المؤلفون: Qiu, Shanhu, Bosnyák, Edit, Zügel, Martina, Steinacker, Jürgen Michael, Schumann, Uwe

المصدر: Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism. June 2020 64(3)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Autonomic function, irisin, heart rate, exercise

الوصف: Objective Autonomic nervous system, especially the sympathetic nervous system, may stimulate the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α, which regulates irisin. This study aimed to explore whether there was any association between autonomic function as assessed by heart rate related indices and irisin release following acute exercise. Subjects and methods Seventeen healthy adults were asked to perform an incremental exhaustive cycling as well as an incremental exhaustive running separately on different days. Heart rate was monitored, and blood samples were collected before, immediately, 10-, and 60-minutes post-exercise. Serum irisin was measured using ELISA kit. Results Markers for autonomic function, such as heart rate at rest, peak, or recovery, heart rate reserve, heart rate recovery, and chronotropic index, were comparable between cycling and running (all P > 0.10). Irisin was increased immediately following both exercise. No significant association was observed between heart rate at rest, peak, or recovery and irisin level at the corresponding time-point, as well as between heart rate reserve, heart rate recovery, or chronotropic index and exercise induced irisin release, with or without controlling for age, body mass index, and glucose (all P > 0.10). Conclusions Autonomic function might not be associated with irisin release in healthy adults. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2020;64(3):201-4

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الوصول الحر: http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2359-39972020000300201Test

المؤلفون: Bizjak, Daniel A., Zügel, Martina, Treff, Gunnar, Winkert, Kay, Jerg, Achim, Hudemann, Jens, Mooren, Frank C., Krüger, Karsten, Nieß, Andreas, Steinacker, Jürgen M.

المساهمون: Proft, Markus, Pascual-Ahuir, Amparo

مصطلحات موضوعية: training status, transcriptional regulation, endurance exercise, strength exercise, microarray, pathway analysis, molecular muscle adaptations, DDC 570 / Life sciences, Transcriptions, DNA microarrays

الوصف: The aim of this study was to investigate differences in skeletal muscle gene expression of highly trained endurance and strength athletes in comparison to untrained individuals at rest and in response to either an acute bout of endurance or strength exercise. Endurance (ET, n = 8, VO2max 67 ± 9 mL/kg/min) and strength athletes (ST, n = 8, 5.8 ± 3.0 training years) as well as untrained controls (E-UT and S-UT, each n = 8) performed an acute endurance or strength exercise test. One day before testing (Pre), 30 min (30′Post) and 3 h (180′Post) afterwards, a skeletal muscle biopsy was obtained from the m. vastus lateralis. Skeletal muscle mRNA was isolated and analyzed by Affymetrix-microarray technology. Pathway analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of training status (trained vs. untrained) and exercise mode-specific (ET vs. ST) transcriptional responses. Differences in global skeletal muscle gene expression between trained and untrained were smaller compared to differences in exercise mode. Maximum differences between ET and ST were found between Pre and 180′Post. Pathway analyses showed increased expression of exercise-related genes, such as nuclear transcription factors (NR4A family), metabolism and vascularization (PGC1-α and VEGF-A), and muscle growth/structure (myostatin, IRS1/2 and HIF1-α. The most upregulated genes in response to acute endurance or strength exercise were the NR4A genes (NR4A1, NR4A2, NR4A3). The mode of acute exercise had a significant effect on transcriptional regulation Pre vs. 180′Post. In contrast, the effect of training status on human skeletal muscle gene expression profiles was negligible compared to strength or endurance specialization. The highest variability in gene expression, especially for the NR4A-family, was observed in trained individuals at 180′Post. Assessment of these receptors might be suitable to obtain a deeper understanding of skeletal muscle adaptive processes to develop optimized training strategies. ; publishedVersion

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/ijms222212578/s1Test; http://dx.doi.org/10.18725/OPARU-47710Test; https://oparu.uni-ulm.de/xmlui/123456789/47786Test; http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-oparu-47786-9Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.18725/OPARU-47710Test
https://oparu.uni-ulm.de/xmlui/123456789/47786Test
http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-oparu-47786-9Test

المؤلفون: Harps, Lukas C., Bizjak, Daniel A., Girreser, Ulrich, Zügel, Martina, Steinacker, Jürgen M., Diel, Patrick, Parr, Maria Kristina

مصطلحات موضوعية: bioanalysis, biosynthesis, reference material, sports doping, beta-2 agonists, ddc:615

