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1دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Robin Egger, Talia Härtel, Christoph Randler
المصدر: Birds, Vol 5, Iss 2, Pp 265-277 (2024)
مصطلحات موضوعية: activities, demographics, education for sustainable development, interest, bird species traits, Ecology, QH540-549.5, Animal culture, SF1-1100
الوصف: Bird identification is a necessary skill for citizen science projects, and teaching and learning about species is essential to halt the decline in biodiversity. Here, we investigated bird species knowledge in a case study of Michigan high school students using an online survey. Participants were asked to identify 21 common species, covering a wide range of orders and families. On average, high school students achieved a correct identification score of 35%. The most well-known species were the American Robin, Blue Jay, Cardinal and Turkey Vulture. We found no difference between boys and girls, but identification scores declined with increasing age. Interest was an important predictor of identification knowledge, as were activities (field trips, outings) both in and out of class. Among species traits, high knowledge of a species was positively related to the number of eBird entries (as a proxy for year-round population size), body mass (heavier species were better known) and internet presence. We suggest expanding this study to other states, and we encourage educators and teachers to improve bird knowledge through birding field trips.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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2دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Jingya Zhang, Cui Xiao, Xiaoyu Duan, Xin Gao, Hao Zeng, Rong'an Dong, Gang Feng, Keping Ma
المصدر: Plant Diversity, Vol 46, Iss 3, Pp 353-361 (2024)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Biological specimen, Collection preference, Dominant plant species, Environmental range, Geographical range, Species traits, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Botany, QK1-989
الوصف: Many different factors, such as species traits, socio-economic factors, geographical and environmental factors, can lead to specimen collection preference. This study aims to determine whether grassland specimen collection in China is preferred by species traits (i.e., plant height, flowering and fruiting period), environmental range (i.e., the temperature and precipitation range) and geographical range (i.e., distribution range and altitudinal range). Ordinary least squares models and phylogenetic generalized linear mixed models were used to analyze the relationships between specimen number and the explanatory variables. Random Forest models were then used to find the most parsimonious multivariate model. The results showed that interannual variation in specimen number between 1900 and 2020 was considerable. Specimen number of these species in southeast China was notably lower than that in northwest China. Environmental range and geographical range of species had significant positive correlations with specimen number. In addition, there were relatively weak but significant associations between specimen number and species trait (i.e., plant height and flowering and fruiting period). Random Forest models indicated that distribution range was the most important variable, followed by flowering and fruiting period, and altitudinal range. These findings suggest that future floristic surveys should pay more attention to species with small geographical range, narrow environmental range, short plant height, and short flowering and fruiting period. The correction of specimen collection preference will also make the results of species distribution model, species evolution and other works based on specimen data more accurate.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468265924000155Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2468-2659Test
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3
المؤلفون: Wei, Liping, Sanczuk, Pieter, De Pauw, Karen, Caron, Maria Mercedes, Selvi, Federico, Hedwall, Per-Ola, Brunet, Jörg, Cousins, Sara, 1965, Plue, Jan, Spicher, Fabien, Gasperini, Cristina, Iacopetti, Giovanni, Orczewska, Anna, Uria-Diez, Jaime, Lenoir, Jonathan, Vangansbeke, Pieter, De Frenne, Pieter
المصدر: Global Change Biology. 30(1)
مصطلحات موضوعية: climate change, cross-continental transplant experiment, forest ecosystems, microclimate, species traits, thermal niche, understory species, warming tolerance
الوصف: Climate change is pushing species towards and potentially beyond their critical thermal limits. The extent to which species can cope with temperatures exceeding their critical thermal limits is still uncertain. To better assess species' responses to warming, we compute the warming tolerance (ΔTniche) as a thermal vulnerability index, using species' upper thermal limits (the temperature at the warm limit of their distribution range) minus the local habitat temperature actually experienced at a given location. This metric is useful to predict how much more warming species can tolerate before negative impacts are expected to occur. Here we set up a cross-continental transplant experiment involving five regions distributed along a latitudinal gradient across Europe (43° N–61° N). Transplant sites were located in dense and open forests stands, and at forest edges and in interiors. We estimated the warming tolerance for 12 understory plant species common in European temperate forests. During 3 years, we examined the effects of the warming tolerance of each species across all transplanted locations on local plant performance, in terms of survival, height, ground cover, flowering probabilities and flower number. We found that the warming tolerance (ΔTniche) of the 12 studied understory species was significantly different across Europe and varied by up to 8°C. In general, ΔTniche were smaller (less positive) towards the forest edge and in open stands. Plant performance (growth and reproduction) increased with increasing ΔTniche across all 12 species. Our study demonstrated that ΔTniche of understory plant species varied with macroclimatic differences among regions across Europe, as well as in response to forest microclimates, albeit to a lesser extent. Our findings support the hypothesis that plant performance across species decreases in terms of growth and reproduction as local temperature conditions reach or exceed the warm limit of the focal species.
