المؤلفون: Rohila, Varan Singh, Lalwani, Neeraj, Basyal, Lochan

مصطلحات موضوعية: Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence

الوصف: Early diagnosis of the cancer cells is necessary for making an effective treatment plan and for the health and safety of a patient. Nowadays, doctors usually use a histological grade that pathologists determine by performing a semi-quantitative analysis of the histopathological and cytological features of hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stained histopathological images. This research contributes a potential classification model for cancer prognosis to efficiently utilize the valuable information underlying the HE-stained histopathological images. This work uses the PatchCamelyon benchmark datasets and trains them in a multi-layer perceptron and convolution model to observe the model's performance in terms of precision, Recall, F1 Score, Accuracy, and AUC Score. The evaluation result shows that the baseline convolution model outperforms the baseline MLP model. Also, this paper introduced ResNet50 and InceptionNet models with data augmentation, where ResNet50 is able to beat the state-of-the-art model. Furthermore, the majority vote and concatenation ensemble were evaluated and provided the future direction of using transfer learning and segmentation to understand the specific features.
Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/2311.07711Test

المؤلفون: Zakzak Khaled, Gheorghe Ilia, Claudia Watz, Ioana Macașoi, George Drăghici, Vasile Simulescu, Petru Eugen Merghes, Narcis Ion Varan, Cristina Adriana Dehelean, Lavinia Vlaia, Laurențiu Sima

المصدر: Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Vol 46, Iss 5, Pp 4815-4831 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: 2-carboxyethylphenylphosphinic acid, HaCaT and SAOS-2 cells, in vitro screening, anti-osteosarcoma, Biology (General), QH301-705.5

الوصف: Osteosarcoma malignancy currently represents a major health problem; therefore, the need for new therapy approaches is of great interest. In this regard, the current study aims to evaluate the anti-neoplastic potential of a newly developed phosphinic acid derivative (2-carboxyethylphenylphosphinic acid) and, subsequently, to outline its pharmaco-toxicological profile by employing two different in vitro human cell cultures (keratinocytes—HaCaT—and osteosarcoma SAOS-2 cells), employing different techniques (MTT assay, cell morphology assessment, LDH assay, Hoechst staining and RT-PCR). Additionally, the results obtained are compared with three commercially available phosphorus-containing compounds (P1, P2, P3). The results recorded for the newly developed compound (P4) revealed good biocompatibility (cell viability of 77%) when concentrations up to 5 mM were used on HaCaT cells for 24 h. Also, the HaCaT cultures showed no significant morphological alterations or gene modulation, thus achieving a biosafety profile even superior to some of the commercial products tested herein. Moreover, in terms of anti-osteosarcoma activity, 2-carboxyethylphenylphosphinic acid expressed promising activity on SAOS-2 monolayers, the cells showing viability of only 55%, as well as apoptosis features and important gene expression modulation, especially Bid downregulation. Therefore, the newly developed compound should be considered a promising candidate for further in vitro and in vivo research related to osteosarcoma therapy.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/46/5/290Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1467-3037Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1467-3045Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/3addc4d78602473e95b1b7f74ea47f34Test

المؤلفون: Ali Kaan Yildiz, Ahmet Varan, Hakan Kurt, Omer Gokhan Doluoglu, Berat Cem Ozgur

المصدر: Current Urology, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 66-70 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923

الوصف: Abstract. Background. The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on patient decision making remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the pandemic on treatment preferences of patients with proximal ureteral stones. Materials and methods. Retrospective data regarding treatment preferences of patients diagnosed with symptomatic proximal ureteral stones between July 2018 and November 2021 at a single center were analyzed. Data from 493 patients were analyzed according to 2 groups, including patients diagnosed during the COVID-19 pandemic and those diagnosed during an equivalent period of time before the pandemic. Results. Preference for conservative treatment increased during the COVID-19 pandemic (p = 0.009). In patients who had previously undergone shock wave lithotripsy (SWL), the preference for SWL decreased and the preference for conservative treatment increased during the COVID-19 pandemic (p = 0.042). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between a preference for conservative treatment during the pandemic and no prior spontaneous stone passage (p = 0.003; odds ratio [OR], 2.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.45–4.23), no hydronephrosis (p = 0.035; OR, 3.57; 95% CI, 1.34–9.49), and a visual analog scale score of 4 or less (p = 0.018; OR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.15–3.38). Conclusions. A significant increase in the preference for conservative treatment was observed among patients diagnosed during the pandemic, and patients with a history of SWL demonstrated a preference shift from SWL to conservative treatment.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://journals.lww.com/10.1097/CU9.0000000000000143Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7649Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/fe633b0687d8484aa01c89507ded3694Test