الوصف: The adrenergic beta-2 agonists formoterol and salbutamol are used for the treatment of asthma and COPD but are also misused in sports competitions. Therefore, they are included in WADA regulations. Both drugs are mainly excreted in urine after administration via inhalation. A four-armed, double-blind cross-over clinical trial was conducted involving endurance-trained participants (12 females and 12 males). Inhalation dosages of 36 μg formoterol, 1200 μg salbutamol, a combination of both, or a placebo were administered before exercise. Serum and urine were collected after exercise and 3 and 24 h after administration. Here, we show the successful quantitation of formoterol, salbutamol, and its phase II metabolite salbutamol-4′-O-sulfate in all urine and serum samples using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. In the serum analysis, results of up to 14.2 pg/mL formoterol, 10.0 ng/mL salbutamol, and 21.4 ng/mL salbutamol-4′-O-sulfate (calculated as salbutamol equivalent) were found. In urine, maximum concentrations (after deglucuronidation) were 17.2 ng/mL formoterol, 948.5 ng/mL salbutamol, and 2738.5 ng/mL salbutamol-4′-O-sulfate. Sex-specific differences in serum concentrations as well as in urinary excretion were observed. The results pronounce the importance of the implementation and elucidation of phase II metabolites to quantitation methods in antidoping.

وصف الملف: 23 Seiten; application/pdf

العلاقة: https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/40534Test; http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-40254Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.17169/refubium-40254Test
https://doi.org/10.3390/separations10070368Test
https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/40534Test

المؤلفون: Bizjak, Daniel A., Nussbaumer, Dorle, Winkert, Kay, Treff, Gunnar, Takabajashi, Kensuke, Mentz, Lennart, Schober, Franziska, Buhl, Jasmine-Lèonike, John, Lucas, Dreyhaupt, Jens, Steeb, Luise, Harps, Lukas C., Parr, Maria K., Diel, Patrick, Zügel, Martina, Steinacker, Jürgen M.

المساهمون: World Anti-Doping Agency, Universitätsklinikum Ulm

المصدر: Sports Medicine - Open ; volume 9, issue 1 ; ISSN 2198-9761

مصطلحات موضوعية: Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine

الوصف: Background High prevalence rates of β2-agonist use among athletes in competitive sports makes it tempting to speculate that illegitimate use of β2-agonists boosts performance. However, data regarding the potential performance-enhancing effects of inhaled β2-agonists and its underlying molecular basis are scarce. Methods In total, 24 competitive endurance athletes (12f/12m) participated in a clinical double-blinded balanced four-way block cross-over trial to investigate single versus combined effects of β2-agonists salbutamol (SAL) and formoterol (FOR), to evaluate the potential performance enhancement of SAL (1200 µg, Cyclocaps, Pb Pharma GmbH), FOR (36 µg, Sandoz, HEXAL AG) and SAL + FOR (1200 µg + 36 µg) compared to placebo (PLA, Gelatine capsules containing lactose monohydrate, Pharmacy of the University Hospital Ulm). Measurements included skeletal muscle gene and protein expression, endocrine regulation, urinary/serum β2-agonist concentrations, cardiac markers, cardiopulmonary and lung function testing and the 10-min time trial (TT) performance on a bicycle ergometer as outcome variables. Blood and urine samples were collected pre-, post-, 3 h post- and 24 h post-TT. Results Mean power output during TT was not different between study arms. Treatment effects regarding lung function ( p < 0.001), echocardiographic (left ventricular end-systolic volume p = 0.037; endocardial global longitudinal strain p < 0.001) and metabolic variables (e.g. NR4A2 and ATF3 pathway) were observed without any influence on performance. In female athletes, total serum β2-agonist concentrations for SAL and FOR were higher. Microarray muscle gene analysis showed a treatment effect for target genes in energy metabolism with strongest effect by SAL + FOR (NR4A2; p = 0.001). Of endocrine variables, follicle-stimulating hormone (3 h Post–Post-TT), luteinizing hormone (3 h Post–Pre-TT) and insulin (Post–Pre-TT) concentrations showed a treatment effect (all p < 0.05). Conclusions No endurance performance-enhancing effect ...