وصف الملف: print
الوصول الحر: https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-228275Test
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17064Test -
4دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Katsunori Mizuno, Kei Terayama, Shoichi Ishida, Jasmin A. Godbold, Martin Solan
المصدر: Royal Society Open Science, Vol 11, Iss 6 (2024)
مصطلحات موضوعية: convolutional neural network, organism–sediment interactions, bioturbation, ecosystem functioning, species traits, benthic, Science
الوصف: The seafloor is inhabited by a large number of benthic invertebrates, and their importance in mediating carbon mineralization and biogeochemical cycles is recognized. However, the majority of fauna live below the sediment surface, so most means of survey rely on destructive sampling methods that are limited to documenting species presence rather than event driven activity and functionally important aspects of species behaviour. We have developed and tested a laboratory-based three-dimensional acoustic coring system that is capable of non-invasively visualizing the presence and activity of invertebrates within the sediment matrix. Here, we present reconstructed three-dimensional acoustic images of the sediment profile, with strong backscatter revealing the presence and position of individual benthic organisms. These data were used to train a three-dimensional convolutional neural network model and, using a combination of data augmentation and data correction techniques, we were able to identify individual species with an 88% accuracy. Combining three-dimensional acoustic coring with deep learning forms an effective and non-invasive means of providing detailed mechanistic information of in situ species–sediment interactions, opening new opportunities to quantify species-specific contributions to ecosystems.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2054-5703Test
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5دورية أكاديمية
المصدر: Environment International, Vol 188, Iss , Pp 108764- (2024)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Metallic nanoparticles, Machine learning, Species traits, Prediction uncertainty, OECD principles, QSAR, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
الوصف: A strong need exists for broadly applicable nano-QSARs, capable of predicting toxicological outcomes towards untested species and nanomaterials, under different environmental conditions. Existing nano-QSARs are generally limited to only a few species but the inclusion of species characteristics into models can aid in making them applicable to multiple species, even when toxicity data is not available for biological species. Species traits were used to create classification- and regression machine learning models to predict acute toxicity towards aquatic species for metallic nanomaterials. Afterwards, the individual classification- and regression models were stacked into a meta-model to improve performance. Additionally, the uncertainty and limitations of the models were assessed in detail (beyond the OECD principles) and it was investigated whether models would benefit from the addition of more data. Results showed a significant improvement in model performance following model stacking. Investigation of model uncertainties and limitations highlighted the discrepancy between the applicability domain and accuracy of predictions. Data points outside of the assessed chemical space did not have higher likelihoods of generating inadequate predictions or vice versa. It is therefore concluded that the applicability domain does not give complete insight into the uncertainty of predictions and instead the generation of prediction intervals can help in this regard. Furthermore, results indicated that an increase of the dataset size did not improve model performance. This implies that larger dataset sizes may not necessarily improve model performance while in turn also meaning that large datasets are not necessarily required for prediction of acute toxicity with nano-QSARs.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412024003507Test; https://doaj.org/toc/0160-4120Test
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6
المؤلفون: Piirainen, Sirke, Lehikoinen, Aleksi, Husby, Magne, Kålås, John Atle, Lindström, Åke, Ovaskainen, Otso
المصدر: Diversity and Distributions BECC: Biodiversity and Ecosystem services in a Changing Climate. 29(5):654-665
مصطلحات موضوعية: birds, climate change, Fennoscandia, forecasting, land use, model validation, prediction, species distribution modelling, species traits, temporal transferability, Naturvetenskap, Biologi, Ekologi, Natural Sciences, Biological Sciences, Ecology
الوصف: Aim: Species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used to make predictions on how species distributions may change as a response to climatic change. To assess the reliability of those predictions, they need to be critically validated with respect to what they are used for. While ecologists are typically interested in how and where distributions will change, we argue that SDMs have seldom been evaluated in terms of their capacity to predict such change. Instead, typical retrospective validation methods estimate model's ability to predict to only one static time in future. Here, we apply two validation methods, one that predicts and evaluates a static pattern, while the other measures change and compare their estimates of predictive performance. Location: Fennoscandia. Methods: We applied a joint SDM to model the distributions of 120 bird species in four model validation settings. We trained models with a dataset from 1975 to 1999 and predicted species' future occurrence and abundance in two ways: for one static time period (2013–2016, ‘static validation’) and for a change between two time periods (difference between 1996–1999 and 2013–2016, ‘change validation’). We then measured predictive performance using correlation between predicted and observed values. We also related predictive performance to species traits. Results: Even though static validation method evaluated predictive performance as good, change method indicated very poor performance. Predictive performance was not strongly related to any trait. Main Conclusions: Static validation method might overestimate predictive performance by not revealing the model's inability to predict change events. If species' distributions remain mostly stable, then even an unfit model can predict the near future well due to temporal autocorrelation. We urge caution when working with forecasts of changes in spatial patterns of species occupancy or abundance, even for SDMs that are based on time series datasets unless they are critically validated for forecasting such change.
