المؤلفون: James Paul Mason, Alexandra Werth, Colin G. West, Allison Youngblood, Donald L. Woodraska, Courtney L. Peck, Arvind J. Aradhya, Yijian Cai, David Chaparro, James W. Erikson, Koushik Ganesan, T. R. Geerdts, Thi D Hoang, Thomas M. Horning, Yan Jin, Haixin Liu, Noah Lordi, Zheng Luo, Thanmay S. Menon, Josephine C. Meyer, Emma E Nelson, Kristin A. Oliver, Jorge L Ramirez Ortiz, Andrew Osborne, Alyx Patterson, Nick Pellatz, John Pitten, Nanako Shitara, Daniel Steckhahn, Aseem Visal, Hongda Wang, Chaoran Wang, Evan Wickenden, John Wilson, Mengyu Wu, Nikolay Yegovtsev, Ingrid H Zimmermann, James Holland Aaron, Jumana T. Abdullah, Jonathan M. Abrams, Riley Abrashoff, Andres B. Acevedo, Iker Acha, Daniela M. Meza Acosta, Megan M. Adam, Dante Q. Adams, Kalvyn N Adams, Elena R Adams, Zainab A. Akbar, Ushmi H. Akruwala, Adel Al-Ghazwi, Batool H. Alabbas, Areej A. Alawadhi, Yazeed A. Alharbi, Mohammed S. Alahmed, Mohammed A. Albakr, Yusef J. Albalushi, Jonathan Albaum, Ahmed Aldhamen, Nolan Ales, Mohammad Alesmail, Abdulelah Alhabeeb, Dania Alhamli, Isehaq Alhuseini, Suhail Alkaabi, Tameem Alkhezzi, Mohamed Alkubaisi, Nasser Allanqawi, Martin Allsbrook, Yousef A. Almohsen, Justin Thomas Almquist, Teeb Alnaji, Yousef A Alnasrallah, Nicholas Alonzi, Meshal Alosaimi, Emeen Alqabani, Mohammad Alrubaie, Reema A. Alsinan, Ava L. Altenbern, Abdullah Altokhais, Saleh A. Alyami, Federico Ameijenda, Hamzi Amer, Meggan Amos, Hunter J. Anderson, Carter Andrew, Jesse C Andringa, Abigail Angwin, Gabreece Van Anne, Andrew Aramians, Camila Villamil Arango, Jack. W. Archibald, Brian A. Arias-Robles, Maryam Aryan, Kevin Ash, Justin Astalos, N. S. Atchley-Rivers, Dakota N. Augenstein, Bryce W. Austin, Abhinav Avula, Matthew C. Aycock, Abdulrahman A. Baflah, Sahana Balaji, Brian Balajonda, Leo M Balcer, James O. Baldwin, David J Banda, Titus Bard, Abby Barmore, Grant M. Barnes, Logan D. W. Barnhart, Kevin M. Barone, Jessica L. Bartman, Claire Bassel, Catalina S Bastias, Batchimeg Bat-Ulzii, Jasleen Batra, Lexi Battist, Joshua Bay, Simone Beach, Sara Beard, Quinn I Beato, Ryan Beattie, Thomas Beatty, Tristan De La Beaujardiere, Jacob N. Beauprez, M. G. Beck, Lily Beck, Simone E. Becker, Braden Behr, Timothy A. Behrer, Joshua Beijer, Brennan J. Belei, Annelene L. Belknap, Aislyn Bell, Caden Bence, Evan Benke, Naomi Berhanu, Zachary D. Berriman-Rozen, Chrisanna Bertuccio, Owen A. Berv, Blaine B. Biediger, Samuel J Biehle, Brennen Billig, Jacob Billingsley, Jayce A. Billman, Connor J. Biron, Gabrielle E. Bisacca, Cassidy A. Blake, Guillermo Blandon, Olivia Blevins, Ethan Blouin, Michal Bodzianowski, Taylor A. Boeyink, Matthew Bondar, Lauren Bone, Alberto Espinosa De Los Monteros Bonilla, William T Borelli, Luke R. Borgerding, Troy Bowen, Christine Boyer, Aidan Boyer, Aidan P. Boyle, Tom Boyne, Donovan Branch, Ariana E. Brecl, David J. Brennan, Alexander J Brimhall, Jennifer L. Brockman, Sarah Brookins, Gabriel T. Brown, Cameron L. Brown, Ryan Brown, Jordi Brownlow, Grant Brumage-Heller, Preston J. Brumley, Samuel Bryan, A. Brzostowicz, Maryam Buhamad, Gigi Bullard-Connor, J. R. Ramirez Bunsow, Annemarie C. Burns, John J. Burritt, Nicholas David Burton, Taylor Burton, Celeste Busch, Dylan R. Butler, B. W. Buxton, Malena C. Toups, Carter C. Cabbage, Breonna Cage, Jackson R. Cahn, Andrew J Campbell, Braden P. Canales, Alejandro R. Cancio, Luke