المؤلفون: Wen Jin, Soo-Yeon Park, Yo-Han Kim, Sung-Jae Kim, Jeong-Hee Han

المصدر: Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 125-131 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: mycotoxin, swine farm, feed, afla, zen, don, fum, ota, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100

الوصف: Objectives: To update recent information on contamination levels of mycotoxins in South Korea. Materials and methods: A total of 208 samples sourced from the feeds of swine farms were collected. The contamination levels of mycotoxins, which are aflatoxin (Afla), ochratoxin A (OTA), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN), fumonisin (FUM), and T-2 toxin, were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Results: The detection levels of the total samples were 78.91% for DON, 75.24% for Afla, 47.02% for ZEN, 68.31% for FUM, and 5.94% for OTA and T-2, which were not detected at all. Most of the analyzed mycotoxins showed significant high occurrences in 47.02%–78.91% of the swine feed samples. 11 of the 152 alfa-positive samples exceeded the maximum residue limit (MRL) of Afla proposed by the Korean regulation. In the analysis of mycotoxin detection levels by growth stage, ZEN was found in the nursery stage at a remarkably high concentration level (126.46 ± 63.76 ppb), exceeding the MRL of ZEN for piglets proposed by the European Commission. This mycotoxin was also found in the samples from the gestation barn (89.04 ± 46.05 ppb) and the farrowing house (105.58 ± 94.12) at a high concentration level. Afla was found in the nursery stage at a high concentration (8.00 ± 2.22 ppb), approaching the MRL (10 ppb) of Afla proposed by the Korean regulation. Conclusion: These results indicate that many swine farms in South Korea are still exposed to mycotoxin risk, and special attention and surveillance are necessary for these mycotoxin risks in swine farms. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2024; 11(1.000): 125-131]

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://bdvets.org/JAVAR/?mno=174115Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2311-7710Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/58c9b523b0bb482b8cc1f66b2cc2d9f6Test

المؤلفون: Xiaochuan Liu, Hao Chen, Zekun Li, Xiaoxiao Yang, Wen Jin, Yuting Wang, Jian Zheng, Long Li, Chenghao Xuan, Jiapei Yuan, Yang Yang

المصدر: Nature Communications, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Science

الوصف: Abstract Alternative polyadenylation can occur in introns, termed intronic polyadenylation (IPA), has been implicated in diverse biological processes and diseases, as it can produce noncoding transcripts or transcripts with truncated coding regions. However, a reliable method is required to accurately characterize IPA. Here, we propose a computational method called InPACT, which allows for the precise characterization of IPA from conventional RNA-seq data. InPACT successfully identifies numerous previously unannotated IPA transcripts in human cells, many of which are translated, as evidenced by ribosome profiling data. We have demonstrated that InPACT outperforms other methods in terms of IPA identification and quantification. Moreover, InPACT applied to monocyte activation reveals temporally coordinated IPA events. Further application on single-cell RNA-seq data of human fetal bone marrow reveals the expression of several IPA isoforms in a context-specific manner. Therefore, InPACT represents a powerful tool for the accurate characterization of IPA from RNA-seq data.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2041-1723Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/c91a13615d854daf82986671bf5900e0Test

المؤلفون: Huang Ning, Jin Xin, Wen Jin-Tao, Zhang Yi-Fei, Yang Xu, Wei Guang-Yu, Wang Yi-Kun, Qin Min

المصدر: Polish Journal of Microbiology, Vol 73, Iss 1, Pp 29-38 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: bacillus subtilis, tobacco target spot, rhizoctonia solani, plant growth promotion, biocontrol potential, Genetics, QH426-470, Microbiology, QR1-502

