العنوان البديل: Endometriyum kanserli hastalarda PD-1 gen varyantlarının araştırılması: Olgu kontrol çalışması. (Turkish)

المؤلفون: Fattahi, Mohammad Javad, Momtahan, Mozhdeh, Poostkar, Maryam, Shiravani, Zahra, Erfani, Nasrollah, Haghshenas, Mohammad Reza, Hashemi, Masoumeh, Ghaderi, Abbas, Kashkooe, Ali

المصدر: Turkish Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology; Jun2024, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p57-63, 7p

مصطلحات موضوعية: RISK assessment, PEARSON correlation (Statistics), ADENOCARCINOMA, DATA analysis, PROGRAMMED death-ligand 1, LOGISTIC regression analysis, POLYMERASE chain reaction, HYPERTENSION, CHI-squared test, HOSPITALS, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, GENETIC variation, ENDOMETRIAL tumors, ODDS ratio, STATISTICS, CASE-control method, DISEASE susceptibility, CONFIDENCE intervals, DATA analysis software, IRANIANS, ELECTROPHORESIS, SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms, GENETIC profile, ALLELES, DIABETES, HAPLOTYPES, GENOTYPES, MOLECULAR pathology, DISEASE risk factors, SYMPTOMS

مصطلحات جغرافية: IRAN

الملخص (بالإنجليزية): Objective: To assess the possible association of two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), PD-1.3 (+7146G/A) and PD-1.5 (+7785C/T), with endometrial cancer (EC) susceptibility. In addition, the correlations between these SNPs and available clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with EC were investigated. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 147 women with pathologically confirmed EC and 258 age- and ethnically matched healthy women were enrolled between June 2019 and May 2022. Genomic DNA was extracted, and genotyping of PD-1.3 (+7146G/A) and PD-1.5 (+7785C/T) SNPs was performed. Haplotype analysis was also performed. Pearson's chi-square test with Yates correction was used to evaluate differences in allele and genotype distributions. The 95% confidence interval and odds ratio were determined using an unconditional logistic regression model. Results: There were no remarkable differences in the allele and genotype distributions of PD-1.3 (rs11568821) and PD-1.5 (rs2227981) between healthy controls and EC patients. However, there was a remarkable difference in the AC haplotype between the control and EC groups. No association was found between the investigated SNPs and the clinicopathologic features of EC. Conclusion: Our results indicated that the aforementioned SNPs were not related to the risk of EC in the southern Iranian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract (Turkish): Amaç: Tek nükleotid polimorfizmlerinden (SNP) PD-1,3 (+7146G/A-rs11568821) ve PD-1,5 (+7785C/T-rs2227981 ile endometriyal kanser (EK) duyarlılığı arasındaki olası ilişkiyi değerlendirmektir. Ayrıca bu SNP'ler ile EK'li hastaların mevcut klinikopatolojik özellikleri arasındaki korelasyonlar araştırıldı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu olgu-kontrol çalışmasına Haziran 2019 ile Mayıs 2022 arasında patolojik olarak doğrulanmış EK'li 147 kadın ve yaş ve etnik açıdan uyumlu 258 sağlıklı kadın dahil edildi. Genomik DNA çıkarıldı ve PD-1,3 (rs11568821) ve PD-1,5 (rs2227981) SNP'lerinin genotiplemesi yapıldı. Haplotip analizi de yapıldı. Alel ve genotip dağılımlarındaki farklılıklar, Yates düzeltmeli Pearson ki-kare testi kullanılarak değerlendirildi. %95 güven aralığını ve olasılık oranını hesaplamak için koşulsuz bir lojistik regresyon modeli kullanıldı. Bulgular: Tek nükleotid polimorfizmlerinden PD-1,3 (rs11568821) ve PD-1,5 (rs2227981) alel ve genotip dağılımları açısından EK'li hastalar ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında dikkate değer bir fark yoktu. Ancak EK'li hastalar ile kontrol grubu arasında AC haplotipinde dikkate değer bir fark vardı. Araştırılan SNP'ler ile EK'nin klinikopatolojik özellikleri arasında da bir ilişki bulunamadı. Sonuç: Sonuçlarımız yukarıda bahsedilen SNP'lerin İran toplumunda EK riski ile ilişkili olmadığını gösterdi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Turkish Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Heidari, F., Sharifiyazdi, H., Nazifi, S., Ghane, M., Hosseinzadeh, S.