المؤلفون: Esin OKMAN, Niyazi Kürşad TOKEL, Birgül VARAN, İlkay ERDOĞAN, Murat ÖZKAN

المصدر: Forbes Tıp Dergisi, Vol 4, Iss 3, Pp 284-291 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: newborn, congenital heart disease, early enteral feeding, intensive care, tga, Medicine (General), R5-920

الوصف: Objective: Appropriate nutritional support has positive effects on both the growth and morbidity of patients who have undergone surgery due to congenital heart disease during their neonatal period. The aims of this study were to determine enteral feeding characteristics throughout the post-operative period, to define difficulties and obstacles in oral feeding, and to establish dietary guidelines based on the acquired data. Methods: From January 2012 to December 2014, 87 patients were retrospectively evaluated. All patients were diagnosed with transposition of the great arteries and were operated on during their neonatal periods. The median age of the cases was 9.37+-5.73 5.73 days (3-30 days). Pre-operative, intraoperative, and post-operative parameters were recorded. Results: During the intensive care unit stay, factors that delayed the transition to full enteral feeding or resulted in the discontinuation of feeding were identified. Enteral feeding was applicable to all patients within the first 24 h. Full enteral feeding was achieved at a median of 3.3 days. Gastric residual was observed in 63.2% of the patients; this was considered to be one of the major reasons for stopping feeding. In patients with gastric residual, transition to full enteral feeding was delayed, and the frequency of interruption and discontinuation of feeding increased. It was observed that patients with feeding discontinuations had longer periods of transition to full enteral feeding. Conclusion: It is believed that early post-operative enteral feeding contributes to shortening the hospitalization stay, to providing discharge without the requirement of feeding support, and to reducing post-discharge homecare feeding difficulties.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://jag.journalagent.com/z4/download_fulltext.asp?pdir=forbes&un=FJM-02328Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2757-5241Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/13a5bf3c02d44710b966bd303e5b3674Test

المؤلفون: Sercan Ozumcan, Ali Ozturk, Metin Varan, Cenk Andic

المصدر: Energy Reports, Vol 9, Iss , Pp 272-279 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Load frequency controller, Honey badger algorithm, Renewable energy sources, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971

الوصف: When it comes to the process of ensuring the stability, quality, and reliability of a power system, one of the most crucial components is known as the load frequency controller (LFC). It does this by ensuring that there is a balance between the amount of power that is produced and the amount that is consumed. This paper proposes a novel evolutionary approach, referred to as the Honey Badger Algorithm (HBA), PI/PID controllers should be configured in the best possible way in order to address the LFC problem in the electrical power system. The research takes into account a power system that is integrated between two areas and uses renewable energy sources, such as a wind system and a solar system. The utilization of renewable energy sources has the potential to yield favorable outcomes in frequency control through the provision of prompt and adaptable responses to fluctuations in system frequency, helping to maintain grid stability. The proposed HBA method is utilized to refine the controller parameter values, using a fitness function anchored on the integral of absolute error (IAE) and the integral time multiplied by absolute error (ITAE). The performance of the proposed HBA-based controller has evaluated under 5% step load perturbation (SLP) in area-1. The HBA-based controllers demonstrate greater performance in terms of settling time, overshoot, and fitness value when compared to other well-known optimization algorithms such as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), and Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO). According to the obtained results, the IAE-based PID controller has the best performance. The HBA-based PID controller is evaluated according to the following performance criteria; the objective function value is 0.4201, the settling time values and overshoot values for the area-1, area-2 and tie-line are 15.6, 33.7 and 27.9 s and −6.6, −0.7 and −0.0071 Hz, respectively. According to the findings, the HBA is both a dependable and effective tool for finding solutions to LFC research problems in multi-source power systems.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352484723014385Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2352-4847Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/32e44cd6db5e4f9299d8d52ace9a2efbTest

المؤلفون: Hasan Satış, Hazan Karadeniz, Abdurrahman Tufan, Mehmet Akif Ozturk, Berna Goker, Aslihan Avanoglu Güler, Reyhan Bilici, Burcu Candemir, Gizem Tuğçe Alp, Funda Yıldırım Borazan, Olgun Deniz, Hacer Doğan Varan