الوصف: Fungal diseases form perforated disease spots in tobacco plants, resulting in a decline in tobacco yield and quality. The present study investigated the antagonistic effect of Bacillus subtilis CTXW 7-6-2 against Rhizoctonia solani, its ability to promote the growth of tobacco seedlings, and the expression of disease resistance-related genes for efficient and eco-friendly plant disease control. Our results showed that CTXW 7-6-2 had the most vigorous growth after being cultured for 96 h, and its rate of inhibition of R. solani growth in vitro was 94.02%. The volatile compounds produced by CTXW 7-6-2 inhibited the growth of R. solani significantly (by 96.62%). The fungal growthinhibition rate of the B. subtilis CTXW 7-6-2 broth obtained after high-temperature and no-high-temperature sterile fermentation was low, at 50.88% and 54.63%, respectively. The lipopeptides extracted from the B. subtilis CTXW 7-6-2 fermentation broth showed a 74.88% fungal growth inhibition rate at a concentration of 100 mg/l. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy showed some organelle structural abnormalities, collapse, shrinkage, blurring, and dissolution in the R. solani mycelia. In addition, CTXW 7-6-2 increased tobacco seedling growth and improved leaf and root weight compared to the control. After CTXW 7-6-2 inoculation, tobacco leaves showed the upregulation of the PDF1.2, PPO, and PAL genes, which are closely related to target spot disease resistance. In conclusion, B. subtilis CTXW 7-6-2 may be an efficient biological control agent in tobacco agriculture and enhance plant growth potential.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2544-4646Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/51d9966f3678483cbe384c442a658d90Test

المؤلفون: Guangying Sheng, Fuyu Li, Wen Jin, Kankan Wang

المصدر: Scientific Reports, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine, Science

الوصف: Abstract The chromosome 20 long arm (20q) is one of the genomic hotspots where copy number alterations frequently occur in multiple types of tumors. However, it remains elusive which genes are implicated in 20q-related tumorigenesis. Here, by querying TCGA and GEO databases, we observed frequent copy number amplification at 20q and the chromosome subband 20q13.33 was amplificated in multiple cancers. Among those genes at 20q13.33, PSMA7 was found with the strongest correlation with cancers. Further analysis revealed that PSMA7 amplification was the most frequent genetic alteration event conferring adverse prognosis in various cancers. Consistent with the strong positive correlation between PSMA7 amplification and gene expression, elevated PSMA7 expression was observed in 20 of 33 types of cancers with a close link to adverse outcomes in certain tumors. In addition, PSMA7 was essential for the growth of almost 1095 cancer lines. Mechanistically, aberrant PSMA7 most probably influenced the proteasome and protease-related pathways to promote tumorigenesis and might be antagonized by several compounds, e.g., Docetaxel in relevant cancers. The current in-depth pan-cancer analysis refines our understanding of the crucial oncogenic role of copy number amplifications at PSMA7 loci at the novel chromosome amplicon 20q13.33 across different tumors.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/2228b78b6fa343bd9c5669fe6bd5872dTest

المؤلفون: Wen Jin, Yuting Dai, Li Chen, Honghu Zhu, Fangyi Dong, Hongming Zhu, Guoyu Meng, Junmin Li, Saijuan Chen, Zhu Chen, Hai Fang, Kankan Wang

المصدر: Nature Communications, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Science

الوصف: Abstract Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) represents a paradigm for targeted differentiation therapy, with a minority of patients experiencing treatment failure and even early death. We here report a comprehensive single-cell analysis of 16 APL patients, uncovering cellular compositions and their impact on all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) response in vivo and early death. We unveil a cellular differentiation hierarchy within APL blasts, rooted in leukemic stem-like cells. The oncogenic PML/RARα fusion protein exerts branch-specific regulation in the APL trajectory, including stem-like cells. APL cohort analysis establishes an association of leukemic stemness with elevated white blood cell counts and FLT3-ITD mutations. Furthermore, we construct an APL-specific stemness score, which proves effective in assessing early death risk. Finally, we show that ATRA induces differentiation of primitive blasts and patients with early death exhibit distinct stemness-associated transcriptional programs. Our work provides a thorough survey of APL cellular hierarchies, offering insights into cellular dynamics during targeted therapy.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2041-1723Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/8faf8f577f5841a1af926a0e17e57d1fTest

المؤلفون: Zekun Li, Gerui Liu, Xiaoxiao Yang, Meng Shu, Wen Jin, Yang Tong, Xiaochuan Liu, Yuting Wang, Jiapei Yuan, Yang Yang

المصدر: Genome Medicine, Vol 16, Iss 1, Pp 1-18 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Tumor microenvironment, Cell-type-specific, Interactome network, Immune cells, Medicine, Genetics, QH426-470