Carey, Emma L. Carillion, Michael Andrew Carpender, Emily Carpenter, Shivank Chadda, Paige Chambers, Jasey Chanders, Olivia M. Chandler, Ethan C. Chang, Mitchell G. Chapman, Logan T. Chapman, S. Chavali, Luis Chavez, Kevin Chen, Lily Chen, Sam Chen, Judy Chen, Jenisha Chhetri, Bradyn Chiles, Kayla M. Chizmar, Katherine E Christiansen, Nicholas A. Cisne, Alexis Cisneros, David B. Clark, Evelyn Clarke, Peter C Clarkson, Alexis R. Clausi, Brooke Cochran, Ryan W. Coe, Aislinn Coleman-Plante, Jake R. Colleran, Zachary Colleran, Curran Collier, Nathaniel A. Collins, Sarah Collins, Jack C. Collins, Michael Colozzi, Aurora Colter, Rebecca A. Cone, Thomas C. Conroy, Reese Conti, Charles J. Contizano, Destiny J. Cool, Nicholas M. Cooper, Jessica S Corbitt, Jonas Courtney, Olivia Courtney, Corben L. Cox, Wilmsen B. Craig, Joshua B. Creany, Anastasia Crews, K. A. Crocker, A. J. Croteau, Christian J. Crow, Zoe Cruse, Avril Cruz, Tyler L. Curnow, Hayden Current, Riley T. Curry, Libby Cutler, Aidan St. Cyr, Frederick M. Dabberdt, Johnston Daboub, Olivia Damgaard, Swagatam Das, Emma A. B. Davis, Elyse Debarros, Sean Deel, Megan E. Delasantos, Tianyue Deng, Zachary Derwin, Om Desai, Kai Dewey, John S. Dias, Kenzie A. Dice, R. Dick, Cyrus A. Dicken, Henry Dietrick, Alexis M. Dinser, Alyssa M. Dixon, Thomas J. Dixon, Helen C. Do, Chris H Doan, Connor Doane, Joshua Dodrill, Timothy Doermer, Lizbeth Montoya Dominguez, J. Dominguez, Emerson N. Domke, Caroline R. Doran, Jackson A. Dorr, Philip Dorricott, Danielle C. Dresdner, Michael Driscoll, Kailer H. Driscoll, Sheridan J. Duncan, Christian Dunlap, Gabrielle M. Dunn, Tien Q. Duong, Tomi Oshima Dupeyron, Peter Dvorak, Andrew East, Andrew N. East, Bree Edwards, Lauren Ehrlich, Sara I. Elbashir, Rasce Engelhardt, Jacob Engelstad, Colin England, Andrew Enrich, Abbey Erickson, Benjamin Erickson, Nathan Evans, Calvin A Ewing, Elizabeth A. Eyeson, Ian Faber, Avery M. Fails, John T Fauntleroy, Kevin Fell, Zitian Feng, Logan D. Fenwick, Nikita Feoktistov, Ryann Fife, John Alfred D. Figueirinhas, Jean-Paul Fisch, Emmalee Fischer, Jules Fischer-White, Aidan F. Fitton, Alexander Fix, Lydia Flackett, Fernando Flores, Aidan Floyd, Leonardo Del Foco, Adeduni Folarin, Aidan E. Forbes, Elise Fortino, Benjamin L. Fougere, Alexandra A. Fowler, Margaret Fox, James M. French, Katherine V. French, Florian G. Frick, Calvin R. Fuchs, Bethany E. S. Fuhrman, Sebastian Furney, Moutamen Gabir, Gabriela Galarraga, Skylar Gale, Keala C. Gapin, A. J. Garscadden, Rachel Gasser, Lily Gayou, Emily E. Gearhart, Jane Geisman, Julianne R. Geneser, Sl Genne, Julia G Gentile, Eleanor Gentry, Jacob D. George, Nathaniel James Georgiades, Phillip Gerhardstein, Clint Gersabeck, Bandar Abu Ghaith, Dorsa Ghiassi, B. C. Giebner, Dalton Gilmartin, Connor B. Gilpatrick, Michael Gjini, Olivia Golden, Nathan T. Golding, C. A. Goldsberry, Angel R. Gomez, Angel A. Gomez, Sean Gopalakrishnan, Mariam Gopalani, Nicholas Gotlib, Alaina S. Graham, Michael J Gray, Alannah H. Gregory, Joshua A. Gregory, Kristyn Grell, Justus Griego, Nicholas F. Griffin, Kyle J. Griffin, Matt Guerrero, Nicole Gunderson, Mutian Guo, E. R. Gustavsson, Grace K. Hach, L. N. Haile, Jessica Haines, Jack J. Mc Hale, Ryder Buchanan Hales, Mark S. Haley, Jacqueline L. Hall, Sean R. Hamilton, Soonhee Han, Tyler Hand, Luke C. Hanley, Connor M Hansen, Joshua A. Hansen, Jonathan