Is the skin microbiota a modifiable risk factor for breast disease?: A systematic review
| العنوان: | Is the skin microbiota a modifiable risk factor for breast disease?: A systematic review |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Kento Nakano, Mona Bajaj-Elliott, Afshin Mosahebi, Katie Wang, Naghmeh Naderi |
| المصدر: | The Breast : Official Journal of the European Society of Mastology Breast, Vol 59, Iss, Pp 279-285 (2021) |
| بيانات النشر: | Elsevier BV, 2021. |
| سنة النشر: | 2021 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Skin barrier, BC, breast cancer, Breast Neoplasms, Review, Probiotic, Bioinformatics, Breast disease, BD, breast disease, Breast cancer, Immune system, Risk Factors, medicine, Humans, GLM, granular lobular mastitis, Risk factor, RC254-282, Tissue homeostasis, Skin, High prevalence, business.industry, Microbiota, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, General Medicine, HC, healthy control, medicine.disease, Breast skin, Physical Barrier, CC, capsular contracture, BIA-ALCL, breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma, Female, Antimicrobial, Surgery, business |
| الوصف: | Purpose High prevalence, unreliable risk discrimination and poor clinical outcomes are observed in malignant and benign breast diseases (BD). The involvement of microbial communities in the development of BD has become topical, and distal influences of microbial dysregulation in the breast have been well established. Despite advances, the role of the breast skin microbiota in BD remains unclear. Interactions between the skin microbiota and the underlying mucosal immune system are complex. In homeostasis, the skin offers a physical barrier protecting underlying breast tissue from skin commensals and noxious environmental triggers. Our review aims to illuminate the role of the skin microbiota in the development of BD. Methods Adhering to the PRISMA protocol, a systematic review was conducted utilising the Medline and Embase search engines. Results Through a comprehensive search of the last ten years, twenty-two studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were identified as the most prevalent phyla of both breast tissue and skin in healthy controls and BD. High abundance of skin commensals, specifically some species of Staphylococcus, have been linked in breast cancer and metastases. Similarly, dysregulated microbial abundance is also seen in inflammatory and implant-associated BD. These findings raise the hypothesis that the skin microbiota plays a role in tissue homeostasis and may contribute to a range of breast pathologies. Several mechanisms of microbial transfer to underlying tissue have been proposed, including retrograde transfer through ductal systems, breakdown of the skin barrier, and migration through nipple-aspirate fluid. Conclusion Our review provides preliminary insights into the skin microbiota as a modifiable risk factor for BD. This raises opportunities for future studies in antimicrobials/probiotics as an adjunct to, or replacement of surgery; a diagnostic and/or prognostic tool for BD; and the possibility of conditioning the microbiota to manage BD. Highlights • The breast skin microbiota as a modifiable risk factor in breast disease. • The utilisation of antimicrobial or probiotic treatments in breast disease. • The role of the breast skin microbiota as a diagnostic or prognostic tool in breast disease. |
| تدمد: | 0960-9776 |
| الوصول الحر: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::29c5830be4893c24f9037fe62a00645eTest https://doi.org/10.1016/j.breast.2021.07.014Test |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....29c5830be4893c24f9037fe62a00645e |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 09609776 |
|---|