التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
| العنوان: |
Effect of Cigarette Rod Length on Smokers Switching to SPECTRUM Cigarettes. |
| المؤلفون: |
Hrabovsky, Shari M.1 smh36@psu.edu, Midya, Vishal2, Lester, Courtney3, Veldheer, Susan4, Yingst, Jessica M.5, Allen, Sophia I.6, Krebs, Nicolle M.7, Liao, Jason8, Reinhart, Lisa9, Modesto, Jennifer10, Evins, A. Eden11, Richie, John P.12, Muscat, Joshua E.13, Horn, Kimberly14, Foulds, Jonathan15 |
| المصدر: |
American Journal of Health Behavior. Mar/Apr2019, Vol. 43 Issue 2, p380-392. 13p. |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: |
*SMOKING, *SMOKING & psychology, *ANALYSIS of variance, *CARBON monoxide, *CHI-squared test, *HEALTH behavior, *REGRESSION analysis, *RESEARCH funding, *SCALE analysis (Psychology), *SOCIOECONOMIC factors, *ELECTRONIC cigarettes, *DATA analysis software, *DESCRIPTIVE statistics, *ECONOMICS |
| مستخلص: |
Objectives: Cigarettes vary in rod length but are generally thought of as a constant unit. In this study, we evaluated whether the rod length of participants' usual brand cigarettes affected their perceptions and smoking habits when switching to SPECTRUMs. Methods: Data were analyzed for 341 participants smoking their own brand cigarettes for one week and after switching to normal nicotine content (11.6 mg) SPECTRUMs for 2 weeks. Changes in perceptions of cigarette attributes and biomarkers of smoke exposure were evaluated using linear mixed models among 3 groups: usual length short (ULS, 72 mm); medium/king (ULM, ~84 mm); and long (ULL . 100 mm). Results: Among the 3 cigarette length groups, only ULL smokers' rated SPECTRUMs significantly less strong, harder to draw, lower in taste, and lower in enjoyment (p < .03) compared to usual brand. Among all groups, satisfaction was significantly lower for SPECTRUMs (p < .02). Cigarettes per day (CPD) increased significantly more for ULL (+4.75 CPD) as compared to ULM (+1.38 CPD) (p < .001). When switching to SPECTRUMs, cotinine-per-cigarette decreased among all groups, and exhaled carbon monoxide increased significantly in ULL and ULM smokers (p < .001). Conclusion: People who smoked long cigarettes had the largest changes in perceptions and use when switching to SPECTRUM research cigarettes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| قاعدة البيانات: |
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