Hansson, Tony Yunfei Hao, Nicholas Haratsaris, Isabelle Hardie, Dillon F. Hardwick, Cameron T. Hares, Logan Swous Harris, Coyle M. Harris, Omer Hart, Kyle Hashiro, Elsie Hattendorf, Calder Haubrich, Elijah Hawat, Griffin A. Hayrynen, Danielle A. Heintz, Tim Hellweg, Angel Hernandez, Emanuel Herrera, Robert N. Herrington, Tim Herwig, Troy M. Hesse, Quinn Hiatt, Lea Pearl Hibbard, Imari R. Hicks, Andrew J. Hicks, Nigel Highhouse, Annalise K. Hildebrand, Paula Hill, Hallie Hill, Evan Hintsa, Anna E. Hirschmann, Travis Hitt, Ella Ho, Isabelle J. Hoff, Alex Hoffman, Blake A. Hogen, Linda Horne, Timothy J Houck, Noah H. Howell, E. M. Hrudka, J. Hu, Jianyang Huang, Chenqi Huang, Shancheng Huang, Zachary A. Hudson, Nathan C. Hudson, Tyler J. Huebsch, Owen Hull, Samuel C Hunter, Troy Husted, Abigail P. Hutabarat, Leslie Huynh, Antonio E. Samour Ii, Yolande Idoine, Julia A. Ingram, Taro Iovan, Samuel A. Isert, Antonio Salcido-Alcontar Jr, Thomas Jacobsen, Alan A Jaimes, Connor Jameson, J. R. Jarriel, Sam Jarvis, Josh Jenkins, Alexander V. Jensen, Jacob Jeong, Luke A. Jeseritz, Trevor Jesse, Soo Yeun Ji, Yufan Jiang, Owen Johnson, Matthew Johnson, Sawyer Johnson, Julia Johnston, Braedon Y. Johnston, Olivia M. Jones, M. R. Jones, Tara Jourabchi, Tony A. House Jr., Parker Juels, Sabrina J. H. T. Kainz, Emily Kaiser, Nicolas Ian Kallemeyn, Madison H. Kalmus, Etash Kalra, Margaret Kamenetskiy, Jeerakit Kanokthippayakun, Shaun D. Kapla, Brennan J. Karsh, Caden J. Keating, Morgan A. Kelley, Michael P. Kelley, Nicholas Kelly, James Kelly, Teagan Kelly, Christopher M Kelly, Kellen Kennedy, Cayla J. Kennedy, Forrest Kennedy, Abigail Kennedy, Liana Kerr-Layton, Marilyn Ketterer, Ibraheem A. Khan, Usman Khan, Sapriya Khanal, Jack L. Kiechlin, Dominic Killian, Kevin Kim, Brian T. Kim, Matthew M. Kim, Jake Kim, Aspen Kimlicko, Isabel M Kipp, Hunter B. Kirkpatrick, Natalie Kissner, Emily R. Kite, Olivia R. Kleinhaus, Philip Whiting Knott, Will Koch, Greta Koenig, Emily Koke, Thomas Kokes, Yash S. Kothamdi, Zack Krajnak, Zoe M. Kresek, Dylan Kriegman, Jake E. Kritzberg, Davis J. Krueger, Bartlomiej Kubiak, Kirsten Kuehl, Chrisanne Kuester, Nicolas A. Kuiper, Aman Priyadarshi Kumar, Connor Kuybus, Daniel Kwiatkowski, Quintin Y. Lafemina, Kevin Lacjak, Kyle Lahmers, Antonia Lam, Kalin Landrey, Maxwell B. Lantz, Zachary Larter, Benjamin P. Lau, Megan Lauzon, Rian Lawlor, Tyler Learned, E. C. Lee, Junwon Lee, Adrianna J. Lee, Justin Lee, Alexis Ying-Shan Lee, Christian J Lee, Nathaniel F. Lee, Linzhi Leiker, Dylan Lengerich, Cecilia Leoni, Adrienne R. Lezak, David Y. Li, Isaac Li, Ryan Z. Liao, Bridget Linders, Morgan I Linger, Katherine B. Linnane, Sam Lippincott, Barrett Lister, Shelby D Litton, Nianzi Liu, Steven Y. Liu, Timothy W. Logan, Nathan Londres, Mia C. Lonergan, Emily Lookhoff, N. E. Loomis, Christian Lopez, Justin Loring, Jeffrey Lucca, Dax Lukianow, Nathan M. Cheang, William Macdonald, Claire A. Madonna, Kasey O. Madsen, Tiffany E. Maksimuk, Macguire Mallory, Ryan A. Malone, Blake Maly, Xander R. Manzanares, Aimee S. Maravi, Serafima M. Marcus, Nasreen Marikar, Josie A. Marquez, Mathew J. Marquez, Lauren Marsh, Toni Marsh, Logan S. Martin, Alexa M. Martinez, Jose R. Martinez, Hazelia K. Martinez, Cara Martyr, Mirna Masri, Giorgio Matessi, Adam Izz Khan Mohd Reduan Mathavan, Randi M. Mathieson, Kabir P. Mathur, Graham Mauer, Victoria