المؤلفون: Ruohua Chen, Tao Sun, Gang Huang, Yun Zhou, Jianjun Liu

المصدر: iRADIOLOGY, Vol 2, Iss 3, Pp 328-338 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: acquisition time, image quality, long axial field‐of‐view, parametric imaging, total‐body PET, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920

الوصف: Abstract Total‐body positron emission tomography (TB‐PET) has significantly advanced from initial conception to global commercial availability. The high sensitivity of TB‐PET has led to superior lesion detection, thereby expanding the range of clinical applications. TB‐PET technology offers several advantages: (a) It enables the detection of small lesions, facilitating precise cancer staging and targeted cancer formulation. (b) The technology shortens the acquisition time while maintaining the quality of diagnostic images. (c) TB‐PET allows for a reduction in the amount of administered radiotracer, which minimizes image noise, reduces the effective radiation dose to patients, and enhances staff safety. (d) The scanner supports the development of new tracers and the dynamic imaging of these tracers throughout the entire body. (e) TB‐PET accommodates delayed scanning, which has been shown to improve the detection of small and previously undetected malignant lesions by enhancing the clearance in areas of significant background activity. (f) Owing to its high‐quality images, TB‐PET is suitable for parametric imaging, which offers several advantages over conventional standardized uptake value imaging. However, TB‐PET still faces several challenges. There is a lack of consensus on the optimal dose and scan duration for clinical diagnosis using TB‐PET. Additionally, unified standards for parametric imaging via TB‐PET are yet to be established, and the full clinical significance of this technology remains under‐explored. The accompanying review (Part 1) covers TB‐PET data manipulation and analysis.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2834-2860Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2834-2879Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/d511e768b2f24f679371e266563264eeTest

المؤلفون: Quan-Bing Zhang, Lei Huo, Mian Li, Rui Zhang, Ting Zhou, Feng Wang, Yun Zhou

المصدر: European Journal of Medical Research, Vol 29, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Joint contracture, Joint capsule fibrosis, HIF-1α/NLRP3 signaling pathway, Pyroptosis, TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway, Medicine

الوصف: Abstract Joint contracture is one of the common diseases clinically, and joint capsule fibrosis is considered to be one of the most important pathological changes of joint contracture. However, the underlying mechanism of joint capsule fibrosis is still controversial. The present study aims to establish an animal model of knee extending joint contracture in rats, and to investigate the role of hypoxia-mediated pyroptosis in the progression of joint contracture using this animal model. 36 male SD rats were selected, 6 of which were not immobilized and were used as control group, while 30 rats were divided into I-1 group (immobilized for 1 week following 7 weeks of free movement), I-2 group (immobilized for 2 weeks following 6 weeks of free movement), I-4 group (immobilized for 4 weeks following 4 weeks of free movement), I-6 group (immobilized for 6 weeks following 2 weeks of free movement) and I-8 group (immobilized for 8 weeks) according to different immobilizing time. The progression of joint contracture was assessed by the measurement of knee joint range of motion, collagen deposition in joint capsule was examined with Masson staining, protein expression levels of HIF-1α, NLRP3, Caspase-1, GSDMD-N, TGF-β1, α-SMA and p-Smad3 in joint capsule were assessed using western blotting, and the morphological changes of fibroblasts were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The degree of total and arthrogenic contracture progressed from the first week and lasted until the first eight weeks after immobilization. The degree of total and arthrogenic contracture progressed rapidly in the first four weeks after immobilization and then progressed slowly. Masson staining indicated that collagen deposition in joint capsule gradually increased in the first 8 weeks following immobilization. Western blotting analysis showed that the protein levels of HIF-1α continued to increase during the first 8 weeks of immobilization, and the protein levels of pyroptosis-related proteins NLRP3, Caspase-1, GSDMD-N continued to increase in the first 4 weeks after immobilization and then decreased. The protein levels of fibrosis-related proteins TGF-β1, p-Smad3 and α-SMA continued to increase in the first 8 weeks after immobilization. Transmission electron microscopy showed that 4 weeks of immobilization induced cell membrane rupture and cell contents overflow, which further indicated the activation of pyroptosis. Knee extending joint contracture animal model can be established by external immobilization orthosis in rats, and the activation of hypoxia-mediated pyroptosis may play a stimulating role in the process of joint capsule fibrosis and joint contracture.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2047-783XTest

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/7e4cddea11d0411ca9f8663727ec06ebTest

المؤلفون: Xuancheng Wang, Xuan Guan, Ying Tong, Yunxiao Liang, Zongsheng Huang, Mingsen Wen, Jichu Luo, Hongwei Chen, Shanyi Yang, Zhiyong She, Zhijuan Wei, Yun Zhou, Yali Qi, Pingchuan Zhu, Yanying Nong, Qisong Zhang