الوصف: Abstract Background Biological processes are controlled by groups of genes acting in concert. Investigating gene–gene interactions within different cell types can help researchers understand the regulatory mechanisms behind human complex diseases, such as tumors. Methods We collected extensive single-cell RNA-seq data from tumors, involving 563 patients with 44 different tumor types. Through our analysis, we identified various cell types in tumors and created an atlas of different immune cell subsets across different tumor types. Using the SCINET method, we reconstructed interactome networks specific to different cell types. Diverse functional data was then integrated to gain biological insights into the networks, including somatic mutation patterns and gene functional annotation. Additionally, genes with prognostic relevance within the networks were also identified. We also examined cell–cell communications to investigate how gene interactions modulate cell–cell interactions. Results We developed a data portal called CellNetdb for researchers to study cell-type-specific interactome networks. Our findings indicate that these networks can be used to identify genes with topological specificity in different cell types. We also found that prognostic genes can deconvolved into cell types through analyzing network connectivity. Additionally, we identified commonalities and differences in cell-type-specific networks across different tumor types. Our results suggest that these networks can be used to prioritize risk genes. Conclusions This study presented CellNetdb, a comprehensive repository featuring an atlas of cell-type-specific interactome networks across 44 human tumor types. The findings underscore the utility of these networks in delineating the intricacies of tumor microenvironments and advancing the understanding of molecular mechanisms underpinning human tumors.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1756-994XTest

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/08e9301be9f74551aa8def5ec6712e39Test

المؤلفون: Nishant Mohan, Safiat Ayinde, Hanjing Peng, Shraboni Dutta, Yi Shen, Vincent M. Falkowski, Thomas G. Biel, Tongzhong Ju, Wen Jin Wu

المصدر: Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 15 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: bispecific antibody, bispecific T-cell engager, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3), dual variable domain immunoglobulins (DVD-Ig), Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607

الوصف: Bispecific T-cell-engaging antibodies are a growing class of therapeutics with numerous molecules being tested in clinical trials and, currently, seven of them have received market approval. They are structurally complex and function as adaptors to redirect the cytotoxicity of T cells to kill tumor cells. T-cell-engaging bispecific antibodies can be generally divided into two categories: IgG/IgG-like and non-IgG-like formats. Different formats may have different intrinsic potencies and physiochemical properties, and comprehensive studies are needed to gain a better understanding of how the differences in formats impact on structural and functional characteristics. In this study, we designed and generated bispecific T-cell-engaging antibodies with IgG-like (DVD-Ig) and non-IgG (BiTE) formats. Both target the same pair of antigens (EGFR and CD3) to minimize the possible influence of targets on functional characterization. We performed a side-by-side comparison to assess differences in the physiochemical and biological properties of these two bispecific T-cell-engaging antibodies using a variety of breast and ovarian cancer cell-based functional assays to delineate the structural–functional relationships and anti-tumor activities/potency. We found that the Fc portion of T-cell-engaging bispecific antibodies can significantly impact antigen binding activity, potency, and stability in addition to eliciting different mechanisms of action that contribute the killing of cancer cells.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1376096/fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/dbf1c1fe10a948ab9b2cbafb34182d8cTest

المؤلفون: Geng Tian, David Karasik, Jianguo Tao, Wen Jin, Haisheng Zhang, Pianpian Zhao, Zhimin Ying, Chengda Yuan, Ao Dong, Xiangjiao Yi, Mengyuan Yang, Weiliang Tian, Houfeng Zheng

المصدر: General Psychiatry, Vol 37, Iss 3 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Psychiatry, RC435-571

الوصف: Background There is limited evidence suggesting that osteoporosis might exacerbate depressive symptoms, while more studies demonstrate that depression negatively affects bone density and increases fracture risk.Aims To explore the relationship between major depressive disorder (MDD) and fracture risk.Methods We conducted a nested case-control analysis (32 670 patients with fracture and 397 017 individuals without fracture) and a matched cohort analysis (16 496 patients with MDD and 435 492 individuals without MDD) in the same prospective UK Biobank data set. Further, we investigated the shared genetic architecture between MDD and fracture with linkage disequilibrium score regression and the MiXeR statistical tools. We used the conditional/conjunctional false discovery rate approach to identify the specific shared loci. We calculated the weighted genetic risk score for individuals in the UK Biobank and logistic regression was used to confirm the association observed in the prospective study.Results We found that MDD was associated with a 14% increase in fracture risk (hazard ratio (HR) 1.14, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.15, p

