المؤلفون: de Laat, Willem, Pagan, Lisa, Malcolm, R. Karl, Wiegerinck, Maarten, Nickolson, Victor, Huisman, Bertine, Stuurman, Rik, van Esdonk, Michiel, Klarenbeek, Naomi

المصدر: de Laat , W , Pagan , L , Malcolm , R K , Wiegerinck , M , Nickolson , V , Huisman , B , Stuurman , R , van Esdonk , M & Klarenbeek , N 2023 , ' First-in-human study to assess the pharmacokinetics, tolerability, and safety of single-dose oxybutynin hydrochloride administered via a microprocessor-controlled intravaginal ring ' , Drug Delivery , vol. 30 , no. 1 , 2180113 . https://doi.org/10.1080/10717544.2023.2180113Test

مصطلحات موضوعية: Vaginal ring, Urinary incontinence, Oxybutynin hydrochloride, N-desethyloxybutynin, Cross-Over Studies, Mandelic Acids, Cholinergic Antagonists, Humans, Female

الوصف: Polymeric drug-releasing vaginal rings are useful for both local and systemic administration of drugs via the intravaginal route. Typically, they provide continuous sustained or controlled release of drug(s) over extended time periods, thereby avoiding overdose and improving adherence. This first-in-human study (EudraCT number: 2020-0050044-30) evaluated the pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of a single dose of oxybutynin administered by a novel microprocessor-controlled vaginal ring (MedRing). Eight healthy female subjects received an electronically controlled single intravaginal dose of 3 mg oxybutynin hydrochloride (100 mg/mL) dissolved in 1:1 water/propylene glycol administered via MedRing. Following dosing, MedRing was kept in situ for up to 6 h. Blood samples were collected 1 h prior to oxybutynin dosing and subsequently at regular intervals post-dose for the assessment of plasma concentrations of oxybutynin and its active metabolite N -desethyloxybutynin. The results showed that MedRing efficiently administered oxybutynin via the intravaginal route, resulting in plasma oxybutynin levels comparable to orally administered oxybutynin. The mean ± standard deviation pharmacokinetic parameters for oxybutynin were C max 5.4 ± 2.7 ng/mL, AUC inf 34.9 ± 17.4 h ng/mL, t 1/2 8.5 ± 3.5 h and for N-desethyloxybutynin were C max 3.9 ± 2.5 ng/mL, AUC inf 51.1 ± 43.1 h ng/mL, t 1/2 7.7 ± 5.9 h. No serious adverse events were reported. The study demonstrates that intravaginal administration of oxybutynin hydrochloride using the MedRing device was well tolerated.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1080/10717544.2023.2180113Test
https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/68c048e6-4d3b-4418-980b-202e8d5cb050Test
https://pureadmin.qub.ac.uk/ws/files/462912573/First_in_human_study_to_assess_the_pharmacokinetics_tolerability_and_safety_of_single_dose_oxybutynin_hydrochloride_administered_via_a_microprocessor.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Willem de Laat, Lisa Pagan, R. Karl Malcolm, Maarten Wiegerinck, Victor Nickolson, Bertine Huisman, Rik Stuurman, Michiel van Esdonk, Naomi Klarenbeek

المصدر: de Laat, W, Pagan, L, Malcolm, R K, Wiegerinck, M, Nickolson, V, Huisman, B, Stuurman, R, van Esdonk, M & Klarenbeek, N 2023, ' First-in-human study to assess the pharmacokinetics, tolerability, and safety of single-dose oxybutynin hydrochloride administered via a microprocessor-controlled intravaginal ring ', Drug Delivery, vol. 30, no. 1, 2180113 . https://doi.org/10.1080/10717544.2023.2180113Test

مصطلحات موضوعية: Oxybutynin hydrochloride, Cross-Over Studies, Vaginal Ring, Urinary incontinence, Pharmaceutical Science, Mandelic Acids, Humans, Female, General Medicine, Cholinergic Antagonists, N-desethyloxybutynin

