المؤلفون: Choudhury, R, Birks, J, Mani, V, Biasiolli, L, Robson, M, L'Allier, P, Gingras, M, Alie, N, McLaughlin, M, Basson, C, Schecter, A, Svensson, E, Zhang, Y, Yates, D, Tardif, J, Fayad, Z

الوصف: BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that interleukin (IL)-1β is important in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and its complications and that inhibiting IL-1β may favorably affect vascular disease progression. OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of IL-1β inhibition with canakinumab versus placebo on arterial structure and function, determined by magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS: Patients (N = 189) with atherosclerotic disease and either type 2 diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance were randomized to receive placebo (n = 94) or canakinumab 150 mg monthly (n = 95) for 12 months. They underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the carotid arteries and aorta. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between canakinumab compared with placebo in the primary efficacy and safety endpoints. There was no statistically significant change in mean carotid wall area and no effect on aortic distensibility, measured at 3 separate anatomic sites. The change in mean carotid artery wall area was -3.37 mm(2) after 12 months with canakinumab versus placebo. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein was significantly reduced by canakinumab compared with placebo at 3 months (geometric mean ratio [GMR]: 0.568; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.436 to 0.740; p < 0.0001) and 12 months (GMR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.414 to 0.758; p = 0.0002). Lipoprotein(a) levels were reduced by canakinumab compared with placebo (-4.30 mg/dl [range: -8.5 to -0.55 mg/dl]; p = 0.025] at 12 months), but triglyceride levels increased (GMR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.046 to 1.380; p = 0.01). In these patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance, canakinumab had no effect compared with placebo on any of the measures assessed by using a standard oral glucose tolerance test. CONCLUSIONS: There were no statistically significant effects of canakinumab on measures of vascular structure or function. Canakinumab reduced markers of inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and interleukin-6), and there were ...

العلاقة: https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a31d1277-9da0-4033-ba07-e3bac6c15deaTest; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2016.07.768Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2016.07.768Test
https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a31d1277-9da0-4033-ba07-e3bac6c15deaTest

المؤلفون: Yates, D. T., Salisbury, M. W., Ross, T. T., Anderson, H.

المصدر: Texas Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources; Vol. 23 (2010); 12-18 ; 2165-1205

مصطلحات موضوعية: heat stress, kelp extract, seaweed extract, Tasco-14, Boer goats

الوصف: The current study examined effects of supplementation of Tasco-14 (seaweed, kelp extract) on growth and fertility in young male goats experiencing heat stress. Twenty young Boer males (27.8 ± 1.5 kg) were grouped randomly into 1 of 4 dry-lot pens and maintained on a free choice high-energy diet. Goats received either supplementation of Tasco-14 (35 g/week, oral) or no supplementation (control) for an 84-day period, during which weekly average high temperatures ranged from 32.1-38.2 °C. Data were collected for scrotal growth, average daily gain (ADG), final live-animal ribeye area (REA), bi-weekly rectal temperature, final sperm cell concentration, and final sperm motility score. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed between supplemented and control males for scrotal circumference growth, REA, or ADG. Rectal temperature was greater (P = 0.010) in males receiving Tasco-14 than in controls. Although no difference (P = 0.232) was observed between treatments for sperm motility score, sperm cell concentration was greater (P = 0.036) in supplemented males than in controls. Thus, sperm cell motility was unaffected and sperm cell concentration was improved by supplementation of Tasco-14 in growing males experiencing heat stress, despite marginally increased body temperature.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: https://txjanr.agintexas.org/index.php/txjanr/article/view/58/44Test; https://txjanr.agintexas.org/index.php/txjanr/article/view/58Test

الإتاحة: https://txjanr.agintexas.org/index.php/txjanr/article/view/58Test

المؤلفون: Kehoe, A, Smith, J E, Bouamra, O, Edwards, A, Yates, D, Lecky, F

المصدر: Emergency Medicine Journal ; volume 33, issue 6, page 381-385 ; ISSN 1472-0205 1472-0213