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://gpsych.bmj.com/content/37/3/e101418.fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2517-729XTest

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/3d04676d6699440aa495d84fc9c04360Test

المؤلفون: Hanjing Peng, Yukinori Endo, Wen Jin Wu

المصدر: Cancers, Vol 16, Iss 13, p 2367 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: monoclonal antibody (mAb), antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, cryopreserved effector cells, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), natural killer (NK) cells, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282

الوصف: The mechanisms of mAb-induced ADCC have been well established. However, the ADCC bioassays used to quantify mAb-induced ADCC require continued development/refinement to properly assess and compare the potency of newly developed therapeutic mAbs and biosimilars to meet regulatory requirements. We used trastuzumab and a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)-based ADCC bioassay as a model to define critical parameters of the ADCC bioassay, describing how several bioassay parameters, including preparation of effector cells, E/T ratio, target cell selection, bioassay media components, and treatment time can influence the data quality of the ADCC activity. We confirm that a 4 to 24 h recovery cultivation is required to restore peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and natural killer (NK) cell activity toward ADCC when using cryopreserved PBMCs. Furthermore, we delineated the cellular mechanisms underlying the restored ADCC activity following the recovery cultivation. We observed that CD69, an early marker of NK cell activation, was upregulated and a new subset CD56dim/CD16dim population was dramatically increased in the recovered NK cells, which led to an increase in expression and secretion of perforin, granzyme B, and cytokine production. This study provides comprehensive technical insights into ADCC bioassay optimization to inform trastuzumab biosimilar development. The knowledge gained from this study can also be leveraged to guide bioassay development for therapeutic mAbs with ADCC as the primary mechanism of action.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/13/2367Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/63d2bda9fda04617b1d0656ba3b39a93Test

المؤلفون: WEI Mengchao, WANG Wenda, WANG Shijun, ZHANG Zhijun, WEN Jin

المصدر: Xiehe Yixue Zazhi, Vol 14, Iss 4, Pp 802-807 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: bladder diverticula, laparoscopy, cystoscopy, efficacy, safety, Medicine

الوصف: Objective To exploratively analyze the efficacy and safety of combined laparoscopy and cystoscopy in the treatment of bladder diverticula. Methods Clinical data of patients who received bladder diverticulectomy in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from March 2007 to September 2022 were retrospectively collected.The patients were divided into open/laparoscopy alone group and combined laparoscopy and cystoscopy group based on surgical approach.Surgery-related outcomes and complication rates were compared. Results A total of 11 patients with bladder diverticula who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in thestudy, including 6 patients in the open/laparoscopy alone group and 5 patients in the combined laparoscopy and cystoscopy group.The median maximum diameter of diverticula in the open/laparoscopy alone group and combined laparoscopy and cystoscopy group were 7.5(4.5, 11.5) cm and 5.2(5.0, 7.9) cm, respectively, and the median diameter of diverticula neck were 1.1(1.0, 1.6) cm and 1.5(1.1, 1.8) cm, respectively.Operations were successfully performed in both two groups and the patients had normal urination after drawing the catheter.No recurrence of bladder diverticulum at 6 to 60 months of follow-up.The median operative time[150.0(142.5, 180.0) min vs. 160.0(108.8, 300.0) min], blood loss[50.0(35.0, 50.0) mL vs. 50.0(45.0, 62.5) mL]and indwelling time of drainage tube[5.0(3.5, 5.5) d vs. 4.5(4.0, 6.8) d]were similar between the two group.Compared to the open/laparoscopy alone group, the combined laparoscopy and cystoscopy group had a shorter postoperative hospital stay[6.0(6.0, 8.5) d vs. 9.5(7.0, 16.0) d]and longer indwelling time of urinary catheter[14.0(10.5, 14.0) d vs. 11.5(6.5, 13.3) d].No complications occurred in the combined laparoscopy and cystoscopy group.In the open/laparoscopy alone group, 2 patients underwent postoperative complications, including 1 patient with deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities and 1 patient with hyperpyrexia. Conclusion Preliminary results show that cystoscopy combined with laparoscopic resection for bladder diverticula can achieve similar outcomes as open surgery alone or laparoscopic surgery, and with greater safety and faster postoperative patient recovery.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1674-9081Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/9e2dbcd038a644469dd357542d777dfeTest