الوصف: Polymeric drug-releasing vaginal rings are useful for both local and systemic administration of drugs via the intravaginal route. Typically, they provide continuous sustained or controlled release of drug(s) over extended time periods, thereby avoiding overdose and improving adherence. This first-in-human study (EudraCT number: 2020-0050044-30) evaluated the pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of a single dose of oxybutynin administered by a novel microprocessor-controlled vaginal ring (MedRing). Eight healthy female subjects received an electronically controlled single intravaginal dose of 3 mg oxybutynin hydrochloride (100 mg/mL) dissolved in 1:1 water/propylene glycol administered via MedRing. Following dosing, MedRing was kept in situ for up to 6 h. Blood samples were collected 1 h prior to oxybutynin dosing and subsequently at regular intervals post-dose for the assessment of plasma concentrations of oxybutynin and its active metabolite N-desethyloxybutynin. The results showed that MedRing efficiently administered oxybutynin via the intravaginal route, resulting in plasma oxybutynin levels comparable to orally administered oxybutynin. The mean ± standard deviation pharmacokinetic parameters for oxybutynin were Cmax 5.4 ± 2.7 ng/mL, AUCinf 34.9 ± 17.4 h ng/mL, t1/2 8.5 ± 3.5 h and for N-desethyloxybutynin were Cmax 3.9 ± 2.5 ng/mL, AUCinf 51.1 ± 43.1 h ng/mL, t1/2 7.7 ± 5.9 h. No serious adverse events were reported. The study demonstrates that intravaginal administration of oxybutynin hydrochloride using the MedRing device was well tolerated.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::1a7c4a95b975d54e043cefa40970153bTest
https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/68c048e6-4d3b-4418-980b-202e8d5cb050Test

المؤلفون: Mahnoor F, Malik, Joseph Hogan, Randall, Jack G, Campbell, Matthew J, McLaughlin, Joel F, Koenig

المصدر: Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil

مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, Urodynamics, Rehabilitation, Humans, Mandelic Acids, Female, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Articles, Neurology (clinical), Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic, Child, Spinal Cord Injuries, Retrospective Studies

الوصف: Background: Despite the therapeutic advancements of the last several decades, neurogenic bladder remains a significant source of morbidity for patients with a spinal pathology. Oxybutynin is a mainstay of treatment in pediatric populations despite significant side effects and highly variable bioavailability. Objectives: To characterize the use of oxybutynin in a cohort of pediatric patients with neurogenic bladder. Methods: Retrospective data were collected of dosing, drug interactions, and urodynamics parameters in the 100 consecutive patients in a spinal differences clinic who had an appointment between October 7, 2015, and December 30, 2015. In addition to descriptive statistics, a linear regression model of oxybutynin dose versus age and sex was developed to examine the impact of age on dosing variability. Results: One hundred patients (52% female) with a median age of 6.8 years were included. The median daily dose of oxybutynin was 0.36 mg/kg (interquartile range, 0.28–0.54 mg/kg). Of the 48 patients with a recent urodynamics study, 13 had a detrusor leak point pressure (DLPP) greater than the typical cutoff of 40 cm H2O, indicating a need for management escalation. However, of these 13 patients, 38% were already on or exceeding oxybutynin’s maximum recommended dose. Conclusion: The wide dosing variability and high DLPPs despite maximal dosing indicate a need for further investigation of oxybutynin’s bioavailability in this population compared to its side effects and clinical outcomes. If variability in response to the medication is due to differences in bioavailability, then a precision-dosing model based on patient genomics could be developed for oxybutynin.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::59a0b7dbcd6c953179df9b07969cd778Test
https://doi.org/10.46292/sci21-00091Test