A. Mayer, Liam Mazzotta, Glen S. Mccammon, Rowan Mcconvey, Tyler Mccormick, Andrew Mccoy, Kelleen Mcentee, Meaghan V. Mcgarvey, Riley M. Mcgill, James K. Mcintyre, Finbar K. Mckemey, Zane Mcmorris, Jesse J. Mcmullan, Ella Mcquaid, Caden Mcvey, Kyle Mccurry, Mateo M. Medellin, Melissa Medialdea, Amar Mehidic, Stella Meillon, Jonah B. Meiselman-Ashen, Sarah Mellett, Dominic Menassa, Citlali Mendez, Patricia Mendoza-Anselmi, Riley Menke, Sarah Mesgina, William J. Mewhirter, Ethan Meyer, Aya M. Miften, Ethan J. Miles, Andrew Miller, Joshua B. Miller, Emily B. Millican, Sarah J. Millican, Dylan P. Mills, Josh Minimo, Jay H. Misener, Alexander J. Mitchell, Alexander Z. Mizzi, Luis Molina-Saenz, Tyler S Moll, Hayden Moll, Maximus Montano, Michael Montoya, Eli Monyek, Jacqueline Rodriguez Mora, Gavin Morales, Genaro Morales, Annalise M. Morelock, Cora Morency, Angel J. Moreno, Remy Morgan, Alexander P. Moss, Brandon A. Muckenthaler, Alexander Mueller, Owen T. Mulcahy, Aria T. Mundy, Alexis A. Muniz, Maxwell J. Murphy, Madalyn C. Murphy, Ryan C. Murphy, Tyler Murrel, Andrew J. Musgrave, Michael S. Myer, Kshmya Nandu, Elena R. Napoletano, Abdulaziz Naqi, Anoothi Narayan, Liebe Nasser, Brenna K Neeland, Molly Nehring, Maya Li Nelson, Lena P. Nguyen, Lena Nguyen, Leonardo Nguyen, Valerie A. Nguyen, Khoa D Nguyen, Kelso Norden, Cooper Norris, Dario Nunes-Valdes, Rosemary O. Nussbaum, Cian O’Sullivan, Ian O’Neill, S. H. Oakes, Anand Odbayar, Caleb Ogle, Sean Oishi-Holder, Nicholas Olguin, Nathaniel P. Olson, Jason Ong, Elena N. Opp, Dan Orbidan, Ryan Oros, Althea E. Ort, Matthew Osborn, Austin Osogwin, Grant Otto, Jessica Oudakker, Igor Overchuk, Hannah M. Padgette, Jacqueline Padilla, Mallory Palizzi, Madeleine L. Palmgren, Adler Palos, Luke J. Pan, Nathan L. Parker, Sasha R. Parker, Evan J. Parkinson, Anish Parulekar, Paige J. Pastor, Kajal Patel, Akhil Patel, Neil S. Patel, Samuel Patti, Catherine Patton, Genevieve K. Payne, Matthew P. Payne, Harrison M. Pearl, Charles B. Beck Von Peccoz, Alexander J. Pedersen, Lily M. Pelster, Munisettha E. Peou, J. S. Perez, Freddy Perez, Anneliese Pesce, Audrey J. Petersen, B. Peterson, Romeo S. L. Petric, Joshua Pettine, Ethan J. Phalen, Alexander V. Pham, Denise M. Phan, Callie C Pherigo, Lance Phillips, Justin Phillips, Krista Phommatha, Alex Pietras, Tawanchai P. Pine, Sedique Pitsuean-Meier, Andrew M. Pixley, Will Plantz, William C. Plummer, Kaitlyn E. Plutt, Audrey E. Plzak, Kyle Pohle, Hyden Polikoff, Matthew Pollard, Madelyn Polly, Trevor J. Porter, David Price, Nicholas K. Price, Gale H. Prinster, Henry Austin Propper, Josh Quarderer, Megan S. Quinn, Oliver Quinonez, Devon Quispe, Cameron Ragsdale, Anna L. Rahn, M. Rakhmonova, Anoush K Ralapanawe, Nidhi Ramachandra, Nathaniel Ramirez, Ariana C. Ramirez, Sacha Ramirez, Parker Randolph, Anurag Ranjan, Frederick C Rankin, Sarah Grace Rapaport, Nicholas O Ratajczyk, Mia G. V. Ray, Brian D. Reagan, John C. Recchia, Brooklyn J. Reddy, Joseph Reed, Charlie Reed, Justin Reeves, Eileen N. Reh, Ferin J. Von Reich, Andrea B. Reyna, Alexander Reynolds, Hope Reynolds, Matthew Rippel, Guillermo A. Rivas, Anna Linnea Rives, Amanda M. Robert, Samuel M. Robertson, Maeve Rodgers, Stewart Rojec, Andres C. Romero, Ryan Rosasco, Beth Rossman, Michael Rotter, Tyndall Rounsefell, Charlotte Rouse, Allie C. Routledge, Marc G. Roy, Zoe A. Roy, Ryan Ruger, Kendall