المصدر: Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research; 2023, Vol. 24 Issue 3, p174-181, 8p

مصطلحات موضوعية: COXIELLA burnetii, CAMELS, Q fever, BORRELIA, MOLECULAR pathology, CAMEL diseases

مصطلحات جغرافية: IRAN, FARS (Iran)

مستخلص: Background: Dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) are raised in extremely strict ecological conditions of deserts. Camels are vulnerable to many zoonotic infections. There are limited data on the occurrence of Q fever and borreliosis in camels, in Iran. Aims: The current study was focused on the occurrence of Coxiella burnetii and Borrelia spp. infection in the blood samples of Iranian camels using molecular assays. Effect of the presence of these infections on various hematological factors and some acutephase proteins (Hp, a1AGP, SAA) were also investigated. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 113 clinically healthy camels to investigate the presence of the infections using nested PCR. Moreover, the sequence of positive samples was analyzed phylogenetically. Routine haematological tests were performed and the concentrations of acute-phase proteins were measured in serum using enzyme immunoassay. Results: PCR result showed that 6.19% (95% CI: 2.53-12.35%) (7/113) of camels were positive for C. burnetii. In addition, sequencing results of the corresponding gene of the outer membrane protein (com1) revealed two different genotypes of C. burnetii agent in camels from Southern Iran. In the PCR assay, Borrelia spp. DNA was not detected in the samples. No significant difference was observed in hematological parameters or acute-phase proteins between positive and negative Q fever camels except for mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and red cell distribution width (RDW). Conclusion: Clinically healthy camels might be very important reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens. Q fever is not considered a notifiable disease in camels of Iran, and clinical cases may scarcely be recognized by the healthcare system. Due to a lack of adequate information, additional studies on the molecular epidemiology and clinical pathology aspects of C. burnetii infection in Iran are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research is the property of Shiraz University, School of Veterinary Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Zafari, Zahra, Ayatollahi, Hossein, Sohrabi, Tayebeh, Jafari, Pourya Arbab, Esmaeili, Habibollah, Keramati, Mohammad Reza

المصدر: Middle East Journal of Cancer; Jan2023, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p41-48, 8p

مصطلحات موضوعية: BIOLOGICAL models, REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, RODENTS, B cells, CONFIDENCE intervals, CHRONIC myeloid leukemia, ANIMAL experimentation, CROSS-sectional method, MOLECULAR pathology, GENE expression, COMPARATIVE studies, HISTONES, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, GENES, TRANSCRIPTION factors

مصطلحات جغرافية: IRAN

مستخلص: Background: The B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site1 (BMI-1) is one of the famous members of the Polycomb ring finger group, which plays a crucial role in the gene transcription regulation through histone changes. Hence, it is believed to be necessary to further clarify the effects of the BMI-1 clinical. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 70 acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 70 chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and 20 healthy individuals, as the control group. We used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in order to assess the BMI-1 level expression and its effect on prognosis in AML patients in the Molecular Pathology Research Center. Results: The results of the present work indicated that the BMI-1 overexpression was significantly higher in the AML and CML patients compared with that in the healthy controls (P < 0.001). Furthermore, a significant relationship was observed between the BMI-1 overexpression and poor prognosis in the AML patients (Hazard ratio=1.749, P < 0.001, 95% confidence interval = 1.31-2.32). Additionally, BMI-1 high was found in chronic and blastic phase in the CML patients (P < 0.001). Conclusion: We concluded that investigation of BMI-1 gene expression pattern will be conducive to the prognosis and treatment of myeloid leukemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Middle East Journal of Cancer is the property of Middle East Journal of Cancer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Alijanpour, Morteza, Jazayeri, Omid, Amiri, Shima Soleimani, Brosens, Erwin

