دورية أكاديمية
Big Pharma and monopoly capitalism: A long-term view.
| العنوان: | Big Pharma and monopoly capitalism: A long-term view. |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Dosi, Giovanni1 (AUTHOR), Marengo, Luigi1,2 (AUTHOR) lmarengo@luiss.it, Staccioli, Jacopo3 (AUTHOR), Virgillito, Maria Enrica1 (AUTHOR) |
| المصدر: | Structural Change & Economic Dynamics. Jun2023, Vol. 65, p15-35. 21p. |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | *DRUG patents, *MONOPOLY capitalism, *INTELLECTUAL property, *PATENT applications, *PHARMACEUTICAL industry, BORDERLANDS |
| الشركة/الكيان: | UNITED States. Food & Drug Administration |
| مستخلص: | • Construction of a digitalised dataset containing all drugs approved in the orange book by the food and drug administration since 1985 to 2020. • Pharmaceutical patents appear to be increasingly oriented to secure appropriability conditions. • Strong skewness in patent applications trade names and increasing patent thickness over time. • Decreasing ratio of orange book patents receiving public support. • Firm-level strong correlation between patent portfolio and profitability. Are intellectual property rights institutions meant to foster innovative activity or conversely to secure appropriation and profitability? Taking stock of a long-term empirical evidence on the pharmaceutical sector in the US, we can hardly support IPRs intended as an innovation rewarding institution. According to our analysis, pharma patents have constituted legal barriers to protect intellectual monopolies rather than an incentive and a reward to innovative efforts. Patenting strategies appear to be quite aggressive in extending knowledge borders and enlarging the space protected from the possibility of infringement. This is also witnessed by the fact that patent applications are very skewed in the covered trade names and patent thickness expands over time. Conversely, the ratio of patents protecting new drugs approved by the FDA which draw upon government-sponsored research – as such, a mark for quality – falls. Firm-level analysis on profitability confirms strong correlation, restricted to publicly traded pharmaceutical companies, between patent portfolio and profit margins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Structural Change & Economic Dynamics is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| قاعدة البيانات: | Business Source Index |
| ResultId |
1 |
|---|---|
| Header |
bsx Business Source Index 163866359 1360 6 Academic Journal academicJournal 1360.19689941406 |
| PLink |
https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&scope=site&db=bsx&AN=163866359&custid=s6537998&authtype=sso |
| FullText |
Array
(
[Availability] => 0
)
|
| Items |
Array
(
[Name] => Title
[Label] => Title
[Group] => Ti
[Data] => Big Pharma and monopoly capitalism: A long-term view.
)
Array ( [Name] => Author [Label] => Authors [Group] => Au [Data] => <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dosi%2C+Giovanni%22">Dosi, Giovanni</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Marengo%2C+Luigi%22">Marengo, Luigi</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> lmarengo@luiss.it</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Staccioli%2C+Jacopo%22">Staccioli, Jacopo</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Virgillito%2C+Maria+Enrica%22">Virgillito, Maria Enrica</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) ) Array ( [Name] => TitleSource [Label] => Source [Group] => Src [Data] => <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Structural+Change+%26+Economic+Dynamics%22">Structural Change & Economic Dynamics</searchLink>. Jun2023, Vol. 65, p15-35. 21p. ) Array ( [Name] => Subject [Label] => Subject Terms [Group] => Su [Data] => *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22DRUG+patents%22">DRUG patents</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22MONOPOLY+capitalism%22">MONOPOLY capitalism</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22INTELLECTUAL+property%22">INTELLECTUAL property</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22PATENT+applications%22">PATENT applications</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22PHARMACEUTICAL+industry%22">PHARMACEUTICAL industry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22BORDERLANDS%22">BORDERLANDS</searchLink> ) Array ( [Name] => SubjectCompany [Label] => Company/Entity [Group] => Su [Data] => <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22UNITED+States%2E+Food+%26+Drug+Administration%22">UNITED States. Food & Drug Administration</searchLink> ) Array ( [Name] => Abstract [Label] => Abstract [Group] => Ab [Data] => • Construction of a digitalised dataset containing all drugs approved in the orange book by the food and drug administration since 1985 to 2020. • Pharmaceutical patents appear to be increasingly oriented to secure appropriability conditions. • Strong skewness in patent applications trade names and increasing patent thickness over time. • Decreasing ratio of orange book patents receiving public support. • Firm-level strong correlation between patent portfolio and profitability. Are intellectual property rights institutions meant to foster innovative activity or conversely to secure appropriation and profitability? Taking stock of a long-term empirical evidence on the pharmaceutical sector in the US, we can hardly support IPRs intended as an innovation rewarding institution. According to our analysis, pharma patents have constituted legal barriers to protect intellectual monopolies rather than an incentive and a reward to innovative efforts. Patenting strategies appear to be quite aggressive in extending knowledge borders and enlarging the space protected from the possibility of infringement. This is also witnessed by the fact that patent applications are very skewed in the covered trade names and patent thickness expands over time. Conversely, the ratio of patents protecting new drugs approved by the FDA which draw upon government-sponsored research – as such, a mark for quality – falls. Firm-level analysis on profitability confirms strong correlation, restricted to publicly traded pharmaceutical companies, between patent portfolio and profit margins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] ) Array ( [Name] => AbstractSuppliedCopyright [Label] => [Group] => Ab [Data] => <i>Copyright of Structural Change & Economic Dynamics is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) ) |
| RecordInfo |
Array
(
[BibEntity] => Array
(
[Identifiers] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[Type] => doi
[Value] => 10.1016/j.strueco.2023.01.004
)
)
[Languages] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[Code] => eng
[Text] => English
)
)
[PhysicalDescription] => Array
(
[Pagination] => Array
(
[PageCount] => 21
[StartPage] => 15
)
)
[Subjects] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[SubjectFull] => DRUG patents
[Type] => general
)
[1] => Array
(
[SubjectFull] => MONOPOLY capitalism
[Type] => general
)
[2] => Array
(
[SubjectFull] => INTELLECTUAL property
[Type] => general
)
[3] => Array
(
[SubjectFull] => PATENT applications
[Type] => general
)
[4] => Array
(
[SubjectFull] => PHARMACEUTICAL industry
[Type] => general
)
[5] => Array
(
[SubjectFull] => BORDERLANDS
[Type] => general
)
[6] => Array
(
[SubjectFull] => UNITED States. Food & Drug Administration
[Type] => general
)
)
[Titles] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[TitleFull] => Big Pharma and monopoly capitalism: A long-term view.
[Type] => main
)
)
)
[BibRelationships] => Array
(
[HasContributorRelationships] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[PersonEntity] => Array
(
[Name] => Array
(
[NameFull] => Dosi, Giovanni
)
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[PersonEntity] => Array
(
[Name] => Array
(
[NameFull] => Marengo, Luigi
)
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[PersonEntity] => Array
(
[Name] => Array
(
[NameFull] => Staccioli, Jacopo
)
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[PersonEntity] => Array
(
[Name] => Array
(
[NameFull] => Virgillito, Maria Enrica
)
)
)
)
[IsPartOfRelationships] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[BibEntity] => Array
(
[Dates] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[D] => 01
[M] => 06
[Text] => Jun2023
[Type] => published
[Y] => 2023
)
)
[Identifiers] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[Type] => issn-print
[Value] => 0954349X
)
)
[Numbering] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[Type] => volume
[Value] => 65
)
)
[Titles] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[TitleFull] => Structural Change & Economic Dynamics
[Type] => main
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
|
| IllustrationInfo |