المؤلفون: Thomas M. Squires, Agus N.K. Kepakisan, Hery Kusumanegara, Nigel J. Collar, Luh P.E.K. Yuni, Andrew Owen, Andri Nugroho, Mas U. Sarmawi, S. Sunny Nelson, Nurul L. Winarni, Stuart J. Marsden

المصدر: Oryx, Vol 58, Pp 367-377 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Anthropogenic landscapes, Asian songbird crisis, Bali starling, conservation breeding, habitat associations, IUCN Red List, Leucopsar rothschildi, reintroduction, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5

الوصف: The Bali myna Leucopsar rothschildi has long suffered heavy trapping, leading to its near extinction in the wild and categorization as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List. Decades of conservation breeding, release of birds and post-release management at Bali Barat National Park have, until recently, failed to secure a viable wild population. However, over the past decade, population increases, expansion into new areas of the National Park and beyond, and successful breeding in both artificial and natural nest sites have occurred. These recent successes are associated with a change in approach by the National Park authority from concentrating efforts on the last refugium of the species (an area protected from trapping but with potentially suboptimal habitat) and towards the human-dominated landscapes around the main road through the National Park. Bali mynas tended to favour areas with extensive shorter grass cover and open canopies and to shun denser woodland. Anthropogenic landscapes such as farmland and plantations presumably mimic the original savannah habitat of the species, but nestbox provision has probably been crucial in these areas in the absence of natural cavities. A potential further factor in the increases in myna numbers and range has been a scheme involving local people in commercial breeding of the species, thereby reducing its market price, and working with communities to reduce trapping pressure. We encourage continuing operation of this management strategy inside the National Park and its further extension into adjacent tourist areas, which appear to have myna-friendly socio-ecological conditions.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0030605323000777/type/journal_articleTest; https://doaj.org/toc/0030-6053Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1365-3008Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/83a923afaccf45378d51049cc07b0f24Test

المؤلفون: Harry Marshall, Nigel J. Collar, Alexander C. Lees, Andrew Moss, Pramana Yuda, Stuart J. Marsden

المصدر: People and Nature, Vol 2, Iss 4, Pp 877-888 (2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: cage‐bird, conservation marketing, consumer demand, sustainable use, wildlife trade, Human ecology. Anthropogeography, GF1-900, Ecology, QH540-549.5

الوصف: Abstract Over 70 million cage‐birds are kept across 12 million households on the island of Java, Indonesia, fuelling serious concerns for the health of regional wild bird populations. Understanding the behaviours, preferences and demographic profiles of bird‐keepers will guide attempts to reduce demand for wild birds and hence the impact of trade on wild populations and their host ecosystems. We profile three songbird‐keeping user‐groups based on interviews of nearly one thousand people across Java: hobbyists, who own birds primarily as pets; contestants, who own birds to enter in singing contests; and breeders, who own birds to breed and train for resale or as a pastime. User‐groups diverged in their bird‐keeping habits and preferences. Hobbyists tended to own small numbers of inexpensive and typically native birds, while contestants and breeders owned larger numbers of often valuable birds. Hobbyists were far less likely to consider origin when buying a bird, owned a larger proportion of both potentially wild‐caught and globally threatened birds, but showed no preference for any taxon. By contrast, owning relatively large numbers of lovebirds Agapornis spp. and Zebra Doves Geopelia striata were key characteristics of contestants, while breeders owned the largest number of birds and species, in particular White‐rumped Shamas Kittacincla malabarica. Within a 2‐year period, user‐group membership was fluid, with much transitioning between non‐bird ownership and hobbyists, recruitment of non‐bird owners to contestants and movement both in and out of the breeder group. Our study provides behavioural change efforts with demographic and geographic profiles to target bird‐keepers, who tended to be more affluent and urban and to live in the eastern provinces. Among bird‐keepers, hobbyists tended to be middle‐aged and lived in the western provinces, contestants were younger urban bird‐keepers employed in business and breeders were commoner in the eastern provinces, reflecting the cultural importance of bird‐keeping among the Javanese. Efforts to increase the sustainability of bird‐keeping in Java should focus on emphasizing the importance of captive‐bred birds, in particular to hobbyists, the largest user‐group, whose bird‐keeping behaviour poses the biggest threat to wild bird populations, whilst also incentivizing legitimate breeding enterprises among contestants and breeders.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2575-8314Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/cd8f72204b144f688975c1e8b1fcc039Test

المؤلفون: Anna Reuleaux, Benny A. Siregar, Nigel J. Collar, Ani Mardiastuti, Stuart J. Marsden

المصدر: Avian Research, Vol 13, Iss , Pp 100015- (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Camera-traps, Competition, Conservation, Hornbills, Parrots, Predation, Zoology, QL1-991