المصدر: Laboratory Medicine; Nov2022, Vol. 53 Issue 6, p596-601, 6p

مصطلحات موضوعية: INFANT formulas, GENETIC mutation, SEQUENCE analysis, BLOOD gases analysis, HIGH performance liquid chromatography, SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms, MOLECULAR pathology, BLOOD collection, ALLELES, GENETIC carriers, MAPLE syrup urine disease, RISK assessment, BIOINFORMATICS, GAS chromatography, TRANSFERASES, HAPLOTYPES, MASS spectrometry, BREASTFEEDING, RESEARCH funding, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, POLYMERASE chain reaction, BLOOD testing, URINALYSIS, LONGITUDINAL method, DISEASE risk factors, SYMPTOMS, CHILDREN

مصطلحات جغرافية: IRAN

مستخلص: Objective Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD; OMIM #248600) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder in the catabolism of branched-chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) and may be lethal if untreated in affected newborns. Methods Single-nucleotide polymorphism haplotyping and Sanger sequencing of BCKDHA , BCKDHB , and DBT genes were performed in a cohort of 10 MSUD patients. Results We identified a 16.6 Mb homozygous region harboring the DBT gene in an Iranian girl presenting with MSUD. Sanger sequencing revealed a pathogenic homozygous variant (NM_001918.3: c.1174A > C) in the DBT gene. We further found a controversial variant (rs12021720: c.1150 A > G) in the DBT gene. This substitution (p.Ser384Gly) is highly debated in literature. Bioinformatics and cosegregation analysis, along with identifying the real pathogenic variants (c.1174 A > C), lead to terminate these various interpretations of c.1150 A > G variant. Conclusion Our study introduced c.1150 A > G as a polymorphic variant, which is informative for variant databases and also helpful in molecular diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Laboratory Medicine is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Safadel, Nooshafarin, Samiee, Siamak Mirab, Dahim, Parisa, Khodaverdian, Katayoon, Roodaki, Maryam Mirmohammadali, Anjarani, Soghra, Farsi, Shahla, Sabooni, Mahdi, Atefi, Azizalah

المصدر: Depiction of Health; 2022Suppliment, p11-21, 11p

مصطلحات موضوعية: CLINICAL pathology, PATHOLOGICAL laboratories, HEALTH policy, COVID-19, HEALTH services accessibility, MOLECULAR pathology, QUALITY assurance, COVID-19 testing, COVID-19 pandemic, HEALTH care rationing

مصطلحات جغرافية: IRAN

مستخلص: COVID-19 pandemic caused by the newly emerged Coronavirus was first detected in China in December 2019 and rapidly spread throughout the world. With the rapid spread of the disease, all countries involved in accordance with their capacities took necessary measures to identify and manage the disease. The first patient was diagnosed with COVID-19 in Iran in February 2020. Considering the significant role of the laboratory services in detection and management of the disease, planning and programming to provide access to these services was considered as a top priority for healthcare system in Iran. Adopting all existing laboratory capacities and providing necessary infrastructures for expanding COVID-19 laboratory diagnostics, resulted in establishment of a nationwide network of COVID-19 molecular diagnostic laboratories within the shortest possible time. In addition to expanding the capacity of laboratory services, improving the laboratory network's performance have been taken into serious consideration. In spite of the strict sanctions, the COVID-19 molecular diagnostic laboratories scaled up to more than 430 laboratories currently (September 2021), mostly are operating in the private sector. With considerable efforts, COVID-19 molecular laboratory network was established to provide nationwide diagnostic services. Taking into account the capacity for performing SARS CoV-2 Rapid Antigen testing, at the moment, we are able to provide more than 100,000 COVID-19 diagnostic tests per day. However, due to continuation of the pandemic and in accordance with the needs of the health system, it is necessary to plan and carry out more activities for diagnostic testing of COVID-19. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the process of establishing the COVID-19 laboratory diagnostic network to manage the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Depiction of Health is the property of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Yazdandoust, Ehsan, Sadeghian, Mohammad Hadi, Shams, Seyyede Fatemeh, Ayatollahi, Hossein, Saadatpour, Yasaman, Siyadat, Payam, Sheikhi, Maryam, Afzalaghaee, Monavvar