المؤلفون: Wolosker, Nelson, Krutman, Mariana, Campdell, Taiz Pereira Donozo Almeida, Kauffman, Paulo, Campos, Jose Ribas Milanez de, Puech-Leão, Pedro

المصدر: einstein (São Paulo). December 2012 10(4)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Hyperhidrosis/drug therapy, Mandelic acids/therapeutic use, Mandelic acids/administration & dosage, Hand/pathology, Axilla/pathology, Quality of life, Male, Female

الوصف: OBJECTIVE: To assess the results of palmar and axillary hyperhidrosis treatment in males and females using low doses of oxybutynin. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted in 395 women and 170 men followed up in our service with complaint of palmar and axillary hyperhidrosis. RESULTS: A total of 70% of patients in both groups presented partial or great improvement in the level of hyperhidrosis after treatment. The best results were obtained in the female group, in which 40% classified their improvement as "great". Approximately 70% of the patients in both groups improved their quality of life after medical therapy and 30% presented no change in condition. CONCLUSION: Gender is not a factor that significantly interferes in oxybutynin treatment results. Quality of life indices and clinical improvement level were similar in men and women.

وصف الملف: text/html

الوصول الحر: http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-45082012000400002Test

المساهمون: Jung Hoon Lee, Kyoung Rok Kim, Yong Seung Lee, Sang Won Han, Kun Suk Kim, Sang Hoon Song, Minki Baek, Kwanjin Park, Lee, Yong Seung, Han, Sang Won

المصدر: T201405538.pdf

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adolescent, Child, Preschool, Drug Evaluation/methods, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Mandelic Acids/adverse effects, Mandelic Acids/therapeutic use, Muscarinic Antagonists/adverse effects, Muscarinic Antagonists/therapeutic use, Retrospective Studies, Spinal Dysraphism/complications, Treatment Outcome, Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic/drug therapy, Neurogenic/etiology, Neurogenic/physiopathology, Urological Agents/adverse effects, Urological Agents/therapeutic use, Neurogenic urinary bladder, Oxybutynin

الوصف: PURPOSE: Anticholinergics are a key element in treating neurogenic detrusor overactivity, but only limited data are available in the pediatric population, thus limiting the application to children even for oxybutynin chloride (OC), a prototype drug. This retrospective study was designed to provide data regarding the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of OC in the pediatric population (0-15 years old) with spinal dysraphism (SD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Records relevant to OC use for neurogenic bladder were gathered and scrutinized from four specialized clinics for pediatric urology. The primary efficacy outcomes were maximal cystometric capacity (MCC) and end filling pressure (EFP). Data on tolerability, compliance, and adverse events (AEs) were also analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 121 patient records analyzed, 41 patients (34%) received OC at less than 5 years of age. The range of prescribed doses varied from 3 to 24 mg/d. The median treatment duration was 19 months (range, 0.3-111 months). Significant improvement of both primary efficacy outcomes was noted following OC treatment. MCC increased about 8% even after adjustment for age-related increases in MCC. Likewise, mean EFP was reduced from 33 to 21 cm H2O. More than 80% of patients showed compliance above 70%, and approximately 50% of patients used OC for more than 1 year. No serious AEs were reported; constipation and facial flushing consisted of the major AEs. CONCLUSIONS: OC is safe and efficacious in treating pediatric neurogenic bladder associated with SD. The drug is also tolerable and the safety profile suggests that adjustment of dosage for age may not be strictly observed. ; open

وصف الملف: 828~833

العلاقة: KOREAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY; J02134; OAK-2014-02999; https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/138732Test; T201405538; KOREAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Vol.55(12) : 828-833, 2014

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.4111/kju.2014.55.12.828Test
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/138732Test

المؤلفون: Aki Shiozawa, J.R. Earla, Carol R. Schermer, Rajender R. Aparasu, Daniel B. Ng, S.D. Sura