المصدر: Lupus Science and Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 1 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607

الوصف: Objective This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of sarcopenia and its clinical significance in Turkish women with SLE, exploring the association between muscle mass, muscle strength and SLE disease activity.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at Gazi University Hospital’s Department of Rheumatology from January to December 2020. It involved 82 patients with SLE, diagnosed according to the 2019 American College of Rheumatology/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology criteria, and 69 healthy controls. Sarcopenia was assessed using hand grip dynamometry (hand grip strength (HGS)) and bioelectrical impedance analysis for muscle mass, with sarcopenia defined according to the 2018 European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria and specific cut-offs for the Turkish population. The main outcomes measured were the presence of sarcopenia and probable sarcopenia, HGS values, skeletal muscle mass index and SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K).Results Among the patients with SLE, 51.2% met the criteria for probable sarcopenia and 12.9% were diagnosed with sarcopenia. The mean HGS was significantly lower in the SLE group (21.7±4.9 kg) compared with controls, indicating reduced muscle strength. The prevalence of anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies was 82.9%. Multivariate regression analysis identified height and levels of anti-dsDNA antibodies as independent predictors for developing probable sarcopenia. No significant association was found between clinical parameters, including SLEDAI-2K scores, and sarcopenia status.Conclusions Sarcopenia is prevalent among Turkish women with SLE, with a significant proportion showing reduced muscle strength. The study found no direct association between sarcopenia and SLE disease activity or clinical parameters. These findings underscore the importance of including muscle strength assessments in the routine clinical evaluation of patients with SLE to potentially improve management and quality of life.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://lupus.bmj.com/content/11/1/e001204.fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2053-8790Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/86180245406140e386c34b30849c19c4Test

المؤلفون: Robert L Cook, Veronica L Richards, Joseph M Gullett, Brenda D G Lerner, Zhi Zhou, Eric C Porges, Yan Wang, Christopher W Kahler, Nancy P Barnett, Zhigang Li, Suresh Pallikkuth, Emmanuel Thomas, Allan Rodriguez, Kendall J Bryant, Smita Ghare, Shirish Barve, Varan Govind, Jessy G Dévieux, Ronald A Cohen

المصدر: JMIR Research Protocols, Vol 13, p e53684 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7

الوصف: BackgroundBoth alcohol consumption and HIV infection are associated with worse brain, cognitive, and clinical outcomes in older adults. However, the extent to which brain and cognitive dysfunction is reversible with reduction or cessation of drinking is unknown. ObjectiveThe 30-Day Challenge study was designed to determine whether reduction or cessation of drinking would be associated with improvements in cognition, reduction of systemic and brain inflammation, and improvement in HIV-related outcomes in adults with heavy drinking. MethodsThe study design was a mechanistic experimental trial, in which all participants received an alcohol reduction intervention followed by repeated assessments of behavioral and clinical outcomes. Persons were eligible if they were 45 years of age or older, had weekly alcohol consumption of 21 or more drinks (men) or 14 or more drinks (women), and were not at high risk of alcohol withdrawal. After a baseline assessment, participants received an intervention consisting of contingency management (money for nondrinking days) for at least 30 days followed by a brief motivational interview. After this, participants could either resume drinking or not. Study questionnaires, neurocognitive assessments, neuroimaging, and blood, urine, and stool samples were collected at baseline, 30 days, 90 days, and 1 year after enrollment. ResultsWe enrolled 57 persons with heavy drinking who initiated the contingency management protocol (mean age 56 years, SD 4.6 years; 63%, n=36 male, 77%, n=44 Black, and 58%, n=33 people with HIV) of whom 50 completed 30-day follow-up and 43 the 90-day follow-up. The planned study procedures were interrupted and modified due to the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020-2021. ConclusionsThis was the first study seeking to assess changes in brain (neuroimaging) and cognition after alcohol intervention in nontreatment-seeking people with HIV together with people without HIV as controls. Study design strengths, limitations, and lessons for future study design considerations are discussed. Planned analyses are in progress, after which deidentified study data will be available for sharing. Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03353701; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03353701Test International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/53684

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.researchprotocols.org/2024/1/e53684Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1929-0748Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/a62cd6aab1b24d989ae0f2e8f146da19Test

المؤلفون: Jean M. Brechman, Duane Varan, Brooke Wooley, Steven Bellman

المصدر: Frontiers in Communication, Vol 9 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: synced advertising, social media, mobile, size, timing, experiment, Communication. Mass media, P87-96

