المؤلفون: Yin, Yingxian¹ (AUTHOR), Li, Jiahui² (AUTHOR), Su, Ling³ (AUTHOR), Ou, Zhiying¹ (AUTHOR), Lv, Qingqun⁴ (AUTHOR), Xiao, Misi⁵ (AUTHOR), Wang, Changbing⁵ (AUTHOR), Zeng, Dan² (AUTHOR), Gu, Yiling² (AUTHOR), Yang, Fengxia² (AUTHOR), Chen, Minxia² (AUTHOR), Feng, Shaojuan⁶ (AUTHOR), Hu, Wanming⁷ (AUTHOR), Bu, Fengling⁸ (AUTHOR), Zhu, Bing⁵ (AUTHOR), Xu, Yi² (AUTHOR) xuyi70@163.com

المصدر: BMC Infectious Diseases. 12/19/2023, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p1-10. 10p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *HUMAN herpesvirus 1, *POLYMERASE chain reaction, *VIRUS diseases

مستخلص: Background: Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection is a common viral disease that mainly causes oral lesions, but can also cause genital lesions in some instances. Current treatments with nucleoside analogs are limited by the emergence of drug resistance. Therefore, novel anti-HSV-1 drugs are urgently needed. Methods: In this study, we screened a library of 2080 compounds for anti-HSV-1 activity using a plaque formation assay. We selected 11 potential inhibitors of HSV-1 and further evaluated their antiviral effects by plaque reduction assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results: Five compounds, namely ginsenoside Rd, brassinolide, rosamultin, 3'-hydroxy puerarin, and clinafloxacin HCl, showed potent anti-HSV-1 activity and completely suppressed plaque formation at a concentration of 10 µM. Among them, clinafloxacin HCl, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, exhibited a high selectivity index for HSV-1. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that these five compounds have potential antiviral properties against HSV-1 and may have different mechanisms of action. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the antiviral mechanisms of these compounds and to explore their therapeutic potential for HSV-1 infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Korayem, Osama H.¹ (AUTHOR), Ahmed, Amr E.¹ (AUTHOR) Amreahmed@psas.bsu.edu.eg, Meabed, Mohamed H.² (AUTHOR), Magdy, Doaa M.³ (AUTHOR), Abdelghany, Wafaa M.⁴ (AUTHOR)

المصدر: BMC Infectious Diseases. 10/19/2023, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p1-12. 12p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *COVID-19, *STROMAL cell-derived factor 1, *SARS-CoV-2, *CORONAVIRUS diseases, *GENETIC polymorphisms, *CORONAVIRUSES

مستخلص: Background: A novel corona virus called SARS-CoV-2 was identified at the end of December 2019, and the illness induced by it was designated as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Severity of the disease could vary significantly since most of the infected individuals experience mild to moderate respiratory symptoms and recover without specialized care. Genetic polymorphisms have implications in influencing the varying degrees of COVID-19 severity. This study aims to assess the potential association between the CXCL12 rs2839693 polymorphism and the severity of COVID-19 in Assiut University Quarantine Hospital during the period from May 2022 to August 2022. Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional study and is applied to 300 COVID-19 patients confirmed by RT-PCR admitted to Assiut University Quarantine Hospital from May 2022 to August 2022. Based on the clinical symptoms, the recruited participants had been divided into two groups. Group I involved mild or moderate cases; Group II involved severe or critical conditions. The rs2839693 polymorphism was detected by real time PCR using TaqMan assay probe. Results: The frequency of the T allele and the TT genotype was significantly higher in the severe or critical group compared with the mild or moderate group (p value < 0.001). C-reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimers are significantly elevated in the combined variants (CT + TT) and the TT compared with the CC (P value 0.006 and 0.017 respectively) and the CC,CT genotypes (p value 0.019 and 0.002 respectively). The combined variants (CT + TT) of CXCL12 were found to be independent predictors to severe or critical COVID-19 risk with P value = < 0.001, OR = 3.034& 95% CI = 1.805–5.098. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that CXCL12 rs2839693 had a role in the development and seriousness of COVID-19. Patients with the TT genotype or the T allele at increased risk developed severe or critical rather than mild or moderate disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Min-ChunYeh¹ (AUTHOR), Chuang, Han-Chuan² (AUTHOR), Weng, Shuen-Fu^1,3 (AUTHOR), Hsu, Chung-Huei¹ (AUTHOR), Huang, Chen-Ling¹ (AUTHOR), Lin, Yu-Pei¹ (AUTHOR), Lin, Yan-Yu¹ (AUTHOR), Hsieh, Yu-Shan^4,5 (AUTHOR) 228455300teresa@gmail.com

