المؤلفون: Acharya, B., Adams, C., Aleksandrova, A. A., Alfonso, K., An, P., Baeßler, S., Balantekin, A. B., Barbeau, P. S., Bellini, F., Bellini, V., Beminiwattha, R. S., Bernauer, J. C., Bhattacharya, T., Bishof, M., Bolotnikov, A. E., Breur, P. A., Brodeur, M., Brodsky, J. P., Broussard, L. J., Brunner, T., Burdette, D. P., Caylor, J., Chiu, M., Cirigliano, V., Clark, J. A., Clayton, S. M., Daniels, T. V., Darroch, L., Davoudi, Z., de Gouvêa, A., Dekens, W., Demarteau, M., DeMille, D., Deshpande, A., Detwiler, J. A., Dodson, G. W., Dolinski, M. J., Elliott, S. R., Engel, J., Erler, J., Filippone, B. W., Fomin, N., Formaggio, J. A., Friesen, F. Q. L., Fry, J., Fujikawa, B. K., Fuller, G., Fuyuto, K., Gallant, A. T., Gallina, G., Ruiz, A. Garcia, Ruiz, R. F. Garcia, Gardner, S., Gonzalez, F. M., Gratta, G., Gruszko, J., Gudkov, V., Guiseppe, V. E., Gutierrez, T. D., Hansen, E. V., Hardy, C. A., Haxton, W. C., Hayen, L., Hedges, S., Heeger, K. M., Heffner, M., Heise, J., Henning, R., Hergert, H., Hertzog, D. W., Aguilar, D. Hervas, Holt, J. D., Hoogerheide, S. F., Hoppe, E. W., Horoi, M., Howell, C. R., Huang, M., Hutzler, N. R., Imam, K., Ito, T. M., Jamil, A., Janssens, R. V., Jayich, A. M., Jones, B. J. P., Kammel, P., Liu, K. F., Khachatryan, V., King, P. M., Klein, J. R., Kneller, J. P., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Korsch, W., Krücken, R., Kumar, K. S., Launey, K. D., Lawrence, D., Leach, K. G., Lehnert, B., Lenardo, B. G., Li, Z., Lin, H. -W., Longfellow, B., Lopez-Caceres, S., Lunardini, C., MacLellan, R., Markoff, D. M., Maruyama, R. H., Mathews, D. G., Melconian, D., Mereghetti, E., Mohanmurthy, P., Moore, D. C., Mueller, P. E., Mumm, H. P., Nazarewicz, W., Newby, J., Nicholson, A. N., Novitski, E., Ondze, J. C. Nzobadila, O'Donnell, T., Gann, G. D. Orebi, Orrell, J. L., Ouellet, J. L., Parno, D. S., Paschke, K. D., Pastore, S., Pattie Jr, R. W., Petrov, A. A., Pitt, M. L., Plaster, B., Pocanic, D., Pocar, A., Poon, A. W. P., Radford, D. C., Rahangdale, H., Rasco, B. C., Rasiwala, H., Redwine, R. P., Ritz, A., Rogers, L., Ron, G., Saldanha, R., Sangiorgio, S., Sargsyan, G. H., Saunders, A., Savard, G., Schaper, D. C., Scholberg, K., Scielzo, N. D., Seng, C. -Y., Shindler, A., Singh, J. T., Singh, M., Singh, V., Snow, W. M., Soma, A. K., Souder, P. A., Speller, D. H., Stachurska, J., Surukuchi, P. T., Oregui, B. Tapia, Tomalak, O., Torres, J. A., Tyuka, O. A., VanDevender, B. A., Varriano, L., Vogt, R., Walker-Loud, A., Wamba, K., Watkins, S. L., Wietfeldt, F. E., Williams, W. D., Wilson, J. T., Winslow, L., Yan, X. L., Yang, L., Young, A. R., Zheng, X., Zhou, Y.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory

الوصف: This whitepaper presents the research priorities decided on by attendees of the 2022 Town Meeting for Fundamental Symmetries, Neutrons and Neutrinos, which took place December 13-15, 2022 in Chapel Hill, NC, as part of the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee (NSAC) 2023 Long Range Planning process. A total of 275 scientists registered for the meeting. The whitepaper makes a number of explicit recommendations and justifies them in detail.