المصدر: Iranian Journal of Pathology; Fall2022, Vol. 17 Issue 4, p419-426, 8p

مصطلحات موضوعية: GENE expression, ACUTE myeloid leukemia, MOLECULAR pathology, HEMATOLOGIC malignancies, GENETIC mutation, BONE marrow examination

مصطلحات جغرافية: IRAN

مستخلص: Background & Objective: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematopoietic malignancy caused by genetic abnormalities. Currently, molecular and genetic factors are routinely used as diagnostic and prognostic markers. FLT-3 is one of the most known diagnostic factors in AML. MDR1 gene belongs to the ATP binding cassette family; it is known as one of the chemotherapy-resistant causes of AML. We aimed to study FLT-3ITD mutations and their association with MDR1 gene expression in AML individuals. Methods: For investigation, 80 AML individuals and 20 healthy controls were selected. This study was done in the Cancer molecular Pathology Research Center of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Iran during 2017-2019. FLT3-ITD mutation was assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR); Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to measure the amount of MDR1 gene expression. Bone marrow and blood smears of patients were evaluated in terms of morphology. SPSS 16.0 was used for data analysis. Results: FLT3-ITD mutation and MDR1 overexpression were found in 18.8% and 23.8% of AML patients, respectively. Statistical analysis did not show any relationship or association between these two markers. Cuplike morphology was observed in blast cells in 21.25% of AML cases, which was associated with the presence of FLT3-ITD mutation. Conclusion: FLT-3 and MDR1 function independently. Survival studies to determine the exact role of MDR1 overexpression in drug resistance issues would be suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Iranian Journal of Pathology is the property of Iranian Society of Pathology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Adabi, Maryam, Hashemi, Seyyed Hamid, Bakhtiari, Somayeh

المصدر: Iranian Journal of Medical Microbiology; Mar/Apr2022, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p148-154, 7p

مصطلحات موضوعية: ANTIBIOTICS, GENETICS, CROSS infection, MOLECULAR pathology, GRAM-negative aerobic bacteria, DISEASE susceptibility, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, GRAM-negative bacterial diseases, POLYMERASE chain reaction, DRUG resistance in microorganisms, PHENOTYPES

مصطلحات جغرافية: IRAN

مستخلص: Background and Aim: Alcaligenes ssp. is a non-fermentative Gram-negative bacillus, which causes nosocomial infections, including urinary tract infections, pneumonia, sepsis, and may be confused with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Alcaligenes infections usually are not well identified and due to possible errors and similarities with Pseudomonas, their diagnosis with phenotypic tests is not sufficient. In this case, molecular methods seem to be more effective. We aimed to investigate the real presence of clinical isolates of Alcaligenes xylosoxidans and Alcaligenes faecalis by phenotypical, and genetic methods and their antibiotic susceptibility. Materials and Methods: From September 2019 to March 2020, we analyzed 36 clinical isolates from a Sina hospital in Hamadan, Iran, which have been identified as Alcaligenes in the hospital's microbiology lab, by routine phenotypicall methods. Using the PCR method and tracking AX and 77F-r genes, we identified A. xylosoxidans and A. faecalis respectively; the antibiotic resistance of each isolate was determined by the disc diffusion method. Results: Of 36 samples of phenotypically identified Alcaligenes, only 13 (36.11%) were confirmed as A. xylosoxidans and 3 (8.33%) as A. faecalis by PCR test. Among A. xylosoxidans isolates, the highest susceptibility (92.3%) was against cephalosporin and the highest resistance (76.92%) was against ciprofloxacin. Among A. faecalis isolates, the most susceptibility (100%) was against ceftazidime, piperacillin/tazobactam, imipenem, meropenem, and cefepime, and the most resistance (66.66%) was against gentamicin and ceftriaxone. Conclusion: Regarding the importance of accurate diagnosis of Alcaligenes in combating nosocomial infections, it seems with phenotypic and biochemical tests, there is a possibility of error in their diagnosis; so using the PCR method, each species can be determined more accurately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Iranian Journal of Medical Microbiology is the property of Iranian Society of Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Ghasemnejad, Tohid, Shekari Khaniani, Mahmoud, Nouri Nojadeh, Jafar, Mansoori Derakhshan, Sima