Ruggles-Delgado, Ian C. Rule, Madigan Rumley, Brenton M. Runyon, Collin Ruprecht, Bowman Russell, Sloan Russell, Diana Ryder, David Saeb, J. Salazar, Violeta Salazar, Maxwell Saldi, Jose A. Salgado, Adam D. Salindeho, Ethan S. Sanchez, Gustavo Sanchez-Sanchez, Darian Sarfaraz, Sucheta Sarkar, Ginn A. Sato, Carl Savage, Marcus T. Schaller, Benjamin T. Scheck, Jared A. W. Schlenker, Matthew J Schofer, Stephanie H. Schubert, Courtney Schultze, Grace K Schumacher, Kasper Seglem, Lauren Serio, Octave Seux, Hannan Shahba, Callie D. Shannahan, Shajesh Sharma, Nathan Shaver, Timothy Shaw, Arlee K. Shelby, Emma Shelby, Grace Shelchuk, Tucker Sheldrake, Daniel P. Sherry, Kyle Z. Shi, Amanda M. Shields, Kyungeun Shin, Michael C. Shockley, Dominick Shoha, Jadon Shortman, Mitchell Shuttleworth, Lisa Sibrell, Molly G. Sickler, Nathan Siles, H. K. Silvester, Conor Simmons, Dylan M. Simone, Anna Simone, Savi Singh, Maya A. Singh, Madeline Sinkovic, Leo Sipowicz, Chris Sjoroos, Ryan Slocum, Colin Slyne, Korben Smart, Alexandra N. Smith, Kelly Smith, Corey Smith, Elena K. Smith, Samantha M. Smith, Percy Smith, Trevor J Smith, G. L. Snyder, Daniel A. Soby, Arman S. Sohail, William J. Solorio, Lincoln Solt, Caitlin Soon, Ava A Spangler, Benjamin C. Spicer, Ashish Srivastava, Emily Stamos, Peter Starbuck, Ethan K. Stark, Travis Starling, Caitlyn Staudenmier, Sheen L. Steinbarth, Christopher H. Steinsberger, Tyler Stepaniak, Ellie N. Steward, Trey Stewart, T. C. Stewart, Cooper N. Stratmeyer, Grant L. Stratton, Jordin L. Stribling, S. A Sulaiman, Brandon J Sullivan, M. E. Sundell, Sohan N. Sur, Rohan Suri, Jason R. Swartz, Joshua D. Sweeney, Konner Syed, Emi Szabo, Philip Szeremeta, Michael-Tan D. Ta, Nolan C. Tanguma, Kyle Taulman, Nicole Taylor, Eleanor Taylor, Liam C. Taylor, K. E. Tayman, Yesica Tellez, Richard Terrile, Corey D Tesdahl, Quinn N. Thielmann, Gerig Thoman, Daniel Thomas, Jeffrey J. Thomas, William N. Thompson, Noah R. Thornally, Darien P. Tobin, Kelly Ton, Nathaniel J. Toon, Kevin Tran, Bryn Tran, Maedee Trank-Greene, Emily D. Trautwein, Robert B. Traxler, Judah Tressler, Tyson R. Trofino, Thomas Troisi, Benjamin L. Trunko, Joshua K. Truong, Julia Tucker, Thomas D Umbricht, C. H. Uphoff, Zachary T. Upthegrove, Shreenija Vadayar, Whitney Valencia, Mia M. Vallery, Eleanor Vanetten, John D. Vann, Ilian Varela, Alexandr Vassilyev, Nicholas J. Vaver, Anjali A. Velamala, Evan Vendetti, Nancy Ortiz Venegas, Aditya V. Vepa, Marcus T. Vess, Jenna S. Veta, Andrew Victory, Jessica Vinson, Connor Maklain Vogel, Michaela Wagoner, Steven P. Wallace, Logan Wallace, Caroline Waller, Jiawei Wang, Keenan Warble, N. R. D. Ward-Chene, James Adam Watson, Robert J. Weber, Aidan B. Wegner, Anthony A Weigand, Amanda M. Weiner, Ayana West, Ethan Benjamin Wexler, Nicola H. Wheeler, Jamison R. White, Zachary White, Oliver S. White, Lloyd C. Whittall, Isaac Wilcove, Blake C. Wilkinson, John S. Willard, Abigail K. Williams, Sajan Williams, Orion K. Wilson, Evan M. Wilson, Timothy R. Wilson, Connor B. Wilson, Briahn Witkoff, Aubrey M. Wolfe, Jackson R. Wolle, Travis M. Wood, Aiden L. Woodard, Katelynn Wootten, Catherine Xiao, Jianing Yang, Zhanchao Yang, Trenton J. Young, Isabel Young, Thomas Zenner, Jiaqi Zhang, Tianwei Zhao, Tiannie Zhao, Noah Y. Zhao, Chongrui Zhou, Josh J Ziebold, Lucas J. Ziegler, James C. Zygmunt, Jinhua Zhang, H. J. Lewandowski