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/2304.03451Test

المؤلفون: Zheng, T. A., Yang, Y. A., Wang, S. -Z., Singh, J. T., Xiong, Z. -X., Xia, T., Lu, Z. -T.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Physics - Atomic Physics, Nuclear Experiment, Quantum Physics

الوصف: The permanent electric dipole moment (EDM) of the $^{171}$Yb $(I=1/2)$ atom is measured with atoms held in an optical dipole trap (ODT). By enabling a cycling transition that is simultaneously spin-selective and spin-preserving, a quantum non-demolition measurement with a spin-detection efficiency of 50$\%$ is realized. A systematic effect due to parity mixing induced by a static E field is observed, and is suppressed by averaging between measurements with ODTs in opposite directions. The coherent spin precession time is found to be much longer than 300 s. The EDM is determined to be $d({\rm^{171}Yb})={\color{black}(-6.8\pm5.1_{\rm stat}\pm1.2_{\rm syst})\times10^{-27}\ e\ \rm cm}$, leading to an upper limit of $|d({\rm^{171}Yb})|<{\color{black}1.5\times10^{-26}\ e\ \rm cm}$ ($95\%$ C.L.). These measurement techniques can be adapted to search for the EDM of $^{225}$Ra.

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/2207.08140Test

المؤلفون: Deur, A., Chen, J. P., Kuhn, S. E., Peng, C., Ripani, M., Sulkosky, V., Adhikari, K., Battaglieri, M., Burkert, V. D., Cates, G. D., De Vita, R., Dodge, G. E., Fassi, L. El, Garibaldi, F., Kang, H., Osipenko, M., Singh, J. T., Slifer, K., Zhang, J., Zheng, Xiaochao

المصدر: Phys. Lett. B 825 136878 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Nuclear Experiment

الوصف: We present new data on the Bjorken sum $\overline \Gamma_1^{p-n}(Q^2)$ at 4-momentum transfer $ 0.021 \leq Q^2 \leq 0.496$ GeV$^2$. The data were obtained in two experiments performed at Jefferson Lab: EG4 on polarized protons and deuterons, and E97110 on polarized $^3$He from which neutron data were extracted. The data cover the domain where chiral effective field theory ($\chi$EFT), the leading effective theory of the Strong Force at large distances, is expected to be applicable. We find that our data and the predictions from $\chi$EFT are only in marginal agreement. This is somewhat surprising as the contribution from the $\Delta(1232)$ resonance is suppressed in this observable, which should make it more reliably predicted by $\chi$EFT than quantities in which the $\Delta$ contribution is important. The data are also compared to a number of phenomenological models with various degrees of agreement.
Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure. Final version published in Phys. Lett. B

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/2107.08133Test

المؤلفون: Lambo, R., Xu, C. -Y., Pratt, S. T., Xu, H., Zappala, J. C., Bailey, K. G., Lu, Z. -T., Mueller, P., O'Connor, T. P., Kamorzin, B. B., Bezrukov, D. S., Xie, Y., Buchachenko, A. A., Singh, J. T.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Physics - Atomic Physics

الوصف: We present an experimental and theoretical study of the absorption and emission spectra of Yb atoms in a solid Ne matrix at a resolution of 0.025 nm. Five absorption bands were identified as due to transitions from the $4f^{14}5d^06s^2\ ^1\!S_0$ ground state configuration to $4f^{14}5d^06s6p$ and $4f^{13}5d^16s^2$ configurations. The two lowest energy bands were assigned to outer-shell transitions to $6s6p\ ^3P_1$ and $^1P_1$ atomic states and displayed the structure of a broad doublet and an asymmetric triplet, respectively. The remaining three higher-frequency bands were assigned to inner-shell transitions to distinct $J=1$ states arising from the $4f^{13}5d^16s^2$ configuration and were highly structured with narrow linewidths. A classical simulation was performed to identify the stability and symmetry of possible trapping sites in the Ne crystal. It showed that the overarching 1+2 structure of the high frequency bands could be predominantly ascribed to crystal field splitting in the axial field of a 10-atom vacancy of $C_{4v}$ symmetry. Their prominent substructures were shown to be manifestations of phonon sidebands associated with the zero-phonon lines on each crystal field state. Unprecedented for a metal-rare gas system, resolution of individual phonon states on an allowed electronic transition was possible under excitation spectroscopy which reflects the semi-quantum nature of solid Ne. In contrast to the absorption spectra, emission spectra produced by steady-state excitation into the $^1P_1$ absorption band consisted of simple, unstructured fluorescence bands.
Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/2107.04186Test