الوصف: Introduction Recent evidence suggests that presenting GCS may be higher in older rather than younger patients for an equivalent anatomical severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The aim of this study was to confirm these observations using a national trauma database and to test explanatory hypotheses. Methods The Trauma Audit Research Network database was interrogated to identify all adult cases of severe isolated TBI from 1988 to 2013. Cases were categorised by age into those under 65 years and those 65 years and older. Median presenting GCS was compared between the groups at abbreviated injury score (AIS) level (3, 4 and 5). Comparisons were repeated for subgroups defined by mechanism of injury and type of isolated intracranial injury. Results 25 082 patients with isolated TBI met the inclusion criteria, 10 936 in the older group and 14 146 in the younger group. Median or distribution of presenting GCS differed between groups at each AIS level. AIS 3: 14 (11–15) vs 15 (13–15), AIS 4: 14 (9–15) vs 14 (13–15), AIS 5: 9 (4–14) vs 14 (5–15) all p<0.001. Similar differences between the groups were observed across all mechanisms of injury and types of isolated intracranial injury. We detected no influence of gender on results. Conclusions For an equivalent severity of intracranial injury, presenting GCS is higher in older patients than in the young. This observation is unlikely to be explained by differences in mechanism of injury or types of intracranial injury between the two groups.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2015-205180Test

المؤلفون: Kwan, C, Arteaga Saenz, J, Aldhaher, S, Yates, D, Mitcheson, P

المساهمون: Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (E

المصدر: IEEE PELS WoW 2020 ; 282 ; 278

جغرافية الموضوع: Seoul, Korea (Virtual)

الوصف: This paper presents a 600 W electric scooter wireless charging solution operating at a frequency of 6.78 MHz. At the transmitter end, a load-independent Class EF push-pull(differential) inverter with GaN transistors was used to drive a 33 cm square-shaped copper pipe coil. A full-wave voltage-triplerClass D rectifier with silicon Schottky diodes was connected to a24 cm-by-26 cm trapezoidal receiver coil (also made of copperpipe) mounted underneath the steel frame of the scooter. In order to reduce the eddy current and magnetic losses in the steel chassis, parts of the electric scooter frame were shielded with copper tape. With the battery recharging in situ at 600 W,the IPT system achieved a DC-to-DC efficiency of 84 %.

العلاقة: 2020 IEEE PELS Workshop on Emerging Technologies: Wireless Power Transfer (WoW); http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/83619Test; EP/R511547/1; 73719 (EP/R029504/1); Ref: R122041-101/86440

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1109/WoW47795.2020.9291303Test
http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/83619Test

المؤلفون: Calderon-Lopez, G., Todd, R., Forsyth, A. J., Wang, J., Wang, W., Yuan, X., Aldhaher, S., Kwan, C., Yates, D., Mitcheson, P. D.

المساهمون: Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council

المصدر: 2020 IEEE 9th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (IPEMC2020-ECCE Asia)

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1109/ipemc-ecceasia48364.2020.9367822Test
http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx7/9367608/9367628/09367822.pdf?arnumber=9367822Test

المؤلفون: Kehoe, A., Smith, J.E., Edwards, A., Yates, D., Lecky, F.

الوصف: Aim Major trauma (MT) has traditionally been viewed as a disease of young men caused by high-energy transfer mechanisms of injury, which has been reflected in the configuration of MT services. With ageing populations in Western societies, it is anticipated that the elderly will comprise an increasing proportion of the MT workload. The aim of this study was to describe changes in the demographics of MT in a developed Western health system over the last 20 years. Methods The Trauma Audit Research Network (TARN) database was interrogated to identify all cases of MT (injury severity score >15) between 1990 and the end of 2013. Age at presentation, gender, mechanism of injury and use of CT were recorded. For convenience, cases were categorised by age groups of 25 years and by common mechanisms of injury. Longitudinal changes each year were recorded. Results Profound changes in the demographics of recorded MT were observed. In 1990, the mean age of MT patients within the TARN database was 36.1, the largest age group suffering MT was 0–24 years (39.3%), the most common causative mechanism was road traffic collision (59.1%), 72.7% were male and 33.6% underwent CT. By 2013, mean age had increased to 53.8 years, the single largest age group was 25–50 years (27.1%), closely followed by those >75 years (26.9%), the most common mechanism was low falls (39.1%), 68.3% were male and 86.8% underwent CT. Conclusions This study suggests that the MT population identified in the UK is becoming more elderly, and the predominant mechanism that precipitates MT is a fall from <2 m. Significant improvements in outcomes from MT may be expected if services targeting the specific needs of the elderly are developed within MT centres.