المصدر: Advances in Therapy

مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, 030213 general clinical medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Pyrrolidines, medicine.drug_class, Urology, Antimuscarinic, Muscarinic Antagonists, Medicare, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Anticholinergic, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Oxybutynin, Aged, Benzofurans, Proportional Hazards Models, Retrospective Studies, Original Research, Aged, 80 and over, Solifenacin, Antimuscarinic Agent, Urinary Bladder, Overactive, Nursing home, business.industry, Overactive bladder, Retrospective cohort study, General Medicine, medicine.disease, United States, Nursing Homes, Discontinuation, Withholding Treatment, Adherence, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Mandelic Acids, Urological Agents, Female, Tolterodine, business, medicine.drug

الوصف: Introduction Although antimuscarinics form the first-line therapy in overactive bladder (OAB), little is known regarding antimuscarinic discontinuation among OAB patients in nursing homes. This study examined treatment patterns and predictors of antimuscarinic discontinuation among long-term nursing home (LTNH) residents with OAB. Methods The study cohort included LTNH residents (defined as residents staying ≥ 101 consecutive days) from the Minimum Data Set linked 2013–2015 Medicare claims data. Patients with OAB were defined by OAB-related claims and medication codes. Treatment patterns and discontinuation (medication gap ≥ 30 days) were characterized by examining OAB-specific antimuscarinics prescribed during LTNH stays. The Andersen Behavioral Model was used to identify predisposing, enabling and need factors that predict discontinuation. Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to assess the unadjusted and adjusted times to discontinuation, respectively, among different antimuscarinics. Results The mean age of the study cohort (n = 11,012) was 81.6 years (± 8.5), 74.6% were female, and 89.8% were non-Hispanic White. The mean duration of nursing home stay was 530.1 (± 268.4) days. The most commonly prescribed OAB-specific antimuscarinic was oxybutynin (69.8%). Overall, 66.5% of the study cohort discontinued the index antimuscarinic. Multivariable Cox PH regression analysis revealed that compared to LTNH residents who initiated treatment with oxybutynin, treatment discontinuation was lower with solifenacin or fesoterodin and discontinuation was more frequent when treatment was initiated with tolterodine, darifenacin or trospium compared with oxybutynin. In addition, several need factors (comorbidities, medication use and anticholinergic burden, etc.) were associated with antimuscarinic discontinuation. Conclusion About two-thirds of LTNH residents with OAB discontinued their index antimuscarinic during their nursing home stay. There was significant variation in discontinuation based on the index antimuscarinic agent with lowest risk of discontiuation with solifenacin and fesoterodin. Concerted efforts to optimize antimuscarinic use are needed to improve the management of OAB in nursing homes. Electronic Supplementary Material The online version of this article (10.1007/s12325-020-01412-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::02f04538eefb620e454bbf3ba577f9adTest
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-020-01412-zTest

المؤلفون: Luigi Taranto-Montemurro, Ludovico Messineo, Daniel Vena, L Hess, N. Calianese, Ali Azarbarzin, David P. White, Scott A. Sands, Andrew Wellman

المصدر: Chest

مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Polysomnography, Atomoxetine Hydrochloride, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Placebo, Non-rapid eye movement sleep, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Double-Blind Method, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Oxybutynin, Original Research, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive, Cross-Over Studies, Eupnea, Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, business.industry, Parasympatholytics, Middle Aged, respiratory tract diseases, Treatment Outcome, 030228 respiratory system, Apnea–hypopnea index, Dilator, Cardiology, Breathing, Mandelic Acids, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Sleep, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Airway, business, medicine.drug