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-023-00630-3Test

المؤلفون: Beiter, Thomas¹ (AUTHOR) thomas.beiter@med.uni-tuebingen.de, Zügel, Martina² (AUTHOR) juergen.steinacker@uni-ulm.de, Hudemann, Jens¹ (AUTHOR) annunziata.fragasso@med.uni-tuebingen.de, Schild, Marius³ (AUTHOR) karsten.krueger@sport.uni-giessen.de, Fragasso, Annunziata¹ (AUTHOR) christof.burgstahler@med.uni-tuebingen.de, Burgstahler, Christof¹ (AUTHOR), Krüger, Karsten³ (AUTHOR), Mooren, Frank C.⁴ (AUTHOR) frank.mooren@uni-wh.de, Steinacker, Jürgen M.² (AUTHOR), Nieß, Andreas M.¹ (AUTHOR) andreas.niess@med.uni-tuebingen.de

المصدر: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. Mar2024, Vol. 25 Issue 5, p2881. 23p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *ISOMETRIC exercise, *MICROARRAY technology, *SKELETAL muscle, *GENE expression, *TRANSCRIPTOMES, *VASTUS lateralis, *YOUNG adults

مستخلص: A better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that are involved in skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise is fundamentally important to take full advantage of the enormous benefits that exercise training offers in disease prevention and therapy. The aim of this study was to elucidate the transcriptional signatures that distinguish the endurance-trained and untrained muscles in young adult males (24 ± 3.5 years). We characterized baseline differences as well as acute exercise-induced transcriptome responses in vastus lateralis biopsy specimens of endurance-trained athletes (ET; n = 8; VO2max, 67.2 ± 8.9 mL/min/kg) and sedentary healthy volunteers (SED; n = 8; VO2max, 40.3 ± 7.6 mL/min/kg) using microarray technology. A second cohort of SED volunteers (SED-T; n = 10) followed an 8-week endurance training program to assess expression changes of selected marker genes in the course of skeletal muscle adaptation. We deciphered differential baseline signatures that reflected major differences in the oxidative and metabolic capacity of the endurance-trained and untrained muscles. SED-T individuals in the training group displayed an up-regulation of nodal regulators of oxidative adaptation after 3 weeks of training and a significant shift toward the ET signature after 8 weeks. Transcriptome changes provoked by 1 h of intense cycling exercise only poorly overlapped with the genes that constituted the differential baseline signature of ETs and SEDs. Overall, acute exercise-induced transcriptional responses were connected to pathways of contractile, oxidative, and inflammatory stress and revealed a complex and highly regulated framework of interwoven signaling cascades to cope with exercise-provoked homeostatic challenges. While temporal transcriptional programs that were activated in SEDs and ETs were quite similar, the quantitative divergence in the acute response transcriptomes implicated divergent kinetics of gene induction and repression following an acute bout of exercise. Together, our results provide an extensive examination of the transcriptional framework that underlies skeletal muscle plasticity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Bizjak, Daniel Alexander, Zügel, Martina, Schumann, Uwe, Tully, Mark A., Dallmeier Rojas, Dhayana Elizabeth, Denkinger, Michael D., Steinacker, Jürgen M.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Health services for older individuals, Molecular adaptations, DDC 610 / Medicine & health, Physical fitness, Sedentary behavior, Aged, Health services, Muscle, Skeletal, Körperliche Leistungsfähigkeit, Muskel, Alter

الوصف: Background Inactive physical behavior among the elderly is one risk factor for cardiovascular disease, immobility and increased all-cause mortality. We aimed to answer the question whether or not circulating and skeletal muscle biomarkers are differentially expressed depending on fitness status in a group of elderly individuals. Methods Twenty-eight elderly individuals (73.36 ± 5.46 years) participated in this exploratory study after participating as part of the multinational SITLESS-clinical trial (implementation of self-management and exercise programs over 16 weeks). A cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) and resting skeletal muscle biopsy were performed to determine individual physiological performance capacity. Participants were categorized into a high physical fitness group (HPF) and a low physical fitness group (LPF) depending on peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak). Serum blood samples were taken before (pre) and after (post) CPX and were examined regarding serum BDNF, HSP70, Kynurenine, Irisin and Il-6 concentrations. Skeletal muscle tissue was analyzed by silver staining to determine the myosin heavy chain (MyHC) composition and selected genes by qRT-PCR. Results HPF showed lower body weight and body fat, while skeletal muscle mass and oxygen uptake at the first ventilatory threshold (VO2T1) did not differ between groups. There were positive associations between VO2peak and VO2VT1 in HPF and LPF. MyHC isoform quantification revealed no differences between groups. qRT-PCR showed higher expression of BDNF and BRCA1 in LPF skeletal muscle while there were no differences in other examined genes regarding energy metabolism. Basal serum concentrations of Irisin were higher in HPF compared to LPF with a trend towards higher values in BDNF and HSP70 in HPF. Increases in Il-6 in both groups were observed post. Conclusions Although no association between muscle composition/VO2peak with fitness status in older people was detected, higher basal Irisin serum levels in HPF revealed slightly beneficial molecular serum and ...