وصف الملف: text

العلاقة: https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/115411/1/The%20changing%20face%20of%20major%20trauma%20in%20the%20UK.pdfTest; Kehoe, A., Smith, J.E., Edwards, A. et al. (2 more authors) (2015) The changing face of major trauma in the UK. Emergency Medicine Journal, 32 (12). pp. 911-915. ISSN 1472-0205

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2015-205265Test
https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/115411Test/
https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/115411/1/The%20changing%20face%20of%20major%20trauma%20in%20the%20UK.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Kehoe, A., Smith, J.E., Bouamra, O., Edwards, A., Yates, D., Lecky, F.

الوصف: Background The Global Burden of Diseases (GBD), Injuries, and Risk Factors study used the disability-adjusted life year (DALY) to quantify the burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors. This paper provides an overview of injury estimates from the 2013 update of GBD, with detailed information on incidence, mortality, DALYs and rates of change from 1990 to 2013 for 26 causes of injury, globally, by region and by country. Methods Injury mortality was estimated using the extensive GBD mortality database, corrections for ill-defined cause of death and the cause of death ensemble modelling tool. Morbidity estimation was based on inpatient and outpatient data sets, 26 cause-of-injury and 47 nature-of-injury categories, and seven follow-up studies with patient-reported long-term outcome measures. Results In 2013, 973 million (uncertainty interval (UI) 942 to 993) people sustained injuries that warranted some type of healthcare and 4.8 million (UI 4.5 to 5.1) people died from injuries. Between 1990 and 2013 the global age-standardised injury DALY rate decreased by 31% (UI 26% to 35%). The rate of decline in DALY rates was significant for 22 cause-of-injury categories, including all the major injuries. Conclusions Injuries continue to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed and developing world. The decline in rates for almost all injuries is so prominent that it warrants a general statement that the world is becoming a safer place to live in. However, the patterns vary widely by cause, age, sex, region and time and there are still large improvements that need to be made.

وصف الملف: text

العلاقة: https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/102249/1/Inj%20Prev-2016-Haagsma-3-18.pdfTest; Kehoe, A., Smith, J.E., Bouamra, O. et al. (3 more authors) (2015) Older patients with traumatic brain injury present with a higher GCS score than younger patients for a given severity of injury. Emergency Medicine Journal , 33 (6). 381-+. ISSN 1472-0205

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2015-205180Test
https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/102249Test/
https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/102249/1/Inj%20Prev-2016-Haagsma-3-18.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Hunt, P, Bouamra, O, Jenks, T, Lecky, FE, Edwards, A, Woodford, M, Yates, D, Han, K