المصدر: BMC Infectious Diseases. 9/20/2023, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p1-6. 6p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *IMMUNE reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, *TYPE 1 diabetes, *HIV-positive persons, *TYPE 2 diabetes, *INSULIN aspart, *GLYCEMIC control

مستخلص: Background: Diabetes that develops in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients who receive antiretroviral therapy (ART) is usually type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, autoimmune diabetes, such as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) can also develop in this population. After treatment with ART, patients might experience clinical deterioration following an increase in the CD4 cell count, which is termed immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Here, we describe an HIV-infected patient on ART who developed T1DMat due to IRIS, highlighting the clinical complexity in diagnosis and treatment. Case presentation: A 36-year-old man infected with HIV had a nadir CD4 cell count of 15.53/μL before medication, which increased to 429.09/μL after 9 months of regular ART. The fasting serum glucose at 9 months was between 96 mg/dL and 117 mg/dL. After 11 months of ART, the patient was admitted to hospital for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and Graves' disease (GD). Noninsulin antidiabetics (NIADs) were prescribed following the resolution of DKA. However, poor glycemic control was noted despite well-titrated NIADs. Further investigation demonstrated poor pancreatic beta cell function and elevated anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) and anti-tyrosine phosphatase-like insulinoma antigen 2 (anti-IA2) titers. According to the results, he was diagnosed with T1DM and received multiple daily injections(MDI) of insulin. The regimen of MDI was insulin degludec as basal insulin and insulin aspart as prandial insulin. After MDI therapy, his glycemic control was improved. Conclusion: In this case, T1DM was ascribed to IRIS. Although this phenomenon has been demonstrated in previous case reports, further study is necessary to realize the mechanism of this association. Therefore, we emphasize that when HIV-infected patients on ART experience an unstable blood glucose level and abnormal thyroid function, physicians should consider T1DM and GD associated with ART-induced IRIS to reduce the subsequent complications and more serious endocrine dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Jiansheng Lin, Junfeng Wu, Lan Gong, Xiaoqing Li, Gaoxiong Wang

المصدر: BMC Infectious Diseases, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 1-5 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Phytobacter diazotrophicus, Sepsis, Galactosemia type 1, Neonatal, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216

الوصف: Abstract Background Phytobacter diazotrophicus (P. diazotrophicus) is an opportunistic pathogen that causes nosocomial outbreaks and sepsis. However, there are no reports of P. diazotrophicus isolated from human blood in China. Case presentation A 27-day-old female infant was admitted to our hospital with fever and high bilirubin levels. The clinical features included jaundice, abnormal coagulation, cholestasis, fever, convulsions, weak muscle tension, sucking weakness, ascites, abnormal tyrosine metabolism, cerebral oedema, abnormal liver function, clavicle fracture, and haemolytic anaemia. The strain isolated from the patient’s blood was identified as P. diazotrophicus by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Galactosemia type 1 (GALAC1) was diagnosed using whole-exome sequencing (WES). Based on drug sensitivity results, 10 days of anti-infective treatment with meropenem combined with lactose-free milk powder improved symptoms. Conclusion P. diazotrophicus was successfully identified in a patient with neonatal sepsis combined with galactosemia. Galactosemia may be an important factor in neonatal sepsis. This case further expands our understanding of the clinical characteristics of GALAC1.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2334Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/b71d419439734028812be5708db21b5eTest

المؤلفون: Sho Shimada, Tetsuo Yamaguchi, Satsuki Mikoshiba, Kazuaki Sato, Takahiro Mitsumura, Kohji Komori, Takashi Yamana, Yuki Iijima, Rie Sakakibara, Sho Shibata, Takayuki Honda, Tsuyoshi Shirai, Tsukasa Okamoto, Haruhiko Furusawa, Tomoya Tateishi, Yasunari Miyazaki

المصدر: BMC Infectious Diseases, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Sequence type 1, Relapsing bronchopneumonia, Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216