المصدر: BMC Cancer, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Colorectal cancer, Lipidomics, Metabolomics, UHPLC-HRMS, Biomarkers, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282

الوصف: Abstract Background Understanding the metabolic changes in colorectal cancer (CRC) and exploring potential diagnostic biomarkers is crucial for elucidating its pathogenesis and reducing mortality. Cancer cells are typically derived from cancer tissues and can be easily obtained and cultured. Systematic studies on CRC cells at different stages are still lacking. Additionally, there is a need to validate our previous findings from human serum. Methods Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS)-based metabolomics and lipidomics were employed to comprehensively measure metabolites and lipids in CRC cells at four different stages and serum samples from normal control (NR) and CRC subjects. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were applied to select the differential metabolites and lipids between groups. Biomarkers with good diagnostic efficacy for CRC that existed in both cells and serum were screened by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. Furthermore, potential biomarkers were validated using metabolite standards. Results Metabolite and lipid profiles differed significantly among CRC cells at stages A, B, C, and D. Dysregulation of glycerophospholipid (GPL), fatty acid (FA), and amino acid (AA) metabolism played a crucial role in the CRC progression, particularly GPL metabolism dominated by phosphatidylcholine (PC). A total of 46 differential metabolites and 29 differential lipids common to the four stages of CRC cells were discovered. Eight metabolites showed the same trends in CRC cells and serum from CRC patients compared to the control groups. Among them, palmitoylcarnitine and sphingosine could serve as potential biomarkers with the values of area under the curve (AUC) more than 0.80 in the serum and cells. Their panel exhibited excellent performance in discriminating CRC cells at different stages from normal cells (AUC = 1.00). Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first research to attempt to validate the results of metabolism studies of serum from CRC patients using cell models. The metabolic disorders of PC, FA, and AA were closely related to the tumorigenesis of CRC, with PC being the more critical factor. The panel composed of palmitoylcarnitine and sphingosine may act as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of CRC, aiding in its prevention.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2407Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/b8a80a63d5db4aafb3d4a29f2085f3caTest

المؤلفون: Tao Sun, Ruohua Chen, Jianjun Liu, Yun Zhou

المصدر: iRADIOLOGY, Vol 2, Iss 2, Pp 173-190 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: data analysis, PET, total‐body imaging, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920

الوصف: Abstract Total‐body positron emission tomography (TB‐PET) has ultra‐high sensitivity and the unique ability to conduct dynamic imaging of the entire body. Both the hardware configuration and the data acquired from a TB‐PET scanner differ from those of the conventional short axial field‐of‐view scanners. Therefore, various aspects concerning data processing need careful consideration when implementing TB‐PET in clinical settings. Additionally, advances in data analysis are needed to fully uncover the potential of these systems. Although some progress has been achieved, further research and innovation in scan data management are necessary. In this report, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current progress, challenges, and possible future directions for TB‐PET data processing and analysis. For a review of clinical applications, please find the other review accompanying this paper.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2834-2860Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2834-2879Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/6a00cfe223bc4fdaa402780e132f8f07Test

المؤلفون: Yun Zhou, Craig McClain, Wenke Feng

المصدر: Applied Microbiology, Vol 4, Iss 2, Pp 620-634 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: alcohol-associated liver disease, P. gingivalis, inflammatory monocyte infiltration, intrahepatic neutrophil infiltration, hepatic steatosis, liver injury, Microbiology, QR1-502

الوصف: The liver plays a vital role in the defense against infections. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), a dominant etiologic oral bacterium implicated in periodontal disease (PD), has been associated with various systemic diseases. This study aimed to investigate the influence of P. gingivalis on alcohol-associated liver diseases (ALD). Mice were fed a Lieber–DeCarli liquid diet containing 5% ethanol for 10 days after an initial adaptation period on a diet with lower ethanol content for 7 days. Two days before tissue sample collection, the mice were administered P. gingivalis strain W83 (Pg) through intraperitoneal injection (IP). Pair-fed mice with Pg infection (PF+Pg) exhibited an activated immune response to combat infections. However, alcohol-fed mice with Pg infection (AF+Pg) showed liver injury with noticeable abscess lesions and elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. Additionally, these mice displayed liver infiltration of inflammatory monocytes and significant downregulation of proinflammatory cytokine gene expression levels; and AF+Pg mice also demonstrated increased intrahepatic neutrophil infiltration, as confirmed by chloroacetate esterase (CAE) staining, along with elevated gene expression levels of neutrophil cytosol factor 1 (Ncf1), neutrophilic inflammation driver lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), and complement component C5a receptor 1 (C5ar1), which are associated with neutrophilic inflammation. Interestingly, compared to PF+Pg mice, the livers of AF+Pg mice exhibited downregulation of gene expression levels of NADPH oxidase 2 (Cybb), the leukocyte adhesion molecule Cd18, and the Toll-like receptor adaptor Myd88. Consequently, impaired clearance of P. gingivalis and other bacteria in the liver, increased susceptibility to infections, and inflammation-associated hepatic necrotic cell death were observed in AF+Pg mice, which is likely to have facilitated immune cell infiltration and contributed to liver injury. Furthermore, in addition to the Srebf1/Fasn pathway induced by alcohol feeding, Pg infection also activated carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP) in AF+Pg mice. In summary, this study demonstrates that P. gingivalis infection, acting as a “second hit”, induces dysfunction of immune response and impairs the clearance of bacteria and infections in alcohol-sensitized livers. This process drives the development of liver injury.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8007/4/2/43Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2673-8007Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/0da390a238384981b9557decf3d27cecTest