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العلاقة: https://bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12877-021-02666-0#Sec21Test; http://dx.doi.org/10.18725/OPARU-42054Test; https://oparu.uni-ulm.de/xmlui/123456789/42130Test; http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-oparu-42130-3Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.18725/OPARU-42054Test
https://oparu.uni-ulm.de/xmlui/123456789/42130Test
http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-oparu-42130-3Test

المؤلفون: Bizjak, Daniel Alexander, Treff, Gunnar, Zügel, Martina, Schumann, Uwe, Winkert, Kay, Schneider, Marion, Abendroth, Dietmar, Steinacker, Jürgen Michael

مصطلحات موضوعية: stress assessment, immune cells, recovery, DDC 610 / Medicine & health, Rowing, Inflammation, Stress, Physiological, Immunity, Entzündung, Immunozyt, Immunreaktion, Rudern

الوصف: Background: Metabolic stress is high during training and competition of Olympic rowers, but there is a lack of biomedical markers allowing to quantify training load on the molecular level. We aimed to identify such markers applying a complex approach involving inflammatory and immunologic variables. Methods: Eleven international elite male rowers (age 22.7 ± 2.4 yrs.; VO2max 71 ± 5 ml·min−1·kg−1) of the German National Rowing team were monitored at competition phase (COMP) vs. preparation phase (PREP), representing high vs. low load. Perceived stress and recovery were assessed by a Recovery Stress Questionnaire for Athletes (RESTQ-76 Sport). Immune cell activation (dendritic cell (DC)/macrophage/monocytes/T-cells) was evaluated via fluorescent activated cell sorting. Cytokines, High-Mobility Group Protein B1 (HMGB1), cell-free DNA (cfDNA), creatine kinase (CK), uric acid (UA), and kynurenine (KYN) were measured in venous blood. Results: Rowers experienced more general stress and less recovery during COMP, but sports-related stress and recovery did not differ from PREP. During COMP, DC/macrophage/monocyte and T-regulatory cells (Treg-cell) increased (p = 0.001 and 0.010). HMGB1 and cfDNA increased in most athletes during COMP (p = 0.001 and 0.048), while CK, UA, and KYN remained unaltered (p = 0.053, 0.304, and 0.211). Pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β (p = 0.002), TNF-α (p < 0.001), and the chemokine IL-8 (p = 0.001) were elevated during COMP, while anti-inflammatory Il-10 was lower (p = 0.002). Conclusion: COMP resulted in an increase in biomarkers reflecting tissue damage, with plausible evidence of immune cell activation that appeared to be compensated by anti-inflammatory mechanisms, such as Treg-cell proliferation. We suggest an anti-inflammatory and immunological matrix approach to optimize training load quantification in elite athletes. ; publishedVersion

وصف الملف: application/pdf; image/tiff

العلاقة: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.803863Test/ full#supplementary-material; http://dx.doi.org/10.18725/OPARU-42205Test; https://oparu.uni-ulm.de/xmlui/123456789/42281Test; http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-oparu-42281-3Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.18725/OPARU-42205Test
https://oparu.uni-ulm.de/xmlui/123456789/42281Test
http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-oparu-42281-3Test

المؤلفون: Schild, Marius, Eichner, Gerrit, Beiter, Thomas, Zügel, Martina, Krumholz-Wagner, Ilke, Hudemann, Jens, Pilat, Christian, Krüger, Karsten, Niess, Andreas M., Steinacker, Jürgen M., Mooren, Frank C.

مصطلحات موضوعية: ddc:610

الوصف: Acute physical exercise and repeated exercise stimuli affect whole-body metabolic and immunologic homeostasis. The aim of this study was to determine plasma protein profiles of trained (EET, n=19) and untrained (SED, n=17) individuals at rest and in response to an acute bout of endurance exercise. Participants completed a bicycle exercise test at an intensity corresponding to 80% of their VO2max. Plasma samples were taken before, directly after, and three hours after exercise and analyzed using multiplex immunoassays. Seventy-eight plasma variables were included in the final analysis. Twenty-nine variables displayed significant acute exercise effects in both groups. Seven proteins differed between groups, without being affected by acute exercise. Among these A2Macro and IL-5 were higher in EET individuals while leptin showed elevated levels in SED individuals. Fifteen variables revealed group and time differences with elevated levels for IL-3, IL-7, IL-10, and TNFR2 in EET individuals. An interaction effect could be observed for nine variables including IL-6, MMP-2, MMP-3, and muscle damage markers. The proteins that differ between groups indicate a long-term exercise effect on plasma protein concentrations. These findings might be of importance in the development of exercise-based strategies in the prevention and therapy of chronic metabolic and inflammatory diseases and for training monitoring.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hebis:26-opus-123161Test; https://jlupub.ub.uni-giessen.de//handle/jlupub/9220Test; http://dx.doi.org/10.22029/jlupub-8608Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.22029/jlupub-8608Test
https://jlupub.ub.uni-giessen.de//handle/jlupub/9220Test
http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hebis:26-opus-123161Test

المؤلفون: Bizjak, Daniel A., Zügel, Martina, Schumann, Uwe, Tully, Mark A., Dallmeier, Dhayana, Denkinger, Michael, Steinacker, Jürgen M.