مصطلحات موضوعية: RCEM FREE PAPERS

الوصف: Objectives & Background Whole Body Computed Tomography (WBCT) scanning is considered to be the chief imaging modality for patients with major trauma. There is growing evidence that the rate of survival is higher for patients undergoing early WBCT by facilitating rapid and accurate anatomical characterisation of potentially life-threatening injuries. There remains ongoing controversy whether this outweighs the potential risks from high-dose ionising radiation. Methods Data from the Trauma Audit and Research Network (TARN) trauma registry was analysed for all patients presenting from January 2005 to July 2014 inclusive aged 16 years or more admitted directly to hospital Emergency Departments (ED) with suspected severe blunt polytrauma. Survival was compared between two groups: (1) patients who underwent WBCT scans, and (2) those who underwent a focused CT (“non-WBCT”) scanning approach within the first four hours of arrival at the ED. Results 14,598 (23·2%) of 62,942 eligible cases underwent WBCT directly from the ED within four hours of arrival. The calculated crude survival rate for the WBCT group was 89·2%, compared to 88·9% in the non-WBCT group (p=0·260). The results of multivariate regression analysis, taking account of all possible confounders, demonstrated a trend towards improved survival in the WBCT scan group, with an OR=1·080 (95% CI 0·986–1·183) compared to the non-WBCT group (p=0·098). Conclusion The results of our investigation demonstrate a trend towards improved survival for adult patients with suspected severe blunt polytrauma undergoing WBCT scanning early in their management in the ED. Our analysis of the largest series of trauma cases investigating WBCT so far is the first to take account of all possible confounding factors including centre effect – often a major limitation for generalisability in previous studies of this kind. The existing evidence for the use of WBCT during the management of major trauma is also discussed in the context of these new results

وصف الملف: text/html

العلاقة: http://emj.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/32/12/987Test; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2015-205372.24Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2015-205372.24Test
http://emj.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/32/12/987Test

المؤلفون: Devereux, R., Mosher, J. J., Vishnivetskaya, T. A., Brown, S. D., Beddick, D. L., Yates, D. F., Palumbo, A. V.

المساهمون: U.S. Department of Energy

المصدر: Geobiology ; volume 13, issue 5, page 478-493 ; ISSN 1472-4677 1472-4669

الوصف: Biogeochemical changes in marine sediments during coastal water hypoxia are well described, but less is known about underlying changes in microbial communities. Bacterial and archaeal communities in Louisiana continental shelf ( LCS ) hypoxic zone sediments were characterized by pyrosequencing 16S rRNA V4‐region gene fragments obtained by PCR amplification of community genomic DNA with bacterial‐ or archaeal‐specific primers. Duplicate LCS sediment cores collected during hypoxia had higher concentrations of Fe( II ), and dissolved inorganic carbon, phosphate, and ammonium than cores collected when overlying water oxygen concentrations were normal. Pyrosequencing yielded 158 686 bacterial and 225 591 archaeal sequences from 20 sediment samples, representing five 2‐cm depth intervals in the duplicate cores. Bacterial communities grouped by sampling date and sediment depth in a neighbor‐joining analysis using Chao–Jaccard shared species values. Redundancy analysis indicated that variance in bacterial communities was mainly associated with differences in sediment chemistry between oxic and hypoxic water column conditions. Gammaproteobacteria (26.5%) were most prominent among bacterial sequences, followed by Firmicutes (9.6%), and Alphaproteobacteria (5.6%). Crenarchaeotal, thaumarchaeotal, and euryarchaeotal lineages accounted for 57%, 27%, and 16% of archaeal sequences, respectively. In Thaumarchaeota Marine Group I, sequences were 96–99% identical to the Nitrosopumilus maritimus SCM 1 sequence, were highest in surficial sediments, and accounted for 31% of archaeal sequences when waters were normoxic vs. 13% of archaeal sequences when waters were hypoxic. Redundancy analysis showed Nitrosopumilus ‐related sequence abundance was correlated with high solid‐phase Fe( III ) concentrations, whereas most of the remaining archaeal clusters were not. In contrast, crenarchaeotal sequences were from phylogenetically diverse lineages, differed little in relative abundance between sampling times, and increased to high ...

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12142Test

المؤلفون: Middleton, J W, Piccenna, L, Lindsay Gruen, R, Williams, S, Creasey, G, Dunlop, S, Brown, D, Batchelor, P E, Berlowitz, D J, Coates, S, Dunn, J A, Furness, J B, Galea, M P, Geraghty, T, Kwon, B K, Urquhart, S, Yates, D, Bragge, P

المصدر: Spinal Cord ; volume 53, issue 10, page 729-737 ; ISSN 1362-4393 1476-5624

مصطلحات موضوعية: Neurology (clinical), Neurology, General Medicine

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1038/sc.2015.87Test
http://www.nature.com/articles/sc201587.pdfTest
http://www.nature.com/articles/sc201587Test