الوصف: Knowledge of breeding success and its limiting factors is crucial in assessing species’ conservation needs. As cavity-nesters, parrots are particularly influenced by the availability of suitable cavities and low breeding output, whether due to natural processes or trapping. On the island of Sumba, Indonesia, the Critically Endangered Citron-crested Cockatoo (Cacatua citrinocristata) has the added problem of co-existing with an unusually rich hole-nesting bird community in a forested environment much constrained by habitat loss. We monitored 95 nesting cavities of cockatoos and their competitors and potential nest-predators, over one to four breeding seasons, using a combination of camera-traps, direct checks on nest contents, and observations from the ground. Competition for suitable cavities was intense among three large parrot species, two owls and a hornbill. Visitation rates by potential competitors were higher at unoccupied cavities than at those containing active nests, reflecting the guarding behaviour of the occupants. The Endangered Sumba Hornbill (Rhyticeros everetti) dominated observed direct confrontations and was the most frequent visitor to active parrot nests, suggesting a further role as a potential nest-predator. Cockatoos prospected many cavities but rarely then attempted to nest: instead the sites were usually occupied by other cavity-nesters, or by bees. At the few cavities where cockatoos did breed, predation pressure was likely low, and observed success rate high (10 successful of 15 nests), although the low number of nests found early in the breeding cycle suggests that some may have failed before detection. Intense competition for cavities suggests a shortage of suitable nest-sites, the need for preservation of old hole-bearing trees and a role for nestboxes. Accessible, known, safe artificial nest-sites would also provide opportunities to assess the scale of nest-site shortage, allow camera placements to study productivity, exclude some competitors and predators, and prevent illegal trapping. Especially given continued trapping pressure, the species would benefit from targeted local awareness-raising and law enforcement, with the whole endeavour backed up by longer-term forest restoration.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2053716622000111Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2053-7166Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/30278cc22f0d405da23b4bb9d02a183fTest

المؤلفون: Harry Marshall, Gracia A. Glorizky, Nigel J. Collar, Alexander C. Lees, Andrew Moss, Pramana Yuda, Stuart J. Marsden

المصدر: Conservation Science and Practice, Vol 3, Iss 10, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: cage bird, conservation psychology, consumer demand, sustainable use, wildlife trade, Ecology, QH540-549.5, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5

الوصف: Abstract Demand for cage birds is highly prevalent and increasing across Indonesia, as wild bird populations across Asia decline. To find ways to reduce demand, it is important to understand the motivations and psychographic drivers to keep (or not keep) birds, and how demographic characteristics and public attitudes influence such decisions. Based on surveys with over 3,000 people, we found few people citing health, sanitary, or welfare concerns as reasons for not keeping birds, whereas most people started keeping birds to enjoy their beauty or song, or to keep up with peers. Pet‐keepers (“Hobbyists”) commonly started doing so opportunistically; song contest participants (“Contestants”) and breeders and trainers (“Breeders”) did so for financial gain. Bird‐keepers and non‐bird‐keepers disagreed on birds' environmental importance, longevity in captivity, and endangerment by trade. Older respondents were less concerned that keeping birds endangers them and few felt birds to be an important part of the environment. Hobbyists were least likely to consider wild bird population health a major concern. Efforts to dissuade potential bird‐keepers should focus on public concern for the environment and the threat bird‐keeping poses to wild populations. The importance of peer pressure among bird‐keepers presents an opportunity to promote sustainable bird‐keeping activities among key groups.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2578-4854Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/9d4716f5830c4aefa3eb47ed063b53c9Test

المؤلفون: Thomas M. Squires, Pramana Yuda, Panji Gusti Akbar, Nigel J. Collar, Christian Devenish, Imam Taufiqurrahman, Waskito Kukuh Wibowo, Nurul L. Winarni, Ahmad Yanuar, Stuart J. Marsden

المصدر: Global Ecology and Conservation, Vol 28, Iss , Pp e01680- (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Threatened species, Java, Southeast Asia, Citizen science, Biodiversity monitoring, Species distribution modelling, Ecology, QH540-549.5

الوصف: Citizen science projects remain rare in biodiverse yet data-poor countries, contributing to a shortfall in data for biodiversity monitoring and promoting public stewardship of nature. We document and analyse BigMonth2020, a month-long birdwatching event across Java and Bali, publicised through social media and incentivised with grants and competitions. Over 20,000 lists containing 100,000 bird records were submitted to the ‘Burungnesia’ phone application. Spatial coverage extended to 71% of the islands’ 3408 atlas grid squares (6.9 × 6.9 km), including 1613 previously undocumented squares, with 353 bird species recorded, representing 74% of Java and Bali’s avifauna excluding vagrants; 27 threatened species were recorded, with new records for 204 grid squares. Almost 25% of contributors were female, 72% were under 30 years old, and most were graduates and members of birdwatching clubs. The project cost less than US$10,000 to run, and serves as a model for rapidly establishing a distributional baseline for monitoring biodiversity trajectories in the tropics.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2351989421002304Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2351-9894Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/e1020a08fbfd4ed9945bf80ed468a4a5Test