الوصول الحر: https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/c4ce1801-df7f-4f9e-a198-7f1f4c2acf5eTest
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13687Test -
7دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Teixidó, Núria, Carlot, Jérémy, Alliouane, Samir, Ballesteros, Enric, de Vittor, Cinzia, Gambi, Maria Cristina, Gattuso, Jean‐Pierre, Kroeker, Kristy, Micheli, Fiorenza, Mirasole, Alice, Parravacini, Valeriano, Villéger, Sébastien
المساهمون: Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas España = Spanish National Research Council Spain (CSIC), National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS), Institut du Développement Durable et des Relations Internationales (IDDRI), Institut d'Études Politiques IEP - Paris, University of California Santa Cruz (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC), Hopkins Marine Station Stanford, Stanford University, Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation - MARBEC (UMR MARBEC ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
المصدر: ISSN: 1354-1013.
مصطلحات موضوعية: ocean acidification, biodiversity, natural CO2 vents, Mediterranean Sea, species traits, functional diversity, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography
الوصف: International audience ; Global environmental change drives diversity loss and shifts in community structure. A key challenge is to better understand the impacts on ecosystem function and to connect species and trait diversity of assemblages with ecosystem properties that are in turn linked to ecosystem functioning. Here we quantify shifts in species composition and trait diversity associated with ocean acidification (OA) by using field measurements at marine CO2 vent systems spanning four reef habitats across different depths in a temperate coastal ecosystem. We find that both species and trait diversity decreased, and that ecosystem properties (understood as the interplay between species, traits, and ecosystem function) shifted with acidification. Furthermore, shifts in trait categories such as autotrophs, filter feeders, herbivores, and habitat-forming species were habitat-specific, indicating that OA may produce divergent responses across habitats and depths. Combined, these findings reveal the importance of connecting species and trait diversity of marine benthic habitats with key ecosystem properties to anticipate the impacts of global environmental change. Our results also generate new insights on the predicted general and habitat-specific ecological consequences of OA.
العلاقة: hal-04417178; https://hal.science/hal-04417178Test; https://hal.science/hal-04417178/documentTest; https://hal.science/hal-04417178/file/50_Teixid%C3%B3%20et%20al%202024%20%20Functional%20changes%20across%20marine%20habitats%20due%20to%20ocean%20acidification%20GCB.pdfTest
الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17105Test
https://hal.science/hal-04417178Test
https://hal.science/hal-04417178/documentTest
https://hal.science/hal-04417178/file/50_Teixid%C3%B3%20et%20al%202024%20%20Functional%20changes%20across%20marine%20habitats%20due%20to%20ocean%20acidification%20GCB.pdfTest -
8دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Olivier, P. E.N., Lindegren, M., Bonsdorff, E., Nordström, M. C.
المساهمون: Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences
مصطلحات موضوعية: Food web structure, Fourth-corner method, Species traits, Trait matching, Trophic interactions, 1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology
الوصف: Trophic interactions can be both ephemeral and difficult to document, rendering their sampling often incomplete and context-dependent, which makes construction, analysis, and comparison of food webs challenging. Biological traits are central in determining co-occurrence of species (through dispersal, environmental, and interaction filters), as well as the potential for species interactions (through trait matching). Thereby, supplementing empirical, taxonomy-based information on trophic links with trait-based inference may help us build more realistic and adaptable food webs. Here, we go beyond taxonomy to document (i) how traits (e.g., body size, metabolic category and feeding strategy) contribute to local food web structure, and (ii) how associations of consumer-resource traits are structured. We built a trophic-link based trait-interaction network—or trait web—by combining multivariate approaches and network analysis. We found that consumer-resource associations organize into trait profiles that reflect the general vertical structure of the food web, as well as identify groups of limited sets of highly interacting traits. Finally, we discuss the implications of the findings for generating comprehensive and adaptive food webs. ; Peer reviewed
وصف الملف: application/pdf
العلاقة: This study has been funded through the MARmaED project and support from the Åbo Akademi University Foundation (EB and MCN). The MARmaED project received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 675997. The results of this publication reflect only the authors' view and the commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. PO acknowledges the Marie Skłodowska-Curie action and the Åbo Akademi University doctoral network FunMarBio for funding his Ph.D. research. ML acknowledges funding from the EU Horizon Program ACTNOW (Grant Agreement No. 101060072 ), and MCN from the EU Horizon Program MARBEFES (Grant Agreement No. 101060937 ).; Olivier , P E N , Lindegren , M , Bonsdorff , E & Nordström , M C 2024 , ' A network of biological traits: Profiling consumer-resource interactions ' , Food webs , vol. 38 , e00333 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00333Test; ORCID: /0000-0001-5763-1813/work/156156997; http://hdl.handle.net/10138/573372Test; 2b12091a-cbdc-445f-88cb-434999d23e55; 85181901034; 001154267400001