الوصف: IntroductionSynced ads differ from other forms of targeted advertising on mobile devices because they target concurrent media usage rather than location or predicted interest in the brand. For example, a TV-viewer’s smartphone could listen to the ads playing on the TV set and show matching social media ads. These social media ads could be timed to appear simultaneously with the TV ad, or shortly before or after.MethodsThis research reports a meta-analysis (N = 980) of four lab studies that used representative samples of consumers and realistic manipulations of synced ads. These studies contrasted with most previous studies of synced ads, which have used student samples and unrealistic manipulations or imagined scenarios, which means little is known about whether or why synced ads are effective in real life. These four studies manipulated the effects of synced-ad timing (simultaneous vs. sequential before or after) and the size of the mobile ad, to see if these moderate the effects of synced ads.ResultsThe results showed that synced ads were more effective, measured by unaided brand recall, when they were shown after the TV commercial, rather than simultaneously. Ad size had no moderating effect, which suggests that normal ads can be used, rather than the full-screen or pop-up ads used in previous studies. A final study, in which ad timing was user-controlled, rather than advertiser-controlled, showed that precise timing is not important for synced-ad effectiveness.DiscussionThese results suggest the effects of synced ads are best explained by repetition rather than synergy between the two exposures. There were no significant effects on brand attitude, ad liking, or purchase intention. These results have implications for theoretical models of synced-ad effectiveness, and for advertisers planning to use synced ads.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcomm.2024.1343315/fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2297-900XTest

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/e278b89b30c5452ebde86d96d57e3525Test

المؤلفون: Gamze Varan

المصدر: Future Pharmacology, Vol 3, Iss 3, Pp 597-611 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: cyclodextrin, vaccine, formulation, adjuvant, inclusion complex, nanoparticle, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950

الوصف: Cyclodextrins, a family of cyclic oligosaccharides, have received considerable interest in the field of pharmaceuticals due to their unique molecular structure and versatile properties. In the context of vaccines, cyclodextrins can effectively encapsulate antigens, ensuring their protection from degradation and improving their immunogenicity. Cyclodextrins offer stability advantages to vaccines by preventing the degradation of labile vaccine components during storage and transportation. Furthermore, cyclodextrins can serve as adjuvants, potentiating the immune response triggered by vaccines. Their unique structure and interaction with the immune system enhance the recognition of antigens by immune cells, leading to an improved activation of both innate and adaptive immune responses. This adjuvant effect contributes to the development of robust and long-lasting immune protection against targeted pathogens. Owing to the distinctive attributes inherent to nanoparticles, their integration into vaccine formulations has assumed an imperative role. Through the encapsulation of vaccine antigens/adjuvants within cyclodextrin nanoparticles, the potency and stability of vaccines can be notably enhanced. In particular, the capacity of amphiphilic cyclodextrins to form nanoparticles through self-assembly without surfactants or co-solvents is a captivating prospect for their application as carrier systems for antigens. In conclusion, cyclodextrins present a promising platform for enhancing the efficacy and stability of vaccines. Their ability to encapsulate antigens, stabilize labile vaccine components and act as adjuvants demonstrates their potential to revolutionize vaccine formulation and delivery. Further research and development in this field will facilitate the translation of cyclodextrin-based vaccine technologies into practical and impactful immunization strategies, ultimately benefiting global health and disease prevention.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9879/3/3/38Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2673-9879Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/d5ae3dd03c2045658e2140d288cf8ff2Test

المؤلفون: Aziz Zeytin, Çapan Konca, Celal Varan

المصدر: Journal of Pediatric Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, Vol 10, Iss 2, Pp 143-146 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: adenosine, atrial flutter, childhood, tachycardia, Medicine, Pediatrics, RJ1-570, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9

الوصف: The most common tachyarrhythmias in childhood are narrow QRS complex tachyarrhythmias. The majority of these are supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). If electrocardiography is inconsistent with typical SVT, another underlying arrhythmia should be considered. In this case, a patient with narrow complex tachycardia who was diagnosed with atrial flutter after adenosine was presented to increase awareness on the subject.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.caybdergi.com/archives/archive-detail/article-preview/efficacy-of-adenosine-in-the-differential-diagnosi/60504Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2146-2399Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2148-7332Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/3b3529cded654ba08fb780595a6f0cbeTest