المؤلفون: Zhengyang Zeng, Yun Zhou, Lun Li

المصدر: Scientific Reports, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine, Science

الوصف: Abstract Research on amateur mountaineers is scarce, and this study aims to delve into the emotional experiences of ten amateur mountaineers during their ascent using the "Befindlichkeitsskala" (BFS) and Lake Louise Acute Mountain Sickness scoring system (LLS). These subjects were exposed to altitudes of 3140 m, 4300 m, and 5276 m, respectively. We found that LLS scores were negatively correlated with positive emotions (β = −27.54, p

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/f24abd0ae8c547b8a50ec6aaa5adc27fTest

المؤلفون: Min Li, Xiao Cui, Huixin Yue, Chao Ma, Kun Li, Leiying Chai, Min Ge, Hui Li, Yee Ling Ng, Yun Zhou, Jianguo Shi, Yanhua Duan, Zhaoping Cheng

المصدر: EJNMMI Research, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Total-body PET/CT, Fast acquisition, Diagnostic performance, Epileptogenic zone, Pediatric, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920

الوصف: Abstract Background 18F-FDG positron emission tomography (PET) plays a crucial part in the evaluation for pediatric epileptic patients prior to therapy. Short-term scanning holds significant importance, especially for pediatrics epileptic individuals who exhibited involuntary movements. The aim was to evaluate the effects of short acquisition time on image quality and lesion detectability in pediatric epileptic patients using total-body (TB) PET/CT. A total of 25 pediatric patients who underwent TB PET/CT using uEXPLORER scanner with an 18F-FDG administered dose of 3.7 MBq/kg and an acquisition time of 600 s were retrospectively enrolled. Short acquisition times (60 s, 150 and 300 s) were simulated by truncating PET data in list mode to reduce count density. Subjective image quality was scored on a 5-point scale. Regions of interest analysis of suspected epileptogenic zones (EZs), corresponding locations contralateral to EZs, and healthy cerebellar cortex were used to compare the semi-quantitative uptake indices of short-time images and then were compared with 600 s images. The comparison of EZs detectability based on time-dependent PET images was performed. Results Our study demonstrated that a short acquisition time of 150 s is sufficient to maintain subjective image quality and lesion significance. Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference in subjective PET image quality between imaging at 300 s and 150 s (P > 0.05). The overall impression scores of image quality and lesion conspicuity in G60s were both greater than 3 (overall quality, 3.21 ± 0.46; lesion conspicuity, 4.08 ± 0.74). As acquisition time decreased, the changes of SUVmax and SD in the cerebellar cortex gradually increased (P 15% in all groups. In 26 EZs of 25 patients, the lesion detection rate was still 100% when the time was reduced to 60 s. Conclusions This study proposed that TB PET/CT acquisition time could be reduced to 60 s with acceptable lesion detectability. Furthermore, it was suggested that a 150 s acquisition time would be sufficient to achieve diagnostic performance and image quality for children with epilepsy.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2191-219XTest

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/b664ebecb0724eb7b213a8ea14a1d5b9Test

المؤلفون: Chi Qi, Xiuli Sui, Haojun Yu, Siyang Wang, Yan Hu, Hongyan Sun, Xinlan Yang, Yihan Wang, Yun Zhou, Hongcheng Shi

المصدر: EJNMMI Physics, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Long-axial PET/CT, Large matrix, Small voxel, Small lesion detection, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920