المؤلفون: Sulkosky, V., Peng, C., Chen, J. -P., Deur, A., Abrahamyan, S., Aniol, K. A., Armstrong, D. S., Averett, T., Bailey, S. L., Beck, A., Bertin, P., Butaru, F., Boeglin, W., Camsonne, A., Cates, G. D., Chang, C. C., Choi, Seonho, Chudakov, E., Coman, L., Cornejo, J. C, Craver, B., Cusanno, F., De Leo, R., de Jager, C. W., Denton, J. D., Dhamija, S., Feuerbach, R., Finn, J. M., Frullani, S., Fuoti, K., Gao, H., Garibaldi, F., Gayou, O., Gilman, R., Glamazdin, A., Glashausser, C., Gomez, J., Hansen, J. -O., Hayes, D., Hersman, B., Higinbotham, D. W., Holmstrom, T., Humensky, T. B., Hyde, C. E., Ibrahim, H., Iodice, M., Jiang, X., Kaufman, L. J., Kelleher, A., Keister, K. E., Kim, W., Kolarkar, A., Kolb, N., Korsch, W., Kramer, K., Kumbartzki, G., Lagamba, L., Laine, V., Laveissiere, G., Lerose, J. J., Lhuillier, D., Lindgren, R., Liyanage, N., Lu, H. -J., Ma, B., Margaziotis, D. J., Markowitz, P., McCormick, K., Meziane, M., Meziani, Z. -E., Michaels, R., Moffit, B., Monaghan, P., Nanda, S., Niedziela, J., Niskin, M., Pandolfi, R., Paschke, K. D., Potokar, M., Puckett, A., Punjabi, V. A., Qiang, Y., Ransome, R., Reitz, B., Roche, R., Saha, A., Shabetai, A., Sirca, S., Singh, J. T., Slifer, K., Snyder, R., Solvignon, P., Stringer, R., Subedi, R., Tobias, W. A., Ton, N., Ulmer, P. E., Urciuoli, G. M., Vacheret, A., Voutier, E., Wang, K., Wan, L., Wojtsekhowski, B., Woo, S., Yao, H., Yuan, J., Zhan, X., Zheng, X., Zhu, L.

المصدر: Nature Physics, Vol. 17 687-692 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Nuclear Experiment

الوصف: Understanding the nucleon spin structure in the regime where the strong interaction becomes truly strong poses a challenge to both experiment and theory. At energy scales below the nucleon mass of about 1 GeV, the intense interaction among the quarks and gluons inside the nucleon makes them highly correlated. Their coherent behaviour causes the emergence of effective degrees of freedom, requiring the application of non-perturbative techniques, such as chiral effective field theory. Here, we present measurements of the neutron's generalized spin-polarizabilities that quantify the neutron's spin precession under electromagnetic fields at very low energy-momentum transfer squared down to 0.035 GeV$^2$. In this regime, chiral effective field theory calculations are expected to be applicable. Our data, however, show a strong discrepancy with these predictions, presenting a challenge to the current description of the neutron's spin properties.
Comment: V1: initial version submitted to Nature Physics. V2: Published version. 16 pages, 7 figures. Additional material: 4 data tables (18 pages) V3: Typo corrected in author list. Paper content unchanged

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/2103.03333Test

المؤلفون: Hutzler, N. R., Borschevsky, A., Budker, D., DeMille, D., Flambaum, V. V., Gabrielse, G., Ruiz, R. F. Garcia, Jayich, A. M., Orozco, L. A., Ramsey-Musolf, M., Reece, M., Safronova, M. S., Singh, J. T., Tarbutt, M. R., Zelevinsky, T.