المصدر: The Astrophysical Journal, Vol 948, Iss 2, p 71 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Solar physics, Solar flares, Astrostatistics distributions, Astrophysics, QB460-466

الوصف: Flare frequency distributions represent a key approach to addressing one of the largest problems in solar and stellar physics: determining the mechanism that counterintuitively heats coronae to temperatures that are orders of magnitude hotter than the corresponding photospheres. It is widely accepted that the magnetic field is responsible for the heating, but there are two competing mechanisms that could explain it: nanoflares or Alfvén waves. To date, neither can be directly observed. Nanoflares are, by definition, extremely small, but their aggregate energy release could represent a substantial heating mechanism, presuming they are sufficiently abundant. One way to test this presumption is via the flare frequency distribution, which describes how often flares of various energies occur. If the slope of the power law fitting the flare frequency distribution is above a critical threshold, α = 2 as established in prior literature, then there should be a sufficient abundance of nanoflares to explain coronal heating. We performed >600 case studies of solar flares, made possible by an unprecedented number of data analysts via three semesters of an undergraduate physics laboratory course. This allowed us to include two crucial, but nontrivial, analysis methods: preflare baseline subtraction and computation of the flare energy, which requires determining flare start and stop times. We aggregated the results of these analyses into a statistical study to determine that α = 1.63 ± 0.03. This is below the critical threshold, suggesting that Alfvén waves are an important driver of coronal heating.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1538-4357Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/ffb57592813e460898126014989d49feTest

