المؤلفون: Roberta Di Benedetto, Francesca Mancini, Valentina Caradonna, Maria Grazia Aruta, Carlo Giannelli, Omar Rossi, Francesca Micoli

المصدر: Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, Vol 10 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: GMMA, glycoconjugate, Shigella, multicomponent, vaccine, O-antigen, Biology (General), QH301-705.5

الوصف: Shigellosis is leading bacterial cause of diarrhea with high prevalence in children younger than 5 years in low- and middle-income countries, and increasing number of reports of Shigella cases associated to anti-microbial resistance. No vaccines against Shigella are still licensed, but different candidates based on the O-antigen portion of lipopolysaccharides are in clinic. Generalized Modules for Membrane Antigens (GMMA) have been proposed as an alternative delivery system for the O-antigen, and a 4-component vaccine candidate (altSonflex1-2-3), containing GMMA from S. sonnei and S. flexneri 1b, 2a and 3a is being tested in a phase 1/2 clinical trial, with the aim to elicit broad protection against the most prevalent Shigella serotypes. Here, the 4-component GMMA vaccine candidate has been compared to a more traditional glycoconjugate formulation for the ability to induce functional antibodies in mice and rabbits. In mice, in the absence of Alhydrogel, GMMA induce higher IgG antibodies than glycoconjugates and stronger bactericidal titers against all Shigella serotypes. In the presence of Alhydrogel, GMMA induce O-antigen specific IgG levels similar to traditional glycoconjugates, but with a broader range of IgG subclasses, resulting in stronger bactericidal activity. In rabbits, GMMA elicit higher functional antibodies than glycoconjugates against S. sonnei, and similar responses to S. flexneri 1b, 2a and 3a, independently from the presence of Alhydrogel. Different O-antigen based vaccines against Shigella are now in clinical stage and it will be of particular interest to understand how the preclinical findings in the different animal models translate in humans.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2023.1284515/fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2296-889XTest

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/50d542a376f84b5e8b8879e65de91521Test

المؤلفون: Francesca Mancini, Valentina Caradonna, Renzo Alfini, Maria Grazia Aruta, Claudia Giorgina Vitali, Gianmarco Gasperini, Diego Piccioli, Francesco Berlanda Scorza, Omar Rossi, Francesca Micoli

المصدر: Pharmaceutics, Vol 16, Iss 4, p 568 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: adjuvant, OMV, GMMA-based vaccine, unadsorbed GMMA, immune response, Pharmacy and materia medica, RS1-441

الوصف: Shigellosis is one of the leading causes of diarrheal disease in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in young children, and is more often associated with antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, a preventive vaccine against shigellosis is an urgent medical need. We have proposed Generalised Modules for Membrane Antigens (GMMA) as an innovative delivery system for Shigella sonnei O-antigen, and an Alhydrogel formulation (1790GAHB) has been extensively tested in preclinical and clinical studies. Alhydrogel has been used as an adsorbent agent with the main purpose of reducing potential GMMA systemic reactogenicity. However, the immunogenicity and systemic reactogenicity of this GMMA-based vaccine formulated with or without Alhydrogel have never been compared. In this work, we investigated the potential adjuvant effect of aluminium salt-based adjuvants (Alhydrogel and AS37) on S. sonnei GMMA immunogenicity in mice and rabbits, and we found that S. sonnei GMMA alone resulted to be strongly immunogenic. The addition of neither Alhydrogel nor AS37 improved the magnitude or the functionality of vaccine-elicited antibodies. Interestingly, rabbits injected with either S. sonnei GMMA adsorbed on Alhydrogel or S. sonnei GMMA alone showed a limited and transient body temperature increase, returning to baseline values within 24 h after each vaccination. Overall, immunisation with unadsorbed GMMA did not raise any concern for animal health. We believe that these data support the clinical testing of GMMA formulated without Alhydrogel, which would allow for further simplification of GMMA-based vaccine manufacturing.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/16/4/568Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4923Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/9e6c326f9ab54e04bcca821114af0574Test