المؤلفون: Fraser Baker, Graham R. Smith, Stuart J. Marsden, Gina Cavan

المصدر: Ecological Indicators, Vol 121, Iss , Pp 107058- (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Regulating ecosystem services, Mapping, Deprivation, Urban, Environmental risk, Uncertainty analysis, Ecology, QH540-549.5

الوصف: Maps of regulating urban ecosystem services (UES) aid identification of priority areas for green–blue infrastructure investment to improve urban resilience to environmental hazards. Current mapping approaches however may present coarse spatial resolutions, and often fail to consider how UES flows serve resident demand at the appropriate micro-scale. In addition, prohibitive costs involved in collecting primary data to validate UES model parameters to local conditions may enforce the use of proxy methods, thereby inferring ambiguity in parameterisation and uncertainty in mapping outputs. This study examines both issues through the implementation of a high-spatial resolution approach to map multiple urban regulating ecosystem service (temperature regulation, stormwater absorption, and carbon storage) deprivation in Manchester, UK. Poorly performing UES areas are defined as the lowest 10% combined ecosystem service indicator values (‘coldspots’) at 100m grid resolution. Coldspots are compared to population demand levels, disaggregated from weighted population estimates, indicating neighbourhoods deprived of UES. Ambiguity in proxy method implementation is examined using combinations of UES parameter settings (n = 16) within various demand measures (n = 3) to measure changes in relationships between UES, and variation in final map outputs across the study area. Uncertainty is therefore quantified as an interactive process, whereby input parameter ambiguity affects local uncertainty in map outputs, due to varying landcover composition. As explicit sensitivity analysis in current UES mapping studies is limited, the study demonstrates how ambiguity in method parameterisation may impact UES mapping exercises. Complex interactions governing spatial variance in map uncertainty may therefore be addressed through identification of consistent areas of interest (e.g. hotspots, coldspots) by contrasting outputs realised from different parameterisations. As such, the study demonstrates the mapping approach as a transferable city-wide visualisation tool, using accessible data and methods, to investigate regulating UES deprivation at practical scales required to retrofit existing urban infrastructure with green-blue infrastructure investment.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X20309973Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1470-160XTest

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/78fba1da6d71411aa52e913a2863e6e2Test

المؤلفون: Christian Devenish, Elio Nuñez Cortez, Graeme Buchanan, Graham R. Smith, Stuart J. Marsden

المصدر: Conservation Science and Practice, Vol 2, Iss 2, Pp n/a-n/a (2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: abundance, Aves, birds, conservation areas, density, distribution, Ecology, QH540-549.5, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5

الوصف: Abstract Conservation ecologists face the dual challenge of working with difficult‐to‐study species and providing ecological metrics that support conservation management at global, regional, and local levels. We present metrics identifying distributions, site‐level and global abundance, site‐contextualized habitat requirements, and threats for seven dry forest endemic birds (two threatened, one Near Threatened) in the globally important Tumbes region of Peru. Extents of occurrence ranged from 36,000 to 152,000 km2, and while broad distributions were generally congruent, nearly half of species overlapped 150,000. Site‐level population estimates varied hugely, reflecting size of site and extreme variation in local abundances. Large tree girths and dense low cover generally promoted bird abundance, but stem density acted in opposite directions for different species, implying the need for site‐ and species‐specific habitat management. Habitat quality varied across sites, further complicating management options at the local level (e.g., reduced grazing). We highlight the suitability of our methods in providing useful conservation metrics for data‐poor regions, and demonstrate their application. Importantly, we propose key sites and priority actions for the region, including extensions of existing protected areas.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2578-4854Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/70e65d7da84e44d19604f8d3853bf86aTest

المؤلفون: Christian Devenish, Elio Nuñez Cortez, Graeme M. Buchanan, Graham Smith, Stuart J. Marsden

مصطلحات موضوعية: Species Distribution Modeling and Climate Change Impacts, Ecological Modeling, Environmental Science, Physical Sciences, Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Management, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Biology, Ecology, FOS Biological sciences, Species Richness, Habitat Suitability, Habitat Fragmentation, Conservation, Species Distribution Modeling, Threatened species, Habitat, Abundance ecology, Biodiversity, Geography, Population, Range aeronautics, Agroforestry, Environmental science, Biology, Demography, FOS Sociology, Sociology, Materials science, Composite material

