التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
| العنوان: |
Preexplosive conduit conditions during the 2010 eruption of Merapi volcano (Java, Indonesia) |
| المؤلفون: |
Drignon, Mélissa J., Bechon, Tonin, Arbaret, Laurent, Burgisser, Alain, Komorowski, Jean‐Christophe, Martel, Caroline, Miller, Hayden, Yaputra, Radit |
| المصدر: |
Geophysical Research Letters; November 2016, Vol. 43 Issue: 22 p11,595-11,602 |
| مستخلص: |
The 2010 eruption is the largest explosive event at Merapi volcano since 1872. The high energy of the initial 26 October explosions cannot be explained by simple gravitational collapse, and the paroxysmal explosions were preceded by the growth of a lava dome not large enough to ensure significant pressurization of the system. We sampled pumice from these explosive phases and determined the preexplosive depths of the pumices by combining textural analyses with glass water content measurements. Our results indicate that the magma expelled was tapped from depths of several kilometers. Such depths are much greater than those involved in the pre‐2010 effusive activity. We propose that the water‐rich magma liberated enough gas to sustain the explosivity. Our results imply that the explosive potential of volcanoes having dome‐forming, effusive activity is linked to the depth from which fresh magma can be evacuated in a single explosion, regardless of the evacuated volume. In 2010, the largest explosive eruption since 1872 occurred at Merapi volcano, Indonesia. The factors that caused this large eruption, which led to the displacement of 300 thousand people, are still debated. Here, we analyze the magma that erupted which provide an image of the volcanic water distribution within the volcanic conduit just prior to two major explosions of the 2010 eruption. The magma expelled by the explosion came from depths of several kilometers, which is much deeper than during pre‐2010 volcanic activity. We propose that this deep magma liberated enough gas to sustain this large explosion. Our results imply that the explosive potential of volcanoes like Merapi (Mt. St Helens, USA, or Unzen volcano, Japan) is linked to the depth from which fresh magma can be ejected in a single explosion. Preexplosive magmatic conduit was reconstructed from pumice analysisConduit was filled up to ~10 km depth with gas‐saturated magmaThe magma had enough gas to sustain the high‐energy explosion |
| قاعدة البيانات: |
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