Structural characterization and decontamination of dental calculus for ancient starch research
| العنوان: | Structural characterization and decontamination of dental calculus for ancient starch research |
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| المؤلفون: | Josep Maria Vergès, Jason Maley, Marina Lozano, Siobhán Clarke, Alison Crowther, Ramaswami Sammynaiken, Steve Larter, Julio Mercader, Julien Favreau, Jianfeng Zhu, María Soto, Danielle Covelli, Patrick C. Lee, Jamie Inwood, Robert Patalano, Makarius Itambu, Aloyce Mwambwiga |
| المصدر: | Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences. 11:4847-4872 |
| بيانات النشر: | Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2019. |
| سنة النشر: | 2019 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | 010506 paleontology, Archeology, 060102 archaeology, Bone decalcification, Chemistry, Starch, Sonication, 06 humanities and the arts, Human decontamination, 01 natural sciences, stomatognathic diseases, chemistry.chemical_compound, Anthropology, Calculus, Starch granule, 0601 history and archaeology, Dissolution, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| الوصف: | Ancient dental calculus research currently relies on destructive techniques whereby archeological specimens are broken down to determine their contents. Two strategies that could partly remediate a permanent loss of the original sample and enhance future analysis and reproducibility include (1) structural surface characterization through spectroscopy along with crystallographic and spectroscopic analysis of its molecular structure, and (2) surface decontamination protocols in which the efficacy of cleaning dental calculus prior to extraction is demonstrated. Dental calculus provides ancient starch research a niche where granules may be adsorbed to minerals, coated, overgrown, entrapped, and/or protected from chemical degradation. While encapsulation offers protection from degradation, it does not shield the sample’s surface from contamination. The most common approach to retrieving microbotanical particles from archeological calculus has been the direct decalcification of the sample, after a cleaning stage variously consisting of immersion in water, acids, and mechanical dislodgment via gas, sonication, and/or toothbrushes. Little is known about the efficiency of these methods for a complete removal of sediment/soil and unrelated microbotanical matter. In this paper, controlled laboratory experimentation leads to chemical structural characterization and a decontamination protocol to eradicate starch granules. Several concentrations of acids, bases, and enzymes were tested at intervals to understand their potential to gelatinize and fully destroy starch granules; arriving at a procedure that effectively eradicates modern starch prior to dissolution without damaging the matrix or entrapped starch microremains. This is the first attempt at creating synthetic calculus to understand and systematically test effective decontamination protocols for ancient starch research. |
| تدمد: | 1866-9565 1866-9557 |
| الوصول الحر: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::e062336e1a950244df49664d2ab2574bTest https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-019-00830-7Test |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi...........e062336e1a950244df49664d2ab2574b |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 18669565 18669557 |
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