المؤلفون: Haliwa, Ilana (ORCID 0000-0001-7948-5845), Spalding, Rachael, Smith, Kelly, Chappell, Amanda, Strough, JoNell

المصدر: Journal of American College Health. 2022 70(8):2257-2261.

تمت مراجعته من قبل الزملاء: Y

Page Count: 5

الواصفات: Risk, Health Behavior, COVID-19, Pandemics, Mental Health, Psychological Patterns, Life Satisfaction, Anxiety, Depression (Psychology), Stress Variables, Metacognition, Social Support Groups, Student Attitudes, Undergraduate Students, Measures (Individuals), Correlation

مستخلص: Objective: College students' psychological health may be compromised due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we aimed to identify risk (eg, perceived risk of contracting COVID-19) and protective factors (ie, social support, mindfulness) for positive (ie, subjective happiness, satisfaction with life) and negative (ie, depression, anxiety, stress) aspects of psychological health. Participants: Participants were 251 college students at a mid-Atlantic university. Method: Self-report online survey data were collected between March and May 2020 using established measures of risk perception, mindfulness, social support, and psychological health. Results: Greater perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 was associated with greater depression, anxiety, and stress. Greater mindfulness was a protective factor for psychological health. Greater social support was associated with less depression, and greater happiness and life satisfaction. Conclusions: Programs that teach students how to cultivate mindfulness and supportive relationships and reduce their risk of contracting COVID-19 may help protect against depression, stress, and anxiety.

Abstractor: As Provided

المؤلفون: Strough, JoNell, de Bruin, Wändi Bruine, Parker, Andrew

المصدر: Innovation in Aging ; volume 7, issue Supplement_1, page 29-29 ; ISSN 2399-5300

مصطلحات موضوعية: Life-span and Life-course Studies, Health Professions (miscellaneous), Health (social science)

الوصف: Previous research has established that older adults are less biased by irretrievable prior investments or ‘sunk costs’ when making a decisions about continuing a failing project. Such decisions often have implications for other people, but most research to date has focused on individuals making decisions for themselves. Here, we investigated whether age differences in willingness to discontinue a failing project and start over depended upon the intended beneficiary (self or loved one) as well as the type of investment (money or time). Participants (N=1075, Mage=53.49 yrs; 56.2% Women) from the American Life Panel responded to an online survey and made hypothetical decisions about a failing project. At all ages, when the project was for oneself, individuals were less willing to discontinue it and start over when money (versus time) had been invested, whereas when the project was for a loved one, willingness to start over did not depend on whether money or time had been invested. The association between older age and greater willingness to discontinue a failing project and start over was stronger when projects were for oneself compared to a loved one. Implications of the findings for understanding aging and decision making in a social context, and strategies for reducing sunk-cost bias in people of all ages are discussed.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.0096Test
https://academic.oup.com/innovateage/article-pdf/7/Supplement_1/29/54737205/igad104.0096.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Reed, Mickaela, Strough, JoNell

المصدر: Innovation in Aging ; volume 7, issue Supplement_1, page 944-944 ; ISSN 2399-5300

مصطلحات موضوعية: Life-span and Life-course Studies, Health Professions (miscellaneous), Health (social science)

الوصف: Previous research has investigated challenges such as scarcity in housing, the loss of life, and the onset of mental health disorders such as PTSD that persist once a person has experienced a man-made disaster. This has been analyzed in populations such as older adults and other vulnerable groups of people. However, little to no consideration has been given to how age, in combination with trauma history, relates to indicators of psychological well-being after disasters. Here, using Socioemotional Selectivity Theory (SST) (Carstensen, 2006) and the Strength of Vulnerability Integration Model (SAVI) (Charles, 2013) we investigated age differences in two indicators of psychological well-being—depression and anxiety—among individuals following the 2010 Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill (DHOS). Specifically, trauma history and personal exposure to the DHOS were tested as potential moderators of age differences in psychological well-being. Residents of the US Gulf Coast region (N=2,508, M age= 57.72 yrs; 60.4% Women) were contacted via telephone and asked to complete the Survey of Trauma, Resilience, and Opportunity among Neighborhoods in the Gulf (STRONG). Regression analyses were used to investigate the roles of age, prior trauma, and DHOS exposure on psychological well-being after controlling for income, education, race, and gender. Implications of the findings for disaster preparedness interventions and theories of psychological well-being across the life span are discussed.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.3032Test
https://academic.oup.com/innovateage/article-pdf/7/Supplement_1/944/54745365/igad104.3032.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Best, Ryan, Strough, JoNell, Bruine de Bruin, Wändi