الوصف: Abstract Background The emergence of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) has increased the incidence of community-onset MRSA infection. Respiratory tract infections caused by MRSA has been noted for their severity; however, repeated relapses that require extended antibiotic therapy are rare. Case presentation We report a case of relapsing bronchopneumonia caused by CA-MRSA in a 56-year-old man. The patient responded to antibiotics, but repeatedly relapsed after stopping treatment. MRSA was consistently isolated from airway specimens during each relapse. Extended oral antibiotic treatment with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) for 6 months achieved infection control. Whole-genome sequencing of the isolated strain revealed that the causative agent was sequence type (ST)1/staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type IVa, a clone that is rapidly increasing in Japan. Discussion and conclusions This patient had an unusual course of MRSA bronchopneumonia with repeated relapses. Although the choice of antibiotics for long-term use in MRSA respiratory tract infections has not been well established, TMP/SMX was effective and well tolerated for long-term therapy in this case. The clinical course of infections related to the rapid emerging clone, ST1/SCCmec type IVa warrants further attention.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2334Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/b4f8f6a6f62c46acb49f1bba27051ec0Test

المؤلفون: Xingyu Leng, Huiqin Yang, Lingzhai Zhao, Jiamin Feng, Kanghong Jin, Lu Liao, Fuchun Zhang

المصدر: BMC Infectious Diseases, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 1-4 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Dengue, Encephalopathy, DENV serotype 1, Adult, Cytokines, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216

الوصف: Abstract Background Dengue is an important public health problem, which caused by the dengue virus (DENV), a single-stranded RNA virus consisted of four serotypes. Central nervus system (CNS) impairment in dengue usually results from DENV-2 or DENV-3 infection, which lead to life-threatening outcomes. Furthermore, neurological complications due to DENV-1 was rare especially in adult patients. Case presentation A 44-year-old man without comorbidities had lethargy after hyperpyrexia and a positive DENV NS1 antigen was detected for confirming the diagnosis of dengue on day 8 of onset. Then logagnosia, decreased muscle strength, delirium and irritability were occurred even radiographic examination were normal. He was treated with low-dose hormone, sedatives and gamma goblin with a short duration of 6 days. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests were persistent normal. However, presence of DENV-1 RNA was confirmed both in CSF and serum. Furthermore, the complete sequence of the DENV isolated from the patient’s serum was performed (GenBank No.: MW261838). The cytokines as IL-6, IL-10 and sVCAM-1 were increased in critical phase of disease. Finally, the patient was discharged on day 24 of onset without any neurological sequelae. Conclusion Encephalopathy caused by a direct CNS invasion due to DENV-1 during viremia was described in an adult patient. Treatment with low-dose hormone and gamma goblin was helpful for admission.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2334Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/a721fb99cce9471dbad55b0a486403b1Test

المؤلفون: Wang, Sumei, Tian, Yaqiong, Wu, Yujing, Yu, Zhen, Zhang, Jinjuan, Zhang, Jiandong, Liu, Shuye

المصدر: BMC Infectious Diseases; 2/20/2024, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p1-4, 4p

مصطلحات موضوعية: PORPHYROMONAS gingivalis infections, LITERATURE reviews, HUMAN herpesvirus 1, NUCLEOTIDE sequencing, FUSOBACTERIUM

مستخلص: Background: Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) belongs to the genus Fusobacterium, which is a gram-negative obligate anaerobic bacterium. Bacteremia associated with F. nucleatum is a serious complication, which is not common in clinic, especially when it is combined with other intracranial pathogenic microorganism infection. We reported for the first time a case of F. nucleatum bacteremia combined with intracranial Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and herpes simplex virus type 1(HSV-1) infection. Case presentation: A 60-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with a headache for a week that worsened for 2 days. Combined with history, physical signs and examination, it was characterized as ischemic cerebrovascular disease (ICVD). F. nucleatum was detected in blood by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-offight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Meanwhile, P. gingivalis and HSV-1 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were identified by metagenome next generation sequencing (mNGS). After a quick diagnosis and a combination of antibiotics and antiviral treatment, the patient recovered and was discharged. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first report of intracranial P. gingivalis and HSV-1 infection combined with F. nucleatum bacteremia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of BMC Infectious Diseases is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Zhang, Yongkang, Romieu-Hernandez, Alfonso, Boehmer, Tegan K., Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo, Carton, Thomas W., Gundlapalli, Adi V., Fearrington, Julia, Nagavedu, Kshema, Dea, Katherine, Moyneur, Erick, Cowell, Lindsay G., Kaushal, Rainu, Mayer, Kenneth H., Puro, Jon, Rasmussen, Sonja A., Thacker, Deepika, Weiner, Mark G., Saydah, Sharon, Block, Jason P., PCORnet Network Partners

المصدر: BMC Infectious Diseases; 2/10/2024, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p1-11, 11p

مصطلحات موضوعية: POST-acute COVID-19 syndrome, SARS-CoV-2, ELECTRONIC health records, SYMPTOMS, TYPE 1 diabetes