المصدر: http://lobid.org/resources/99370673698106441Test#!, 21(1):697.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Exercise Test [MeSH], Aged [MeSH], Sedentary behavior, Humans [MeSH], Gene Expression [MeSH], Physical Fitness [MeSH], Health services for older individuals, Research, Molecular adaptations, Muscle, Skeletal [MeSH], Exercise [MeSH], Skeletal muscle, Physical fitness

الوصف: Background!#!Inactive physical behavior among the elderly is one risk factor for cardiovascular disease, immobility and increased all-cause mortality. We aimed to answer the question whether or not circulating and skeletal muscle biomarkers are differentially expressed depending on fitness status in a group of elderly individuals.!##!Methods!#!Twenty-eight elderly individuals (73.36 ± 5.46 years) participated in this exploratory study after participating as part of the multinational SITLESS-clinical trial (implementation of self-management and exercise programs over 16 weeks). A cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) and resting skeletal muscle biopsy were performed to determine individual physiological performance capacity. Participants were categorized into a high physical fitness group (HPF) and a low physical fitness group (LPF) depending on peak oxygen uptake (VO!##!Results!#!HPF showed lower body weight and body fat, while skeletal muscle mass and oxygen uptake at the first ventilatory threshold (VO!##!Conclusions!#!Although no association between muscle composition/VO!##!Trial registration!#!ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02629666 . Registered 19 November 2015.

العلاقة: https://repository.publisso.de/resource/frl:6443530Test; https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02666-0Test; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8672635Test/

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02666-0Test
https://repository.publisso.de/resource/frl:6443530Test
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8672635Test/

المؤلفون: Zügel, Martina, Treff, Gunnar, Steinacker, Jürgen M., Mayer, Benjamin, Winkert, Kay, Schumann, Uwe

مصطلحات موضوعية: soluble transferrin receptor, iron supplementation, DDC 610 / Medicine & health, Rowing, Ferritins, Transferrin, Inflammation, Hepcidins, Exercise, Receptors, Ferritin, Rudern, Ausdauersport

الوصف: The liver-derived hormone hepcidin plays a key role in iron metabolism by mediating the degradation of the iron export protein ferroportin 1 (FPN1). Circulating levels of hepcidin and the iron storage protein ferritin are elevated during the recovery period after acute endurance exercise, which can be interpreted as an acute phase reaction to intense exercise with far-reaching consequences for iron metabolism and homeostasis. Since absolute and functional iron deficiency (ID) potentially lead to a loss of performance and well-being, it is surprising that the cumulative effects of training stress on hepcidin levels and its interplay with cellular iron availability are not well described. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine serum levels of hepcidin at six time points during a 4-week training camp of junior world elite rowers preparing for the world championships and to relate the alterations in training load to overall iron status determined by serum ferritin, transferrin, iron, and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR). Serum hepcidin levels increased significantly (p = 0.02) during the initial increase in training load (23.24 ± 2.43 ng/ml) at day 7 compared to the start of training camp (11.47 ± 3.92 ng/ml) and turned back on day 13 (09.51 ± 3.59 ng/ml) already, meeting well the entrance level of hepcidin at day 0. Serum ferritin was significantly higher at day 7 compared to all other timepoints with exception of the subsequent time point at day 13 reflecting well the time course pattern of hepcidin. Non-significant changes between training phases were found for serum iron, transferrin, and sTfR levels as well as for transferrin saturation, and ferritin-index (sTfR/log ferritin). Our findings indicate that hepcidin as well as ferritin, both representing acute phase proteins, are sensitive to initial increases in training load. Erythropoiesis was unaffected by iron compartmentalization through hepcidin. We conclude that hepcidin is sensitive to rigorous changes in training load in junior world elite ...

وصف الملف: application/pdf; image/tiff

العلاقة: http://dx.doi.org/10.18725/OPARU-36661Test; https://oparu.uni-ulm.de/xmlui/123456789/36723Test; http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-oparu-36723-6Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.18725/OPARU-36661Test
https://oparu.uni-ulm.de/xmlui/123456789/36723Test
http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-oparu-36723-6Test