الوصف: Abstract Background Conventional PET/CT imaging reconstruction is typically performed using voxel size of 3.0–4.0 mm in three axes. It is hypothesized that a smaller voxel sizes could improve the accuracy of small lesion detection. This study aims to explore the advantages and conditions of small voxel imaging on clinical application. Methods Both NEMA IQ phantom and 30 patients with an injected dose of 3.7 MBq/kg were scanned using a total-body PET/CT (uEXPLORER). Images were reconstructed using matrices of 192 × 192, 512 × 512, and 1024 × 1024 with scanning duration of 3 min, 5 min, 8 min, and 10 min, respectively. Results In the phantom study, the contrast recovery coefficient reached the maximum in matrix group of 512 × 512, and background variability increased as voxel size decreased. In the clinical study, SUVmax, SD, and TLR increased, while SNR decreased as the voxel size decreased. When the scanning duration increased, SNR increased, while SUVmax, SD, and TLR decreased. The SUVmean was more reluctant to the changes in imaging matrix and scanning duration. The mean subjective scores for all 512 × 512 groups and 1024 × 1024 groups (scanning duration ≥ 8 min) were over three points. One false-positive lesion was found in groups of 512 × 512 with scanning duration of 3 min, 1024 × 1024 with 3 min and 5 min, respectively. Meanwhile, the false-negative lesions found in group of 192 × 192 with duration of 3 min and 5 min, 512 × 512 with 3 min and 1024 × 1024 with 3 min and 5 min were 5, 4, 1, 4, and 1, respectively. The reconstruction time and storage space occupation were significantly increased as the imaging matrix increased. Conclusions PET/CT imaging with smaller voxel can improve SUVmax and TLR of lesions, which is advantageous for the diagnosis of small or hypometabolic lesions if with sufficient counts. With an 18F-FDG injection dose of 3.7 MBq/kg, uEXPLORER PET/CT imaging using matrix of 512 × 512 with 5 min or 1024 × 1024 with 8 min can meet the image requirements for clinical use.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2197-7364Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/f7de72b05eb94016804c99e0e4702044Test

المؤلفون: Xing-Can Peng, Ting-Chi Wen, De-Ping Wei, Yu-Hong Liao, Yi Wang, Xian Zhang, Gui-Ying Wang, Yun Zhou, Khanobporn Tangtrakulwanich, Jian-Dong Liang

المصدر: MycoKeys, Vol 102, Iss , Pp 245-266 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Botany, QK1-989

الوصف: Ophiocordyceps is the largest genus in Ophiocordycipitaceae and has a broad distribution with high diversity in subtropical and tropical regions. In this study, two new species, pathogenic on lepidopteran larvae are introduced, based on morphological observation and molecular phylogeny. Ophiocordyceps fenggangensis sp. nov. is characterised by having fibrous, stalked stroma with a sterile tip, immersed perithecia, cylindrical asci and filiform ascospores disarticulating into secondary spores. Ophiocordyceps liangii sp. nov. has the characteristics of fibrous, brown, stipitate, filiform stroma, superficial perithecia, cylindrical asci and cylindrical-filiform, non-disarticulating ascospores. A new combination Ophiocordyceps musicaudata (syn. Cordyceps musicaudata) is established employing molecular analysis and morphological characteristics. Ophiocordyceps musicaudata is characterised by wiry, stipitate, solitary, paired to multiple stromata, yellowish, branched fertile part, brown stipe, immersed perithecia, cylindrical asci and cylindrical-filiform, non-disarticulating ascospores.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/113351/download/pdfTest/; https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/113351/download/xmlTest/; https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/113351Test/; https://doaj.org/toc/1314-4049Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/f4cd1d14300b47c29fac77ce06540be0Test

المؤلفون: Chong Zheng, Yadong Cui, Shanshan Gu, Shaozhen Yan, Bixiao Cui, Tianbin Song, Jing Li, Jin Si, Keling Xiao, Qi Ge, Yang Yang, Yun Zhou, Xiang Li, Jie Lu

المصدر: ESC Heart Failure, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 444-455 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Heart failure, Stroke volume, Cerebral glucose metabolism, 18F‐FDG PET/MR, Cognitive impairment, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701

الوصف: Abstract Aims The present study aimed to phenotype the cerebral structural and glucose metabolic alterations in patients with heart failure (HF) using simultaneous positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance (MR) and to investigate their relationship to cardiac biomarkers and cognitive performance. Methods and results Forty‐two HF patients caused by ischaemic heart disease (mean age 67.2 ± 10.4, 32 males) and 32 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy volunteers (mean age 61.3 ± 4.8, 18 males) were included in this study. Participants underwent simultaneous cerebral fluorine‐18 (18F) fluorodeoxyglucose PET/MR followed by cardiac MR scan, and neuropsychological scores were obtained to assess cognitive performance. The grey matter volume (GMV) and standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) were calculated to examine cerebral structural and metabolic alterations. Cardiac biomarkers included cardiac MR parameters and cardiac serum laboratory tests. Mediation analysis was performed to explore the associations among cerebral alterations, cardiac biomarkers, and cognitive performance. HF patients demonstrated notable cognitive impairment compared with normal controls (P

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2055-5822Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/8a5493b1e0254921ab5b180674c6e624Test