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9دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Cerini, Francesco, Vignoli, Leonardo, Blust, Michael, Strona, Giovanni
المساهمون: Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme
مصطلحات موضوعية: Hmsc, Odonata, Assembly rules, Co-occurrence, Machine learning, Species interactions, Species traits, 1172 Environmental sciences, 1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology
الوصف: The probability of occurrence of a given species in a target locality and assemblage is conditioned not only by environmental/climatic variables but also by the presence of other species (i.e., species co-occurrence). This framework, already complex in nature, becomes even more complicated if one considers the functional traits of species that, in turn, might influence the structure of metacommunities in various ways. Depending on the ecological and environmental setting, functional similarity (i.e., convergence in morphological and ecological traits) between species might either reduce their co-occurrence due to high niche overlap driving negative interactions or promote it if the similar traits are associated with local habitat suitability. Similarly, functional divergence might either promote species co-occurrence by limiting negative interactions through niche separation or reduce it through trait mediated environmental filtering. Therefore, discriminating between these alternative scenarios-predicting whether two species will tend to co-occur or not based on their traits-is extremely challenging. Here, we develop a novel protocol to tackle the challenge, and we demonstrate its effectiveness by showing that ecological species traits can predict species co-occurrence in a large dataset of North American Odonata. To this end, we first used the Hierarchical Modeling of Species Communities framework to quantify the pairwise species co-occurrence after controlling for environmental and climatic factors. Then, we used machine learning to generate models which proved capable of predict accurately the observed co-occurrence patterns from species functional traits. Our approach offers a generalizable analytical framework with the potential to clarify long-standing ecological questions. ; Peer reviewed
وصف الملف: application/pdf
العلاقة: Cerini , F , Vignoli , L , Blust , M & Strona , G 2023 , ' Functional traits predict species co-occurrence patterns in a North American Odonata metacommunity ' , Ecosphere , vol. 14 , no. 12 , e4732 . https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4732Test; ORCID: /0000-0003-2294-4013/work/150795819; c8890cd1-ff5f-43c1-bf89-16aa705cb763; http://hdl.handle.net/10138/569694Test; 001129169500001
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10دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Coulon, Noémie, Elliott, Sophie, Teichert, Nils, Auber, Arnaud, Mclean, Matthew, Barreau, Thomas, Feunteun, Eric, Carpentier, Alexandre
المصدر: Global Change Biology (1354-1013) (Wiley), 2024-01 , Vol. 30 , N. 1 , P. e17157 (15p.)
مصطلحات موضوعية: climate change, community, elasmobranch, joint species distribution modeling, range shift, species traits
الوصف: While spatial distribution shifts have been documented in many marine fishes under global change, the responses of elasmobranchs have rarely been studied, which may have led to an underestimation of their potential additional threats. Given their irreplaceable role in ecosystems and their high extinction risk, we used a 24‐year time series (1997–2020) of scientific bottom trawl surveys to examine the effects of climate change on the spatial distribution of nine elasmobranch species within Northeast Atlantic waters. Using a hierarchical modeling of species communities, belonging to the joint species distribution models, we found that suitable habitats for four species increased on average by a factor of 1.6 and, for six species, shifted north‐eastwards and/or to deeper waters over the past two decades. By integrating species traits, we showed changes in habitat suitability led to changes in the elasmobranchs trait composition. Moreover, communities shifted to deeper waters and their mean trophic level decreased. We also note an increase in the mean community size at maturity concurrent with a decrease in fecundity. Because skates and sharks are functionally unique and dangerously vulnerable to both climate change and fishing, we advocate for urgent considerations of species traits in management measures. Their use would make it better to identify species whose loss could have irreversible impacts in face of the myriad of anthropogenic threats.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
العلاقة: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00875/98665/108146.pdfTest; https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00875/98665/108147.docxTest; https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00875/98665/108148.docxTest; https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00875/98665/108149.pdfTest; https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00875/98665/108150.mp4Test; https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00875/98665Test/
الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17157Test
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00875/98665/108146.pdfTest
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00875/98665/108147.docxTest
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00875/98665/108148.docxTest
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00875/98665/108149.pdfTest
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00875/98665/108150.mp4Test
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00875/98665Test/
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