الوصف: BACKGROUND: We recently showed that administration of the combination of the noradrenergic drug atomoxetine plus the antimuscarinic oxybutynin (ato-oxy) prior to sleep greatly reduced OSA severity, likely by increasing upper airway dilator muscle activity during sleep. In patients with OSA who performed the ato-oxy trial with an esophageal pressure catheter to estimate ventilatory drive, the effect of the drug combination (n = 17) and of the single drugs (n = 6) was measured on the endotypic traits over a 1-night administration and compared vs placebo. This study also tested if specific traits were predictors of complete response to treatment (reduction in apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] > 50% and < 10 events/h). METHODS: The study was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. The arousal threshold, collapsibility (ventilation at eupneic drive [Vpassive]), ventilation at arousal threshold, and loop gain (stability of ventilatory control, LG1), were calculated during spontaneous breathing during sleep. Muscle compensation (upper airway response) was calculated as a function of ventilation at arousal threshold adjusted for Vpassive. Ventilation was expressed as a percentage of the eupneic level of ventilation (%(eupnea)). Data are presented as mean [95% CI]. RESULTS: Compared with placebo, ato-oxy increased Vpassive by 73 [54 to 91]%(eupnea) (P < .001) and muscle compensation by 29 [8 to 51]%(eupnea) (P = .012), reduced the arousal threshold by –9 [–14 to –3]% (P = .022) and LG1 by –11 [–22 to 2]% (P = .022). Atomoxetine alone significantly reduced arousal threshold and LG1. Both agents alone improved collapsibility (Vpassive) but not muscle compensation. Patients with lower AHI, higher Vpassive, and higher fraction of hypopneas over total events had a complete response with ato-oxy. FINDINGS: Ato-oxy markedly improved the measures of upper airway collapsibility, increased breathing stability, and slightly reduced the arousal threshold. Patients with relatively lower AHI and less severe upper airway collapsibility had the best chance for OSA resolution with ato-oxy.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::bb89ee3e025163b756c31b1477cb6647Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.01.012Test

المؤلفون: Timothy J. Ness, Jamie McNaught, Buffie Clodfelder-Miller, Xin Su

المصدر: Neurourol Urodyn

مصطلحات موضوعية: Urology, 030232 urology & nephrology, Electric Stimulation Therapy, Article, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cystitis, medicine, Animals, Amitriptyline, Oxybutynin, Bladder Pain, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Urinary bladder, business.industry, Interstitial cystitis, medicine.disease, Neuromodulation (medicine), Pudendal Nerve, Rats, Thiazoles, medicine.anatomical_structure, Anesthesia, Bladder Disorder, Mandelic Acids, Urological Agents, Acetanilides, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, Mirabegron, Muscle Contraction, medicine.drug

الوصف: AIMS: Neuromodulation (nerve stimulation) can produce analgesia. One form, bilateral pudendal nerve stimulation (bPNS), suppresses responses to urinary bladder distension (UBD) in hypersensitive rats. Drugs can modify this effect (e.g., benzodiazepines, but not opioids, suppress bPNS effects). Prior to a clinical trial of bPNS effects on bladder pain, we felt it was prudent to survey the effects of medications commonly used in patients with bladder disorders. METHODS: Bladder hypersensitivity was produced by neonatal bladder inflammation in rat pups coupled with a second inflammatory insult as an adult. Antimuscarinic (oxybutynin), β(3)-adrenoceptor agonist (mirabegron, CL316243), α(1)-adrenoceptor antagonist (tamsulosin), antidepressant (amitriptyline), muscle relaxing (baclofen), and sedative (propofol) agents were administered and effects of bPNS on responses to UBD assessed. bPNS consisted of bilateral biphasic electrical stimulation of the mixed motor/sensory component of the pudendal nerves. Visceromotor responses (VMRs; abdominal muscle contractile responses) were used as nociceptive endpoints. RESULTS: Many of these drugs directly inhibited the VMRs to UBD, but only mirabegron, at the doses employed, significantly reduced inhibitory effects of bPNS. In the presence of the other drugs, bPNS continued to produce statistically significant inhibition of VMRs to UBD. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that concurrent therapy with drugs used to treat bladder disorders could affect assessment of the effects of bPNS on bladder hypersensitivity. This study gives guidance to clinical trials using bPNS for the treatment of painful bladder syndromes and suggests potential clinical use of some of these medications in the treatment of these same disorders.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::8b79b82a3c067114924afed1fd853dd9Test
https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.24373Test