المؤلفون: Christian Terry MA, Michael Penland PhD, Devon Garland BS, Wendy Wang BS, Taylor Burton BA, Alissa Dark-Freudeman PhD

المصدر: Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Vol 7 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Geriatrics, RC952-954.6

الوصف: Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have received increased clinical attention in recent years. While some MBI research has focused on healthy older adults, research with more emotionally and physically vulnerable populations, such as residents of long-term care facilities (LTCFs), is lacking. The current paper presents quantitative and qualitative results from a pilot study of an individual MBI designed for residents of LTCFs. Participants included 8 residents from two skilled nursing facilities in the southeastern United States. Data were collected between October 2016 through June 2017. A modified MBI is proposed with specific adaptations for LTCF residents. Recommended adaptations for LTCFs include a shift from a group to an individual format, individual weekly instructor–participant meetings, removal of the yoga and full-day silent retreat and shortening the duration of the formal practices. The current study found that these adaptations result in an individual MBI that is accessible to most LTCF residents while still providing the associated benefits of traditional group MBIs.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2333-7214Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/45cca8b073dc4b039836ea96f05edadbTest

المؤلفون: Pokharel, Manusheela, Jensen, Jakob D., Taylor-Burton, Sophia, King, Andy J., John, Kevin K., Upshaw, Sean

المساهمون: National Institutes of Health

المصدر: Social Science & Medicine ; volume 328, page 115967 ; ISSN 0277-9536

مصطلحات موضوعية: History and Philosophy of Science, Health (social science)

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115967Test
https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0277953623003246?httpAccept=text/xmlTest
https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0277953623003246?httpAccept=text/plainTest

المؤلفون: Pokharel, Manusheela, Jensen, Jakob D., John, Kevin K., Christy, Katheryn R., Taylor-Burton, Sophia, Upshaw, Sean

المصدر: Health Communication; 2023, Vol. 38 Issue 12, p2582-2591, 10p

مصطلحات موضوعية: SUNSHINE, SELF-evaluation, FEAR, FACIAL expression, SKIN tumors, UNDERGRADUATES, PHOTOGRAPHY, HEALTH behavior, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, ANALYSIS of covariance, EMOTIONS, DATA analysis software, ULTRAVIOLET radiation

مستخلص: Past research has demonstrated that ultraviolet (UV) photos – which reveal skin damage as dark patches – can increase preventive behaviors. Emerging camera technology facilitates personalized UV photos for interventions, yet little is known about how personalized photos compare to other visuals and what cognitive or affective mechanism explains their persuasive impact. To engage this research line, the current study compared the impact of personalized UV (PUV), stock UV (SUV), and non-UV (NUV) photos and, to advance theorizing on fear appeals, explored underlying affective mechanisms including physiological fear. A sample of 169 undergraduate students participated in a 3 (Visual conditions: PUV, SUV, NUV) × 2 (Efficacy conditions: No efficacy and Efficacy) between-participants message experiment on a computer equipped with iMotions 6.4 that tracked real-time physiological responses (facial expression and skin conductance). Results demonstrated that PUV skin damage photos produced significantly greater self-reported fear and positive valence (detected by facial expression analysis) than NUV and SUV visuals. Mediation analysis demonstrated that fear had a significant indirect effect on the relationship between exposure to PUV skin damage visuals and behavior expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Taylor, Burton, Council of Chief State School Officers, Washington, DC.

تمت مراجعته من قبل الزملاء: N

Page Count: 101

Sponsoring Agency: Annie E. Casey Foundation, Baltimore, MD.
Jesse Stuart Foundation, Ashland, KY.

الواصفات: Adolescents, At Risk Persons, Childhood Needs, Conferences, Early Childhood Education, Educational Improvement, Elementary Secondary Education, Preschool Children, Program Descriptions, School Safety, State Programs, Youth Programs

مصطلحات جغرافية: U.S.; District of Columbia

مستخلص: The Ensuring Student Success Through Collaboration Network, administered by the Council of Chief State School Officers, is comprised of teams of state and local leaders from Arkansas, California, Iowa, Kentucky, Missouri, Oregon, and Washington and works to connect education improvement efforts with other human service reforms, economic development, and community-building initiatives. This document compiles selected presentations from an "Ensuring Student Success Through Collaboration Network" conference held in September of 1999. The focus of this conference was on innovations in early childhood education, programs to better address the needs of youth, and approaches to increasing school safety. Conference papers contained in this document are: (1) "Building Early Childhood Education Infrastructure and Coordination: The Smart Start Experience" (Karen Ponder); (2) "Using Title I and Local Funds To Build Quality Preschool Programs in Charlotte-Mecklenburg: A 'Bright Beginning'" (Anthony F. Bucci); (3) "Assessing the Effectiveness of Preschool Programs in Kentucky" (Kim F. Townley); (4) "The Missouri School Entry Assessment Project" (Sharon Ford Schattgen); (5) "Interventions To Prevent and Reduce Antisocial Behavior and Promote Prosocial Behavior" (Steven Asher); (6) "Project Learn: Making the After-School Hours Work for Boys & Girls Club Members" (Carter J. Savage); (7) "The Talent Development Model" (Bonnie Erickson); (8) "Developmental Assets: Identifying the Building Blocks of Healthy Development that Young People Need To Grow Up To Be Healthy, Caring, and Responsible" (Judy Taccogna); (9) "The National Collaborative on Violence Prevention" (Linda K. Bowen); (10) "Kentucky's Response to Safe Schools" (Lois Adams-Rodgers); (11) "Arkansas' Initiatives To Prevent Youth Violence" (J. B. Robertson); and (12) "Buckner Alternative High School" (Blake Haselton). Two appendices contain the conference agenda and the presenters' biographies. (KB)

