Objective To investigate the association between dietary pattern and hyperuricemia (HUA) in middle-aged and elderly residents. Methods From January 2009 to December 2012, the stratified sampling method was used to select 3 349 middle-aged and elderly residents aged 45-74 years in Qingdao, China, and a questionnaire survey (demographic information, personal medical history, behavioral habits, and food intake), physical examination, and biochemical tests were performed for all residents. The factor analysis was used to identify dietary pattern, the non-conditional logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between dietary pattern and HUA, and the restricted cubic spline model was used to analyze the dose-response relationship between dietary pattern factor scores and HUA. Results The factor analysis obtained three dietary patterns, i.e., Offal-Poultry-Aquatic pattern, Fruits and Vegetables-Grain-Beans pattern, and Eggs-Meat-Dairy pattern. The non-conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjustment for the confounding factors including age, sex, body mass index, drinking, exercise, hypertension, and dyslipidemia; the highest tertile of the Offal-Poultry-Aquatic pattern was positively associated with the risk of HUA (OR=1.32,95%CI=1.02-1.70), and the highest tertile of the Fruits and Vegetables-Grain-Beans pattern was ne-gatively associated with the risk of HUA (OR=0.74,95%CI=0.58-0.95), while the Eggs-Meat-Dairy pattern was not significantly associated with the risk of HUA. The restricted cubic spline model showed a linear dose-response relationship between Offal-Poultry-Aquatic pattern/Eggs-Meat-Dairy pattern and the prevalence rate of HUA and a non-linear dose-response relationship between Fruits and Vegetables-Grain-Beans pattern and the prevalence rate of HUA. The lowest risk of HUA was observed when the Fruits and Vegetables-Grain-Beans pattern had a score of 0.833 (OR=0.72,95%CI=0.56-0.92). Conclusion The Offal-Poultry-Aquatic pattern is positively associated with the risk of HUA in middle-aged and elderly residents, while the Fruits and Vegetables-Grain-Beans pattern is negatively associated with the risk of HUA. The middle-aged and elderly residents, especially those with HUA, should have a reasonable and balanced diet.