المصدر: BMC Medical Genomics; 2/1/2022, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p1-10, 10p

مصطلحات موضوعية: RECESSIVE genes, HEARING disorders, GENETIC variation, MISSENSE mutation, MEDICAL genetics, MOLECULAR pathology, MEDICAL genomics

مصطلحات جغرافية: IRAN

مستخلص: Background: Hereditary hearing loss (HHL) is a common heterogeneous disorder affecting all ages, ethnicities, and genders. The most common form of HHL is autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL), in which there is no genotype–phenotype correlation in the majority of cases. This study aimed to identify the genetic causes of hearing loss (HL) in a family with Iranian Azeri Turkish ethnicity negative for gap junction beta-2 (GJB2), gap junction beta-6 (GJB6), and mitochondrially encoded 12S rRNA (MT-RNR1) deleterious mutations. Methods: Targeted genome sequencing method was applied to detect genetic causes of HL in the family. Sanger sequencing was employed to verify the segregation of the variant. Finally, we used bioinformatics tools and American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) guidelines to determine whether the detected variant might affect the corresponding protein or not. Results: A novel homozygous missense mutation, c.499G>A (p.G167R), was identified in exon 5 of the ESRRB (estrogen-related receptor beta) gene. Healthy and affected family members confirmed the co-segregation of the variant with ARNSHL. Eventually, the variant's pathogenicity was confirmed by the in silico analysis and the ACMG/AMP guidelines. Conclusion: The study suggests that the detected variant, c.499G>A, plays a crucial role in the development of ARNSHL, emphasizing the clinical significance of the ESRRB gene in ARNSHL patients. Additionally, it would be helpful for genetic counseling and clinical management of ARNSHL patients and providing preventive opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of BMC Medical Genomics is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Shakeri, Sepideh, Ayatollahi, Hossein, Sadeghian, Mohammad Hadi, Shams, Seyyede Fatemeh

المصدر: Middle East Journal of Cancer; Jul2021, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p391-398, 8p

مصطلحات موضوعية: MYELODYSPLASTIC syndromes, LYMPHOBLASTIC leukemia, CROSS-sectional method, AGE distribution, ACUTE myeloid leukemia, MOLECULAR pathology, KARYOTYPES, HEMATOLOGIC malignancies, CHROMOSOME abnormalities, BONE marrow, CYTOGENETICS, DATA analysis software

مصطلحات جغرافية: IRAN

مستخلص: Background: Chromosomal aberrations which occur in different hematologic malignancies are believed to be highly applicable for identifying the prognosis and treatment protocols. We conducted the present study to investigate the chromosomal and molecular abnormalities in bone marrow of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), and myelodysplastic syndrome patients. Method: We performed this cross-sectional study in molecular pathology and cancer research center of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), during 2017-2019; the total number of our cases was 252. We did all the molecular and cytogenetic tests on these patients. SPSS V.16 software was utilized for the analysis of our data. Results: In this research, the ALL patients were meaningfully younger than AML ones. There were significant associations between karyotype patterns and types of malignancy; normal diploid was more frequent in myelodysplastic syndrome (P<0.05). Among numerical abnormalities, trisomy 3 and monosomy 14 were the most prevalent ones. Conclusion: The results of similar studies from different areas with different ethnics would help to identify new parameters for prognosis determination. Cytogenetic analysis is highly applicable for leukemia diagnosis and prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Middle East Journal of Cancer is the property of Middle East Journal of Cancer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

العنوان البديل: olecular identification of fungal species and evaluation of Ochratoxin A contamination in spreading flour in Hamedan bakeries. (English)

المؤلفون: شمیمه غفوری, رضا حبیبی پور, سمیه بیات

المصدر: Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; 2021, Vol. 43 Issue 3, p267-273, 7p

مصطلحات موضوعية: FOOD contamination, BREAD, MYCOTOXINS, RESEARCH methodology, MOLECULAR pathology, FUNGI, ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, GENOTYPES, POLYMERASE chain reaction, DATA analysis software, FOOD storage, WHEAT, PHENOTYPES, MICROBIAL sensitivity tests