مستخلص: Background: An increasing number of studies have described new and persistent symptoms and conditions as potential post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). However, it remains unclear whether certain symptoms or conditions occur more frequently among persons with SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with those never infected with SARS-CoV-2. We compared the occurrence of specific COVID-associated symptoms and conditions as potential PASC 31- to 150-day following a SARS-CoV-2 test among adults and children with positive and negative test results. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using electronic health record (EHR) data from 43 PCORnet sites participating in a national COVID-19 surveillance program. This study included 3,091,580 adults (316,249 SARS-CoV-2 positive; 2,775,331 negative) and 675,643 children (62,131 positive; 613,512 negative) who had a SARS-CoV-2 laboratory test during March 1, 2020–May 31, 2021 documented in their EHR. We used logistic regression to calculate the odds of having a symptom and Cox models to calculate the risk of having a newly diagnosed condition associated with a SARS-CoV-2 positive test. Results: After adjustment for baseline covariates, hospitalized adults and children with a positive test had increased odds of being diagnosed with ≥ 1 symptom (adults: adjusted odds ratio[aOR], 1.17[95% CI, 1.11–1.23]; children: aOR, 1.18[95% CI, 1.08–1.28]) or shortness of breath (adults: aOR, 1.50[95% CI, 1.38–1.63]; children: aOR, 1.40[95% CI, 1.15–1.70]) 31–150 days following a SARS-CoV-2 test compared with hospitalized individuals with a negative test. Hospitalized adults with a positive test also had increased odds of being diagnosed with ≥ 3 symptoms or fatigue compared with those testing negative. The risks of being newly diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes (adjusted hazard ratio[aHR], 1.25[95% CI, 1.17–1.33]), hematologic disorders (aHR, 1.19[95% CI, 1.11–1.28]), or respiratory disease (aHR, 1.44[95% CI, 1.30–1.60]) were higher among hospitalized adults with a positive test compared with those with a negative test. Non-hospitalized adults with a positive test also had higher odds or increased risk of being diagnosed with certain symptoms or conditions. Conclusions: Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially those who were hospitalized, were at higher risk of being diagnosed with certain symptoms and conditions after acute infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of BMC Infectious Diseases is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Yingkang Jin, Dongwei Zhang, Kuimiao Deng, Peiqiong Wu, Diyuan Yang, Zhiwei Xie, Wenjun Qiu, Guangyuan Yu

المصدر: BMC Infectious Diseases, Vol 23, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Respiratory syncytial virus, Mucin 1, cAMP, Protein kinase A, NF-κB, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216

الوصف: Abstract Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common pathogen associated with acute lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children worldwide. RSV commonly presents as bronchiolitis in young children; however, it can sometimes progress to pneumonia, respiratory failure, apnoea and even death. Although mucin1 (MUC1), a type of transmembrane glycoprotein present on airway epithelial surfaces, plays a crucial anti-inflammatory role in airway infections; however, its roles in RSV-associated acute lower respiratory tract infections have rarely been explored. In this study, we first revealed very high MUC1 protein levels in the exacerbation phase in sputum samples from children with RSV bronchiolitis. Because MUC1 is the downstream target of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in RSV-infected A549 cells, we observed the inhibition of NF-κB activity, main downstream signalling of TNF-α and remarkably reduced levels of MUC1 in RSV-infected and TNF-α treated A549 cells. Furthermore, the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) analogue (dbcAMP) downregulated the protein levels of p-IκBα and MUC1 in TNF-α-treated A549 cells. By contrast, a protein kinase A inhibitor (KT5720) up-regulated the levels of those proteins. dbcAMP and KT5720 had the same effects on MUC1 protein levels in RSV-infected A549 cells. In conclusion, we found that the cAMP-PKA-NF-κB pathway may play a role in the regulation of MUC-1 over-expression during RSV infection.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2334Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/ca032e19a8c344b782abdbf42698cfbaTest

المؤلفون: Xiaoyun Hu, Rong Li, Qi Li, Mengya Zang, Guosheng Yuan, Jinzhang Chen

المصدر: BMC Infectious Diseases, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), Reactivation, Tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF), Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216

الوصف: Key points Baseline HBV loads do not affect the prognosis of HCC patients receiving anti-PD-1 in combination with antiangiogenic therapy. Besides, PD-1 inhibitors do not aggravate HBV reactivation and hepatic impairment undergoing concurrent TAF prophylaxis.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2334Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/f2cb7053080949dc87d5066299cb2822Test