المؤلفون: Marcelo Passos Teivelis, Nelson Wolosker, Marcelo Felix da Silva, Carolina Brito Faustino, Paulo Kauffman, Pedro Puech-Leão, José Ribas Milanez de Campos

المصدر: International Journal of Dermatology. 59:709-715

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Adolescent, medicine.drug_class, Administration, Oral, Muscarinic Antagonists, Dermatology, Severity of Illness Index, Drug Administration Schedule, Young Adult, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Xerophthalmia, Severity of illness, Anticholinergic, medicine, Humans, Hyperhidrosis, Young adult, Oxybutynin, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, Hand, Dry mouth, Treatment Outcome, Patient Satisfaction, Face, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Axilla, Quality of Life, Mandelic Acids, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Follow-Up Studies, medicine.drug

الوصف: Background Hyperhidrosis (HH) is characterized by exaggerated sweating in a specific region due to hyperfunction of the sweat glands. In the late 2000s, we started treating patients with an anticholinergic, oxybutynin, that was not being used until then. Objectives To present, after 12 years of utilizing this medication in our service, the substantial experience obtained with the use of oxybutynin as an initial treatment of HH in a large series of 1,658 patients. Methods We analyzed 1,658 patients treated with oxybutynin for HH from May 2006 to June 2018. The patients were divided into four groups according to the main site of HH: the plantar group, the axillary group, the facial group, and the palmar group. To measure the degree of satisfaction, a quality of life (QoL) questionnaire was used. Results Pre-treatment QoL was poor or very poor in more than 94% of the cases, and the palmar group had the worst quality of life. After treatment, we observed an improvement in the quality of life in 77% of patients. More than 70% of the patients in all groups present moderate or optimal subjective clinical improvement in sweating after treatment. The group with the best result was the facial group. Intense dry mouth was reported in 24.9% of all patients in all groups. Conclusions This study included a large number of patients followed for a long period and demonstrated the good effectiveness of treatment with oxybutynin for hyperhidrosis in the main sites of sweating.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::691da59b88a32fbded7c8f8ea83abe52Test
https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.14872Test

المؤلفون: Maida Zonić-Imamović, Mirza Imamović, Semir Imamović, Renata Hodžić, Azra Delalić, Amela Čičkušić

المصدر: Acta Medica Academica. 48:271-277

مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Multiple Sclerosis, medicine.drug_class, Urology, Cholinergic Antagonists, law.invention, Randomized controlled trial, Quality of life, law, Surveys and Questionnaires, Statistical significance, medicine, Anticholinergic, Humans, Oxybutynin, Urinary bladder, Urinary Bladder, Overactive, business.industry, Multiple sclerosis, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Treatment Outcome, medicine.anatomical_structure, Overactive bladder, Quality of Life, Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation, Mandelic Acids, Female, Tibial Nerve, business, medicine.drug

الوصف: Objective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the anticholinergic therapy with oxy­butynin and the effects of daily transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (TTNS) on the quality of life of patients with an overactive bladder (OAB) and mul­tiple sclerosis (MS). Patients and Methods . The study was designed as a randomized controlled trial. The patients who suffer from MS underwent urodynamic tests which showed that they had an OAB. The tests used to assess symptoms and quality of life were Over­active Bladder Questionnaires (OAB-q) SF. Patients were divided into 2 groups of 30 patients each. The first group received a 5 mg oxybutynin tablet twice a day for 3 months and the second group had TTNS every day for 3 months. Results . The anticholinergic therapy showed a statistically significant improvement in all symptoms and quality of life (P

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::863072612dfbf3e617c3312911ad8fe2Test
https://doi.org/10.5644/ama2006-124.267Test