Metabolic effects of glucagon in humans
| العنوان: | Metabolic effects of glucagon in humans |
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| المؤلفون: | Carlos Fernández-Fernández, María M. Adeva-Andany, Natalia Carneiro-Freire, Raquel Funcasta-Calderón, Elvira Castro-Quintela |
| المصدر: | Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology, Vol 15, Iss, Pp 45-53 (2019) |
| بيانات النشر: | Elsevier BV, 2019. |
| سنة النشر: | 2019 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, T2D, type 2 diabetes, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Review, Type 2 diabetes, lcsh:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, Glucagon, Impaired glucose tolerance, Animal protein, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Insulin resistance, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, BCAA, branched-chain amino acid, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Type 1 diabetes, lcsh:RC648-665, business.industry, Insulin, Diabetes, Glucagon secretion, Cardiovascular risk, medicine.disease, SGLT2, sodium-glucose co-transporter-2, T1D, type 1 diabetes, business, Vegetable protein |
| الوصف: | Diabetes is a common metabolic disorder that involves glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids. Either insulin deficiency or insulin resistance may cause diabetes. Insulin deficiency causes type 1 diabetes and diabetes associated with total pancreatectomy. Glucagon produces insulin resistance. Glucagon-induced insulin resistance promotes type 2 diabetes and diabetes associated with glucagonoma. Further, glucagon-induced insulin resistance aggravates the metabolic consequences of the insulin-deficient state. A major metabolic effect of insulin is the accumulation of glucose as glycogen in the liver. Glucagon opposes hepatic insulin action and enhances the rate of gluconeogenesis, increasing hepatic glucose output. In order to support gluconeogenesis, glucagon promotes skeletal muscle wasting to supply amino acids as gluconeogenic precursors. Glucagon promotes hepatic fatty acid oxidation to supply energy required to sustain gluconeogenesis. Hepatic fatty acid oxidation generates β-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate (ketogenesis). Prospective studies reveal that elevated glucagon secretion at baseline occurs in healthy subjects who develop impaired glucose tolerance at follow-up compared with subjects who maintain normal glucose tolerance, suggesting a relationship between elevated glucagon secretion and development of impaired glucose tolerance. Prospective studies have identified animal protein consumption as an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Animal protein intake activates glucagon secretion inducing sustained elevations in plasma glucagon. Glucagon is a major hormone that causes insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is an established cardiovascular risk factor additionally to its pathogenic role in diabetes. Glucagon may be a potential link between animal protein intake and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Keywords: Animal protein, Vegetable protein, Insulin resistance, Impaired glucose tolerance, Diabetes, Cardiovascular risk, Glucagon |
| تدمد: | 2214-6237 |
| الوصول الحر: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::6e9354c569bba1c123e0224e8648b700Test https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcte.2018.12.005Test |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....6e9354c569bba1c123e0224e8648b700 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 22146237 |
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