a7912518403530d5971Test https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/5/881Test |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....7b94047ac9166a7912518403530d5971 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 20754418 |
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