المساهمون: National Science Foundation

المصدر: Frontiers in Psychology ; volume 14 ; ISSN 1664-1078

مصطلحات موضوعية: General Psychology

الوصف: In March 2020, COVID-19 brought illness, lockdowns, and economic turmoil worldwide. Studies from March–April 2020 reported increased psychological distress, especially among younger (vs. older) adults. Here, we examine whether age differences persisted in a 29-wave longitudinal survey conducted with an American national life-span sample over the first 16 months of the pandemic. Socio-emotional selectivity theory (SST) predicts that older age will be consistently associated with lower psychological distress due to life-span changes in motivation, while the strength and vulnerability integration model (SAVI) posits that age differences in psychological distress will diminish under prolonged stress. We find that younger adults consistently reported more psychological distress than older adults, though age differences did decrease over time. Prior diagnosis with anxiety or depression additionally predicted greater psychological distress throughout the study, but did not moderate age differences. We discuss implications for psychological theories of aging and interventions to reduce psychological distress.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1101353Test

المؤلفون: Strough, JoNell, author, Smith, Kelly, author

المصدر: Multiple Pathways of Cognitive Aging : Motivational and Contextual Influences, 2021.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197528976.003.0011Test

المؤلفون: Strough, JoNell¹ JoNell.Strough@mail.wvu.edu, Parker, Andrew M², Ayer, Lynsay³, Parks, Vanessa², Finucane, Melissa L²

المصدر: Gerontologist. Mar2024, Vol. 64 Issue 3, p1-11. 11p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *MENTAL depression risk factors, *POST-traumatic stress disorder, *RISK assessment, *SELF-evaluation, *PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience, *RESEARCH funding, *SELF-efficacy, *HEALTH status indicators, *MENTAL health, *CLIMATE change, *AGE distribution, *DESCRIPTIVE statistics, *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress, *AGING, *NATURAL disasters, *WELL-being, *PSYCHOLOGICAL vulnerability

مصطلحات جغرافية: UNITED States

مستخلص: Background and Objectives Climate change threatens well-being and has increased the prevalence of weather-related disasters. We investigated age differences in emotional well-being among adults who had experienced hurricane-related, unavoidable stressors. Socioemotional selectivity theory (SST) posits that age-related motivational shifts buffer older adults against psychological distress, whereas the strength and vulnerability integration model (SAVI) posits that unavoidable stressors are more detrimental to older adults' well-being compared to younger adults. Research Design and Methods We used existing self-report data from a life-span sample of adults (N  = 618, M age = 58.44 years, standard deviation = 16.03, 18–96 years) who resided in the U.S. Gulf Coast region. The sample was recruited in 2016 to examine the sequelae of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and contacted again after the 2017 and 2018 hurricane seasons. In 2016, participants reported their depression, anxiety, and trauma history. After the 2017–2018 hurricane seasons, participants reported their depression, post-traumatic stress, exposure to hurricane-related adversities, injuries and casualties, self-efficacy, and perceived health. Results In line with SST, older age was associated with reporting significantly fewer depression and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, even after controlling for exposure to hurricane-related adversities, injuries and casualties, health, self-efficacy, pre-hurricane depression, anxiety, and trauma. The association between older age and fewer depression symptoms was stronger among those who experienced hurricane-related adversities compared to those who had not, in contrast to predictions based on SAVI. Discussion and Implications We discuss the implications of age-related strengths in emotional well-being for policy and practice in the context of the ongoing climate crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Chappell, Amanda, Smith, Kelly, Strough, JoNell

المصدر: Innovation in Aging ; volume 6, issue Supplement_1, page 511-511 ; ISSN 2399-5300

مصطلحات موضوعية: Life-span and Life-course Studies, Health Professions (miscellaneous), Health (social science)

الوصف: In the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, older age was associated with less anxiety and depression (Bruin de Bruin, 2021). Similar results were found for data collected during the June-July 2020 spike in cases (Smith et al., 2021). Theorists have suggested that benefits of age for well-being may be reduced when stressors are prolonged and unavoidable (Charles, 2010). Here, we investigated whether older age continued to be protective in June-July 2021, when vaccines had become widely available, but the pandemic persisted. Secondary data analysis was conducted from the Understanding America Study, based on n=5,535 (M=52.69 yrs., SD=16.04) participants who responded to online self-report surveys. Participants reported symptoms of anxiety and depression (assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-4), engagement in protective behaviors (e.g., wearing a mask), and coping strategies (e.g., getting extra exercise). Multiple regression analyses predicted anxiety and depression from age, coping strategies, and protective behaviors, controlling for marital status, gender, and income. Coping through exercise and calling family/friends were significantly associated with less anxiety and depression, whereas coping by using social media and engaging in protective behaviors was significantly associated with more anxiety and depression. The harmful effects of protective behaviors may reflect the people engaging in these strategies most often are also those most worried about COVID-19. Even after accounting for coping strategies and protective behaviors, older age was still associated with fewer symptoms of anxiety and depression. Implications of older adults’ resilience in the face of a prolonged stressor for promoting mental health are discussed.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.1955Test
https://academic.oup.com/innovateage/article-pdf/6/Supplement_1/511/48310092/igac059.1955.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Smith, Kelly, Chappell, Amanda, Spalding, Rachael, Wilson, Jenna, Haliwa, Ilana, Strough, JoNell