رمز الدورية: RIEJAN2003

المؤلفون: Manusheela Pokharel, Jakob D. Jensen, Kevin K. John, Katheryn R. Christy, Sophia Taylor-Burton, Sean Upshaw

المصدر: Health Communication. :1-10

مصطلحات موضوعية: Health (social science), Communication

الوصف: Past research has demonstrated that ultraviolet (UV) photos - which reveal skin damage as dark patches - can increase preventive behaviors. Emerging camera technology facilitates personalized UV photos for interventions, yet little is known about how personalized photos compare to other visuals and what cognitive or affective mechanism explains their persuasive impact. To engage this research line, the current study compared the impact of personalized UV (PUV), stock UV (SUV), and non-UV (NUV) photos and, to advance theorizing on fear appeals, explored underlying affective mechanisms including physiological fear. A sample of 169 undergraduate students participated in a 3 (Visual conditions: PUV, SUV, NUV) × 2 (Efficacy conditions: No efficacy and Efficacy) between-participants message experiment on a computer equipped with iMotions 6.4 that tracked real-time physiological responses (facial expression and skin conductance). Results demonstrated that PUV skin damage photos produced significantly greater self-reported fear and positive valence (detected by facial expression analysis) than NUV and SUV visuals. Mediation analysis demonstrated that fear had a significant indirect effect on the relationship between exposure to PUV skin damage visuals and behavior expectations.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::bea217ae87a603e349517d324a34439eTest
https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2022.2091917Test

المؤلفون: Manusheela Pokharel, Jakob D. Jensen, Sophia Taylor-Burton, Andy J. King, Kevin K. John, Sean Upshaw

المصدر: Social Science & Medicine. 328:115967

مصطلحات موضوعية: Health (social science), History and Philosophy of Science

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::dfcbc015a094c14a57a5750b2a0a8e4eTest
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115967Test

المؤلفون: Pokharel, Manusheela, Jensen, Jakob D., John, Kevin K., Christy, Katheryn R., Taylor-Burton, Sophia, Upshaw, Sean

المساهمون: no funding

المصدر: Health Communication ; volume 38, issue 12, page 2582-2591 ; ISSN 1041-0236 1532-7027

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2022.2091917Test

المؤلفون: Alissa Dark-Freudeman, Taylor Burton, Devon Garland, Wendy Wang, Christian Terry, Michael Penland

المصدر: Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine
Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Vol 7 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: mindfulness, mindfulness-based stress reduction, RC952-954.6, Original Manuscript, adaptation, long-term care facilities, Long-term care, Nursing, Geriatrics, skilled nursing facilities, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Psychology, Mindfulness based interventions, mindfulness-based intervention

الوصف: Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have received increased clinical attention in recent years. While some MBI research has focused on healthy older adults, research with more emotionally and physically vulnerable populations, such as residents of long-term care facilities (LTCFs), is lacking. The current paper presents quantitative and qualitative results from a pilot study of an individual MBI designed for residents of LTCFs. Participants included 8 residents from two skilled nursing facilities in the southeastern United States. Data were collected between October 2016 through June 2017. A modified MBI is proposed with specific adaptations for LTCF residents. Recommended adaptations for LTCFs include a shift from a group to an individual format, individual weekly instructor–participant meetings, removal of the yoga and full-day silent retreat and shortening the duration of the formal practices. The current study found that these adaptations result in an individual MBI that is accessible to most LTCF residents while still providing the associated benefits of traditional group MBIs.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::6bff5499a8b7bf15301f20134197c02eTest
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8637702Test

المؤلفون: Tenzin, Tashi, Nelp, Taylor Burton, Manice, Nicolas, Morris, Stephen C.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine, Traumatology, Trauma centers--Administration, Emergency medical services, Medical records

الوصف: Background: Globally, trauma represents a growing and significant burden of disease. Many health systems have limited metrics with which to guide development and appropriately inform policy and management decisions with regard to trauma related health care delivery. Findings: This paper outlines the establishment of need for improved trauma related metrics in the country of Bhutan and the process of development of a trauma registry at Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital to meet that need. Conclusions: Trauma registries are important tools allowing health systems to respond to the shifting burden of disease; successful establishment of a trauma registry requires an understanding of the health system and broad institutional support.

العلاقة: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8DN43C0Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8DN43C0Test