المؤلفون: Francesca Mancini, Renzo Alfini, Valentina Caradonna, Valentina Monaci, Martina Carducci, Gianmarco Gasperini, Diego Piccioli, Massimiliano Biagini, Carlo Giannelli, Omar Rossi, Mariagrazia Pizza, Francesca Micoli

المصدر: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 24, Iss 3, p 2742 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: generalized modules for membrane antigens (GMMA), Shigella, vaccine, OMV, TLR, proteins, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Chemistry, QD1-999

الوصف: Shigellosis is the leading cause of diarrheal disease, especially in children of low- and middle-income countries, and is often associated with anti-microbial resistance. Currently, there are no licensed vaccines widely available against Shigella, but several candidates based on the O-antigen (OAg) portion of lipopolysaccharides are in development. We have proposed Generalized Modules for Membrane Antigens (GMMA) as an innovative delivery system for OAg, and a quadrivalent vaccine candidate containing GMMA from S. sonnei and three prevalent S. flexneri serotypes (1b, 2a and 3a) is moving to a phase II clinical trial, with the aim to elicit broad protection against Shigella. GMMA are able to induce anti-OAg-specific functional IgG responses in animal models and healthy adults. We have previously demonstrated that antibodies against protein antigens are also generated upon immunization with S. sonnei GMMA. In this work, we show that a quadrivalent Shigella GMMA-based vaccine is able to promote a humoral response against OAg and proteins of all GMMA types contained in the investigational vaccine. Proteins contained in GMMA provide T cell help as GMMA elicit a stronger anti-OAg IgG response in wild type than in T cell-deficient mice. Additionally, we observed that only the trigger of Toll-like Receptor (TLR) 4 and not of TLR2 contributed to GMMA immunogenicity. In conclusion, when tested in mice, GMMA of a quadrivalent Shigella vaccine candidate combine both adjuvant and carrier activities which allow an increase in the low immunogenic properties of carbohydrate antigens.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/3/2742Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/e985d129689441ccaa8046010b31f850Test

المؤلفون: Stefania Garzoli, Valentina Laghezza Masci, Valentina Caradonna, Antonio Tiezzi, Pierluigi Giacomello, Elisa Ovidi

المصدر: Pharmaceuticals, Vol 14, Iss 2, p 134 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Pinus cembra L., Pinus mugo Turra, Picea abies L., Abies alba M., essential oil, chemical investigation, Medicine, Pharmacy and materia medica, RS1-441

الوصف: In this study, the chemical composition of the vapor and liquid phase of Pinus cembra L., Pinus mugo Turra, Picea abies L., and Abies Alba M. needles essential oils (EOs) was investigated by Headspace-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (HS-GC/MS). In the examined EOs, a total of twenty-eight components were identified, most of which belong to the monoterpenes family. α-Pinene (16.6–44.0%), β-pinene (7.5–44.7%), limonene (9.5–32.5%), and γ-terpinene (0.3–19.7%) were the most abundant components of the liquid phase. Such major compounds were also detected in the vapor phase of all EOs, and α-pinene reached higher relative percentages than in the liquid phase. Then, both the liquid and vapor phases were evaluated in terms of antibacterial activity against three Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Acinetobacter bohemicus) and two Gram-positive bacteria (Kocuria marina and Bacillus cereus) using a microwell dilution assay, disc diffusion assay, and vapor phase test. The lowest Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) (13.28 mg/mL) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) (26.56 mg/mL) values, which correspond to the highest antibacterial activities, were reported for P. abies EO against A. bohemicus and for A. alba EO against A. bohemicus and B. cereus. The vapor phase of all the tested EOs was more active than liquid phase, showing the inhibition halos from 41.00 ± 10.15 mm to 80.00 ± 0.00 mm for three bacterial strains (A. bohemicus, K. marina, and B. cereus). Furthermore, antioxidant activities were also investigated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis (3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) assays, and a concentration-dependent antioxidant capacity for all EOs was found. P. mugo EO showed the best antioxidant activity than the other Pinaceae EOs. The four Pinaceae EOs could be further investigated for their promising antibacterial and antioxidant properties, and, in particular, α-pinene seems to have interesting possibilities for use as a novel natural antibacterial agent.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/14/2/134Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8247Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/2fb4577f2d954e97bc796975464e7069Test