الوصف: Conservation ecologists face the dual challenge of working with difficult‐to‐study species and providing ecological metrics that support conservation management at global, regional, and local levels. We present metrics identifying distributions, site‐level and global abundance, site‐contextualized habitat requirements, and threats for seven dry forest endemic birds (two threatened, one Near Threatened) in the globally important Tumbes region of Peru. Extents of occurrence ranged from 36,000 to 152,000 km 2 , and while broad distributions were generally congruent, nearly half of species overlapped <50% of their range with other species. Population sizes ranged from the low thousands in the threatened/Near Threatened taxa to >150,000. Site‐level population estimates varied hugely, reflecting size of site and extreme variation in local abundances. Large tree girths and dense low cover generally promoted bird abundance, but stem density acted in opposite directions for different species, implying ... : يواجه علماء بيئة الحفظ التجريدي تحديًا مزدوجًا يتمثل في العمل مع الأنواع التي يصعب دراستها وتوفير مقاييس بيئية تدعم إدارة الحفظ على المستويات العالمية والإقليمية والمحلية. نقدم مقاييس تحدد التوزيعات، ومستوى الموقع والوفرة العالمية، ومتطلبات الموائل في سياق الموقع، والتهديدات لسبعة طيور مستوطنة في الغابات الجافة (اثنان مهددان، وواحد شبه مهدد) في منطقة تومبس ذات الأهمية العالمية في بيرو. وتراوحت درجات الحدوث بين 36000 و 152000 كيلومتر مربع ، وبينما كانت التوزيعات الواسعة متطابقة بشكل عام، تداخل ما يقرب من نصف الأنواع <50 ٪ من مداها مع الأنواع الأخرى. تراوحت أحجام السكان من الآلاف المنخفضة في الأصناف المهددة/شبه المهددة إلى >150,000. اختلفت تقديرات عدد السكان على مستوى الموقع بشكل كبير، مما يعكس حجم الموقع والتباين الشديد في الوفرة المحلية. عززت أحزمة الأشجار الكبيرة والغطاء المنخفض الكثيف بشكل عام وفرة الطيور، لكن كثافة الجذع تصرفت في اتجاهات متعاكسة للأنواع المختلفة، مما يعني الحاجة إلى إدارة الموائل الخاصة بالموقع والأنواع. اختلفت جودة الموائل عبر المواقع، مما زاد من تعقيد خيارات الإدارة على المستوى ...

العلاقة: https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/n1mc8-pdm36Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.60692/thgvc-k663010.60692/n1mc8-pdm36Test

المؤلفون: Stuart J. Marsden, Achmad Ridha Junaid, Fajar Kaprawi, Faris Muladi, Ganjar Cahyo Aprianto, S. (Bas) van Balen, Ria Saryanthi, Nigel J. Collar, Christian Devenish

المصدر: Bird Conservation International. 33

مصطلحات موضوعية: Ecology, Animal Science and Zoology, Nature and Landscape Conservation

الوصف: Summary There is serious concern for the future of a wide range of birds in Java and elsewhere in Indonesia due to both loss of habitat and trapping for the cagebird trade (the so-called “Asian Songbird Crisis”). Despite this concern, few data on presence and abundance of key species exist. We provide such data on 184 bird species from over two years of biodiversity surveys from 37 sites on 12 mountains in West and Central Java. Many of these species are heavily traded, endemic, and globally threatened. Several of the threatened endemics, notably Javan Trogon and Javan Cochoa, were often recorded, in terms of both geographical spread and numerical abundance. Rufous-fronted Laughingthrush, Spotted Crocias, and Orange-spotted Bulbul, believed to be threatened by trapping for the songbird trade, appear to remain fairly widespread. By contrast, Brown-cheeked Bulbul, Chestnut-backed (Javan) Scimitar-babbler, Javan Oriole, and especially Javan Blue-flycatcher, recorded on just a single occasion, and Javan Green Magpie, which we failed to record with certainty, now appear to be extremely rare. Our encounter rates, while not pinned to specific mountains for security reasons, represent an important baseline against which future changes in abundance can be gauged.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::9cc151e37b028ee67bd048498a667636Test
https://doi.org/10.1017/s095927092300014xTest

المؤلفون: Robert W. Martin, Nigel J. Collar, Panji Fauzen, Hanom Bashari, Adi Widyanto, John S. Tasirin, Stuart J. Marsden

المصدر: Restoration Ecology. 31

مصطلحات موضوعية: Ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::39aa86f3d4247636bb3b56e059be89dcTest
https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13770Test