Imaging and optogenetic modulation of vascular mural cells in the live brain
| العنوان: | Imaging and optogenetic modulation of vascular mural cells in the live brain |
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| المؤلفون: | Lei Tong, Katie N. Murray, Robert A. Hill, Peng Yuan, Angélique Bordey, Jaime Grutzendler, Eyiyemisi C. Damisah |
| المصدر: | Nature Protocols. 16:472-496 |
| بيانات النشر: | Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020. |
| سنة النشر: | 2020 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Cell physiology, 0303 health sciences, Context (language use), Biology, Optogenetics, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Mural cell, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Calcium imaging, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cerebral blood flow, cardiovascular system, medicine, Myocyte, Pericyte, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, 030304 developmental biology |
| الوصف: | Mural cells (smooth muscle cells and pericytes) are integral components of brain blood vessels that play important roles in vascular formation, blood-brain barrier maintenance, and regulation of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). These cells are implicated in conditions ranging from developmental vascular disorders to age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Here we present complementary tools for cell labeling with transgenic mice and organic dyes that allow high-resolution intravital imaging of the different mural cell subtypes. We also provide detailed methodologies for imaging of spontaneous and neural activity-evoked calcium transients in mural cells. In addition, we describe strategies for single- and two-photon optogenetics that allow manipulation of the activity of individual and small clusters of mural cells. Together with measurements of diameter and flow in individual brain microvessels, calcium imaging and optogenetics allow the investigation of pericyte and smooth muscle cell physiology and their role in regulating rCBF. We also demonstrate the utility of these tools to investigate mural cells in the context of Alzheimer's disease and cerebral ischemia mouse models. Thus, these methods can be used to reveal the functional and structural heterogeneity of mural cells in vivo, and allow detailed cellular studies of the normal function and pathophysiology of mural cells in a variety of disease models. The implementation of this protocol can take from several hours to days depending on the intended applications. |
| تدمد: | 1750-2799 1754-2189 |
| الوصول الحر: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::1bf925b52a855e8abfebf9c6eb36afb1Test https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-020-00425-wTest |
| حقوق: | CLOSED |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi...........1bf925b52a855e8abfebf9c6eb36afb1 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 17502799 17542189 |
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