المؤلفون: Roberta Di Benedetto, Francesca Mancini, Valentina Caradonna, Maria Grazia Aruta, Carlo Giannelli, Omar Rossi, Francesca Micoli

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Structural Biology, Enzymes, Protein Trafficking, Proteomics and Intermolecular Interactions (excl. Medical Proteomics), Receptors and Membrane Biology, Signal Transduction, Structural Biology (incl. Macromolecular Modelling), Synthetic Biology, GMMA, glycoconjugate, Shigella, multicomponent, vaccine, O-antigen

الوصف: Shigellosis is leading bacterial cause of diarrhea with high prevalence in children younger than 5 years in low- and middle-income countries, and increasing number of reports of Shigella cases associated to anti-microbial resistance. No vaccines against Shigella are still licensed, but different candidates based on the O-antigen portion of lipopolysaccharides are in clinic. Generalized Modules for Membrane Antigens (GMMA) have been proposed as an alternative delivery system for the O-antigen, and a 4-component vaccine candidate (altSonflex1-2-3), containing GMMA from S. sonnei and S. flexneri 1b, 2a and 3a is being tested in a phase 1/2 clinical trial, with the aim to elicit broad protection against the most prevalent Shigella serotypes. Here, the 4-component GMMA vaccine candidate has been compared to a more traditional glycoconjugate formulation for the ability to induce functional antibodies in mice and rabbits. In mice, in the absence of Alhydrogel, GMMA induce higher IgG antibodies than glycoconjugates and stronger bactericidal titers against all Shigella serotypes. In the presence of Alhydrogel, GMMA induce O-antigen specific IgG levels similar to traditional glycoconjugates, but with a broader range of IgG subclasses, resulting in stronger bactericidal activity. In rabbits, GMMA elicit higher functional antibodies than glycoconjugates against S. sonnei, and similar responses to S. flexneri 1b, 2a and 3a, independently from the presence of Alhydrogel. Different O-antigen based vaccines against Shigella are now in clinical stage and it will be of particular interest to understand how the preclinical findings in the different animal models translate in humans.

العلاقة: https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table1_Comparison_of_Shigella_GMMA_and_glycoconjugate_four-component_formulations_in_animals_DOCX/24572224Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2023.1284515.s001Test
https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table1_Comparison_of_Shigella_GMMA_and_glycoconjugate_four-component_formulations_in_animals_DOCX/24572224Test

المؤلفون: Valentina Caradonna, Elisa Ovidi, Antonio Tiezzi, Stefania Garzoli, Valentina Laghezza Masci, Pierluigi Giacomello

المصدر: Pharmaceuticals
Volume 14
Issue 2
Pharmaceuticals, Vol 14, Iss 134, p 134 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Pinus cembra L, Pinus mugo Turra, DPPH, Picea abies L, Pharmaceutical Science, lcsh:Medicine, lcsh:RS1-441, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Article, Essential oil, law.invention, lcsh:Pharmacy and materia medica, chemistry.chemical_compound, Antioxidant activity, law, Drug Discovery, medicine, Acinetobacter bohemicus, Antibacterial agent, Limonene, Chromatography, Minimum bactericidal concentration, ABTS, Abies alba M, 010405 organic chemistry, lcsh:R, 0104 chemical sciences, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, Chemical investigation, chemistry, Molecular Medicine, Antibacterial activity, HS-GC/MS