المصدر: Innovation in Aging ; volume 5, issue Supplement_1, page 720-720 ; ISSN 2399-5300

مصطلحات موضوعية: Life-span and Life-course Studies, Health Professions (miscellaneous), Health (social science)

الوصف: Research conducted early in the COVID-19 pandemic (i.e., March 2020) suggested that older adults were less likely to experience negative pandemic-related mental health than younger people. We investigated whether this age-related advantage persisted during the July 2020 spike in COVID-19 cases and investigated links between coping strategies and mental health. We used data from the Understanding America Study (UAS) to conduct a secondary data analysis of participants (N = 5,753) aged 18-110 years (M=46.20, SD=12.88) who completed online self-report surveys twice—once immediately prior to the July spike in cases, and again during the spike. Surveys assessed engagement in protective behaviors (e.g., wearing a mask, washing hands), coping strategies (e.g., calling family/friends, getting extra exercise, meditating), and anxiety and depressive symptoms (using the Patient Health Questionnaire PHQ-4). Multiple regression analyses were used to identify predictors of anxiety and depression during the spike, controlling for previous anxiety and depression, race, ethnicity, income, education, and marital status. Older age and engaging in protective behaviors were associated with less anxiety, whereas coping by calling family/friends was associated with more symptoms, R2 = .71, F(16, 5736) = 885.90, p < .001. Coping by calling and getting extra exercise were associated with fewer depressive symptoms, whereas coping by using social media was associated with more symptoms, R2 = .72, F(16, 5736) = 906.65, p < .001. These findings highlight age as a protective factor for anxiety but not for depression and underscore the importance of social support as a protective factor for mental health.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.2688Test
https://academic.oup.com/innovateage/article-pdf/5/Supplement_1/720/43187697/igab046.2688.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Haliwa, Ilana, Wilson, Jenna M., Spears, Shantel K., Strough, JoNell, Shook, Natalie J.

المساهمون: National Science Foundation

المصدر: Personality and Individual Differences ; volume 171, page 110469 ; ISSN 0191-8869

مصطلحات موضوعية: General Psychology

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110469Test
https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0191886920306607?httpAccept=text/xmlTest
https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0191886920306607?httpAccept=text/plainTest

المؤلفون: Spalding, Rachael, Strough, JoNell, Edelstein, Barry

المصدر: Innovation in Aging ; volume 4, issue Supplement_1, page 421-421 ; ISSN 2399-5300

مصطلحات موضوعية: Life-span and Life-course Studies, Health Professions (miscellaneous), Health (social science)

الوصف: Population aging has increased the prevalence of surrogate decision making in healthcare settings. However, little is known about factors contributing to the decision to become a surrogate and the surrogate medical decision-making process in general. We investigated how intrapersonal and social-contextual factors predicted two components of the surrogate decision-making process: individuals’ willingness to serve as a surrogate and their tendency to select various end-of-life treatments, including mechanical ventilation and palliative care options. An online sample (N=172) of adults made hypothetical surrogate decisions about end-of-life treatments on behalf of an imagined individual of their choice, such as a parent or spouse. Using self-report measures, we investigated key correlates of willingness to serve as surrogate (e.g., decision-making confidence, willingness to collaborate with healthcare providers), and choice of end-of-life treatments. Viewing service as a surrogate as a more typical practice in healthcare was associated with greater willingness to serve. Greater decision-making confidence, greater willingness to collaborate with patients’ physicians, and viewing intensive, life-sustaining end-of-life treatments (e.g., mechanical ventilation) as more widely accepted were associated with choosing more intensive end-of-life treatments. The current study’s consideration of both intrapersonal and social-contextual factors advances knowledge of two key aspects of surrogate decision making—the initial decision to serve as surrogate, and the surrogate’s selection of various end-of-life treatment interventions. Providers can use information about the role of these factors to engage with surrogates in a manner that better facilitates their decision making.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1359Test
http://academic.oup.com/innovateage/article-pdf/4/Supplement_1/421/34916094/igaa057.1359.pdfTest