مصطلحات جغرافية: IRAN

الملخص (بالإنجليزية): Background: The presence of toxicogenic fungi and the production of ochratoxin in flour are dangerous to human health. Therefore, identification of these fungi by molecular and precise methods is essential. The aim of this study was molecular identification of fungal species and investigation of ochratoxin A contamination in flours used in bakeries in Hamadan Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 60 flour samples were collected from bakeries in Hamadan. At first, fungi were identified using phenotypic methods such as slide culture. Then, the genus and species of fungi were confirmed by PCR and sequencing of PCR products. ELISA method was used to detect ochratoxin A. Data were analyzed with GraphPad software version 6. Results: Of the 60 samples, 28 flour samples (46.66%) were free of fungal contamination and 32 flour samples (53.33%) were over fungal contamination (104 colonies/gr). Aspergillus and penicillium were the most abundant in samples. The prevalence of fungi in flour of Lavash bread, Sangak Bread, Barbari bread, Taftoon bread (Handmade), Taftoon bread (Machinal made), Stokbrood bread and Loaf bread were 50%, 46%, 35%, 31%, 26%, 18% and 11%, respectively. However, the highest levels of ochratoxin A were reported in flour of Lavash bread (3.98 ppb) and the lowest in Loaf bread (0.66 ppb). There was also a significant relationship between the fungal species and the amount of ochratoxin A production in flour of beards. Conclusion: While phenotypic and genotypic methods did not show the same sensitivity, the presence of ochratoxin in the studied flours indicated the necessity of modification in wheat storage and bakery flours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

الملخص (بالعربية): زمینه: وجود قارچ های توکسین زا و تولید اکراتوکسین در آرد برای سلامتی انسان خطرناک است. لذا، شناسایی این قارچ ها با روش های بهروز امری ضروری است. هدف از این مطالعه، شناسایی مولکولی گونه های قارچی و بررسی آلودگی به اکراتوکسین A در آردهای استفاده شده در نانوایی های شهر همدان می باشد. روش کار: در این مطالعه توصیفی- تحلیلی ،06 نمونه آرد از نانوایی های سطح شهر همدان جمع آوری گردید. ابتدا، با استفاده از روش های فنوتیپی مانند اسلاید کالچر قارچ ها تعیین هویت شدند. سپس، با استفاده از روش PCR و تعیین توالی محصولات PCR ،جنس و گونه ی قارچ ها تایید شد. جهت شناسایی اکراتوکسین A از روش الایزا استفاده گردید. اطلاعات با نرم افزار GraphPad نسخه 0 تجزیه و تحلیل شد. یافتهها: از 06 نمونه، 82 نمونه آرد (00/60%) فاقد آلودگی قارچی و 28 نمونه آرد (22/32 %) دارای آلودگی قارچی بیش از حد مجاز ( 066کلونی در گرم) بود. قارچ های آسپرژیلوس و پنی سیلیوم دارای بیشترین فراوانی بودند. فراوانی قارچ ها در آردهای نان لواش، نان سنگک، نان بربری، نان تافتون تنوری، نان تافتون ماشینی، نان باگت و نان گرده به ترتیب 36 ،%60 ،%23 ،%20 ،%80 ،%02 و %00% بود. از طرفی، بیشترین مقادیر اکراتوکسین A در آرد لواش (82/2ppb) و کمترین میزان آن در آرد گرده (00/6ppb) گزارش شد. همچنین، ارتباط معناداری بین گونه های قارچی و میزان تولید اکراتوکسین مشاهده شد، بطوریکه گونههای آسپرژیلوس و پنی سیلیوم قارچ های تولید کننده اکراتوکسین بودند. نتیجهگیری: درحالیکه روش های فنوتیپی و ژنوتیپی، حساسیت یکسانی را نشان ندادند، وجود اکراتوکسین در آردهای بررسی شده، ضرورت اصلاح در انبار گندم و آرد های نانوایی را نشان می دهد. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences is the property of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)