الوصف: In this study, the chemical composition of the vapor and liquid phase of Pinus cembra L., Pinus mugo Turra, Picea abies L., and Abies Alba M. needles essential oils (EOs) was investigated by Headspace-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (HS-GC/MS). In the examined EOs, a total of twenty-eight components were identified, most of which belong to the monoterpenes family. α-Pinene (16.6–44.0%), β-pinene (7.5–44.7%), limonene (9.5–32.5%), and γ-terpinene (0.3–19.7%) were the most abundant components of the liquid phase. Such major compounds were also detected in the vapor phase of all EOs, and α-pinene reached higher relative percentages than in the liquid phase. Then, both the liquid and vapor phases were evaluated in terms of antibacterial activity against three Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Acinetobacter bohemicus) and two Gram-positive bacteria (Kocuria marina and Bacillus cereus) using a microwell dilution assay, disc diffusion assay, and vapor phase test. The lowest Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) (13.28 mg/mL) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) (26.56 mg/mL) values, which correspond to the highest antibacterial activities, were reported for P. abies EO against A. bohemicus and for A. alba EO against A. bohemicus and B. cereus. The vapor phase of all the tested EOs was more active than liquid phase, showing the inhibition halos from 41.00 ± 10.15 mm to 80.00 ± 0.00 mm for three bacterial strains (A. bohemicus, K. marina, and B. cereus). Furthermore, antioxidant activities were also investigated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis (3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) assays, and a concentration-dependent antioxidant capacity for all EOs was found. P. mugo EO showed the best antioxidant activity than the other Pinaceae EOs. The four Pinaceae EOs could be further investigated for their promising antibacterial and antioxidant properties, and, in particular, α-pinene seems to have interesting possibilities for use as a novel natural antibacterial agent.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::88b223b64f42bc7d8036119190981b12Test
http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1516790Test

المؤلفون: Valentina Caradonna, Leonardo Bianchini, Anna Maria Vettraino, Valentina Goffi, Roberto Forniti, Marta Zambelli, Rinaldo Botondi, Vittorio Vinciguerra, Antonino Testa

المساهمون: Vettraino, A. M., Bianchini, L., Caradonna, V., Forniti, R., Goffi, V., Zambelli, M., Testa, A., Vinciguerra, V., Botondi, R.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Quality Control, Carbohydrate, Ozone, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Carbohydrates, Cold storage, Titratable acid, Shelf life, Fagaceae, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Phenols, ozone as ga, Ascomycota, quality parameter, Food Preservation, Nuts, Sugar, Nut, 0303 health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Phenol, Food Preservative, Castanea sativa, Gnomoniopsis castanea, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 040401 food science, Horticulture, chemistry, cold storage, Food Storage, Food Preservatives, Postharvest, Environmental science, Agronomy and Crop Science, Food Science, Biotechnology

الوصف: Background Chestnuts are gluten-free, low-fat, cholesterol-free products. Postharvest decay reduces chestnut shelf life and can cause severe economic losses. In this study we investigated the effect of ozone (O3 ) gaseous treatment on chestnut rot caused by Gnomoniopsis castanea and the quality parameters of chestnuts. Results The results showed that ozone treatment (150 ppb during the day, and 300 ppb during the night) reduced the decay of chestnuts and had a fungistatic effect on isolates of G. castanea. The exposure of chestnuts to ozone did not alter weight losses, sugar content and titratable acidity. The concentration of total phenolics decreased during the storage period, both for treated and untreated nuts. However, after 150 days of treatment the polyphenol content of the chestnuts exposed to ozone was significantly higher than in control nuts. Conclusions Our results suggested that ozone is an appropriate and economical tool to maximize the quality of chestnut shelf life, enabling it to be stored for long periods. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::2486c519c2db56efbd3faabbe1ed6953Test
http://hdl.handle.net/11588/789576Test