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    دورية أكاديمية
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    رسالة جامعية

    المؤلفون: Fabiani, Andrea

    المساهمون: University/Department: Universitat Pompeu Fabra. Departament d'Economia i Empresa

    مرشدي الرسالة: Peydró, José-Luis, Broner, Fernando

    المصدر: TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa)

    وصف الملف: application/pdf

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    دورية أكاديمية
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    دورية أكاديمية
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    رسالة جامعية

    المؤلفون: Fenollosa Artés, Felip

    المساهمون: University/Department: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Mecànica

    مرشدي الرسالة: Buj Corral, Irene, Gomà Ayats, Joan Ramon

    المصدر: TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa)

    مصطلحات موضوعية: This doctoral thesis has been focused on the challenge to obtain, using Additive Manufacturing (AM), models for surgical planning, under the premise that the equipment to obtain them should be accessible to the hospital field. The objective is to spread the use of prototypes as a surgical training tool, upgrading medical practice in the same way that technologies which enhanced radiographs at the time. The reason for using AM, instead of more traditional technologies, is its capacity to materialise, in a straight way, the digital data of the patient anatomy coming from three-dimensional scanning systems, making it possible to achieve personalised models. The results are basically the generation of new knowledge in order to create accessible multi-material 3D printing machines that would allow to obtain models mimicking living tissues. Related to the will to spread this technology, research has focused on open source technologies, mainly Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), and similar technologies based on catalitzable liquids. This research is aligned with the development work related to AM at CIM UPC, and in this special field there is a close cooperation with Hospital Sant Joan de Déu in Barcelona (HSJD). The first section of the thesis includes a description of the state of the art, including the existing technologies and their application within the medical field. For the first time, basis have been laid for the characterisation of living tissues – primarily soft tissues – to support the selection of materials mimicking them in an AM process, so as to improve the surgical planning experience. The stiffness linked to most of the materials commonly used in 3D printing, makes them unhelpful to simulate tumours and other anatomic references. Then, parameters like density, viscoelasticity, soft materials industry characterisation, soft tissues and vessels elastic modulus, its hardness, mimicking blood and sterilisation requirements, are successively treated. The second section starts exploring FFF 3D printing. Processes are classified from the point of view of multi-materiality, a key factor for surgical planning models, telling multi-nozzle solutions from mixing printheads solutions. A study about probable useful materials (both filaments and liquids) to mimic soft tissues is included. It is stated how liquids, compared to filaments, are more demanding related to additive manufacturing processes, and different ways to print very soft materials are detailed. Finally, six real cases – in which the doctorate has participated in these last years –, involving collaboration with HSJD, are reported. In the origin it can be found the difficulty to perform tumour resection surgeries to children, like neuroblastoma type, and the initiative of Dr. Lucas Krauel. Finally, Section 3 is devoted to the exploration of many concepts (up to 8), activity performed along the last five years thanks to the technical resources of CIM UPC and the academic activity of the UPC students, related to their final degree thesis, therefore reaching the construction of several machines and mechanisms to test them. The wide and systematic research about these concepts makes closer the day to reach a desktop 3D printing multimaterial solution. It is found that the best way to progress is having a plurality of independent printheads in order to enable a 3D printer to integrate some of the researched concepts, thus materialising a possible solution. To sum up, it is raised how a 3D printer for surgical training models should be like, for the purpose of serving as a basis for new developments., Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria mecànica

    وصف الملف: application/pdf

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    دورية

    المؤلفون: Nickisch, Curt

    المصدر: Harvard Business Review. May/Jun2023, Vol. 101 Issue 3, p158-159. 2p. 1 Color Photograph.

    مصطلحات موضوعية: PODCASTING, SPACE exploration

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    دورية

    المؤلفون: Vance, Ashlee

    المصدر: Bloomberg Businessweek. 5/8/2023, Issue 4782, p36-41. 6p. 6 Color Photographs.

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    دورية أكاديمية
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    دورية أكاديمية

    المصدر: Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, Vol Volume 17, Pp 3283-3293 (2024)

    مصطلحات موضوعية: background: most instruments available to screen for anxiety in people with copd are not disease specific. therefore, the anxiety inventory for respiratory disease (air) was developed to measure anxiety for this patient group, however, it requires cross-cultural adaptation for use in non-english speaking countries. purpose: to carry out cross-cultural adaptation of the anxiety inventory for respiratory disease (air) scale for brazilian patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) and to analyze its semantic validity. patients and methods : this methodological study followed six stages: 1) initial translation by two independent translators fluent in english, 2) synthesis of translations, 3) back translation by two english first language translators, 4) expert committee review (eight healthcare professionals, a methodologist, the translators, and back-translators), 5) pre-final version evaluation with 30 patients with copd through a cognitive interview, and 6) submission of documents. semantic validity was analyzed by agreement rate and content validity index (cvi) for the committee equivalence assessments. results: 1) initial translation: the two translated versions presented eight divergences, 2) synthesis of translations: the differences were discussed to reach consensus, 3) back-translation: there were no important inconsistencies, 4) expert committee: the experts proposed eight and the instrument developer proposed three changes, which were analyzed and voted on, resulting in the pre-final version, 5) evaluation of the pre-final version: data collection allowed for other changes and the formulation of instructions by applying the adapted instrument in an interview format. patients rated the questions as clear or very clear, 6) the expert committee and the developer approved the final documents. the agreement rate and cvi were ≥ 0.80 for all items of the scale final version. conclusion: the process of cross-cultural adaptation followed all necessary stages and the semantic validity results were adequate, providing the brazilian version of the air to assess anxiety symptoms in patients with copd., Medicine (General), R5-920

    وصف الملف: electronic resource