المصدر: Snowmass LOI 2020

مصطلحات موضوعية: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment

الوصف: We discuss how molecule-based searches offer complementary probes to study the violation of fundamental symmetries. These experiments have the potential to probe not only the electron EDM, but also hadronic CPV phenomena. Future experimental developments will offer generic sensitivity to probe flavor neutral sources of both leptonic and hadronic CPV at scales of $\geq$ 100 TeV, and flavor changing CPV at scales of $\geq$ 1000 TeV.

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/2010.08709Test

المؤلفون: Booth, D. W., Rabga, T., Ready, R., Bailey, K. G., Bishof, M., Dietrich, M. R., Greene, J. P., Mueller, P., O'Connor, T. P., Singh, J. T.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Physics - Atomic Physics

الوصف: We report a method for the precision measurement of the oscillator strengths and the branching ratios of the decay channels of the $6d7p$ $^3F_2$ state in $^{226}$Ra. This method exploits a set of metastable states present in Ra, allowing a measurement of the oscillator strengths that does not require knowledge of the number of atoms in the atomic beam. We measure the oscillator strengths and the branching ratios for decays to the $7s6d$ $^3D_1$, $7s6d$ $^3D_2$, and $7s6d$ $^1D_2$ states and constrain the branching ratio to the $7s6d$ $^3D_3$ state to be less than 0.4$\%$ (68$\%$ confidence limit). The lifetime of the $^3F_2$ state is determined to be $15 \pm 4$ ns.
Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to Physical Review A

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/1910.03047Test

المؤلفون: Sachdeva, N., Fan, I., Babcock, E., Burghoff, M., Chupp, T. E., Degenkolb, S., Fierlinger, P., Haude, S., Kraegeloh, E., Kilian, W., Knappe-Grüneberg, S., Kuchler, F., Liu, T., Marino, M., Meinel, J., Rolfs, K., Salhi, Z., Schnabel, A., Singh, J. T., Stuiber, S., Terrano, W. A., Trahms, L., Voigt, J.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Physics - Atomic Physics

الوصف: We report results of a new technique to measure the electric dipole moment of $^{129}$Xe with $^3$He comagnetometry. Both species are polarized using spin-exchange optical pumping, transferred to a measurement cell, and transported into a magnetically shielded room, where SQUID magnetometers detect free precession in applied electric and magnetic fields. The result from a one week measurement campaign in 2017 and a 2.5 week campaign in 2018, combined with detailed study of systematic effects, is $d_A(^{129}\mathrm{Xe}) = (1.4 \pm 6.6_\mathrm{stat} \pm 2.0_\mathrm{syst})\times10^{-28}~e\,\mathrm{cm}$. This corresponds to an upper limit of $|d_A(^{129}\mathrm{Xe})| < 1.4 \times 10^{-27} ~e\,\mathrm{cm}~(95\%~\mathrm{CL})$, a factor of five more sensitive than the limit set in 2001.
Comment: To be published in Physical Review Letters. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1902.02864

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/1909.12800Test

المؤلفون: Sulkosky, V., Singh, J. T., Peng, C., Chen, J. -P., Deur, A., Abrahamyan, S., Aniol, K. A., Armstrong, D. S., Averett, T., Bailey, S. L., Beck, A., Bertin, P., Butaru, F., Boeglin, W., Camsonne, A., Cates, G. D., Chang, C. C., Choi, Seonho, Chudakov, E., Coman, L., Cornejo, J. C, Craver, B., Cusanno, F., De Leo, R., de Jager, C. W., Denton, J. D., Dhamija, S., Feuerbach, R., Finn, J. M., Frullani, S., Fuoti, K., Gao, H., Garibaldi, F., Gayou, O., Gilman, R., Glamazdin, A., Glashausser, C., Gomez, J., Hansen, J. -O., Hayes, D., Hersman, B., Higinbotham, D. W., Holmstrom, T., Humensky, T. B., Hyde, C. E., Ibrahim, H., Iodice, M., Jiang, X., Kaufman, L. J., Kelleher, A., Keister, K. E., Kim, W., Kolarkar, A., Kolb, N., Korsch, W., