التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
| العنوان: |
Patterns of onwards migration within the urban hierarchy of China: Who moves up and who moves down? |
| المؤلفون: |
Wang, Jiejing1 (AUTHOR), Mai, Xin2 (AUTHOR) maixin@m.scnu.edu.cn, Zhang, Lizheng3 (AUTHOR) |
| المصدر: |
Urban Studies (Sage Publications, Ltd.). Sep2023, Vol. 60 Issue 12, p2436-2455. 20p. |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: |
RURAL-urban migration, CITIES & towns, DEMOGRAPHIC characteristics, EDUCATIONAL attainment, COHORT analysis |
| مصطلحات جغرافية: |
CHINA |
| الملخص (بالإنجليزية): |
This paper examines onwards migration patterns and the factors that influence them in urban China. In contradiction to Ravenstein's laws of step migration, we argue that movement up the urban hierarchy does not dominate onwards migration in the Chinese context. Using the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey, we model how past migratory experiences intersect with migrants' demographic and socio-economic characteristics to explain the stay-versus-move decision and who moves up as well as who moves down within China's urban hierarchy. The general pattern of China's domestic migration is a movement up the urban hierarchy in the first migration and a movement down in onwards migration. We identify a transition-levels effect whereby the larger the difference between the hukou -registered place and the first migration city in the urban hierarchy, the greater the probability of onwards migration, with the effect manifesting most strongly for less-educated, mid-age (the 1970s and 1980s birth cohorts) migrants with rural origins. As to onwards migration direction, mixed results were found for migrants' demographic and socio-economic characteristics whereas educational level and the transition-levels effect are both highly predictive of movement up and down the urban hierarchy. Our findings suggest that 'jumping too high' in previous migration(s) predicts a greater likelihood of moving down the urban hierarchy in response to insurmountable obstacles to settling in cities classified as large and above. Our research advances migration scholarship by considering the multipolar nature of onwards migration and offering an integrated approach to analysis that foregrounds the causes and effects of multiple-step migration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Chinese): |
本文研究了中国城市的继续迁移模式和影响它们的因素。与瑞文斯坦 (Ravenstein) 的阶梯式迁移法则相矛盾的是，我们认为在中国，城市层级的向上移动并不是继续迁移的最重要原因。我们利用 2017 年中国流动人口动态调查数据，模拟了过去的人口流动经历如何与流动人口的人口特征和社会经济特征相交，以解释留下还是流动的决定以及在中国城市等级体系中谁在向上移动、谁在向下移动。中国国内迁移的总体格局是第一次迁移向上迁移，继续迁移向下迁移。我们发现了一种过渡水平效应，即在城市等级体系中，户口登记地与第一个迁移城市之间的差异越大，继续迁移的可能性就越大，这种效应在农村出身的受教育程度较低的中年移民身上表现得最为强烈（1970 年代和 80 年代出生的人群）。关于继续迁移的方向，针对人口特征和社会经济特征不同的迁移者，所得结果不一，而受教育水平和过渡水平效应都可以高度预测城市等级体系内的上下流动。我们的研究结果表明，在之前的迁移中，等级跳跃得越高预示着因为无法克服在分类为大城市及以上的城市定居面临的困难，而向下流动的可能性越大。我们的研究通过考虑继续迁移的多极性质，并提供能凸显多步迁移的原因和影响的综合分析方法，来推进关于迁移的学术研究。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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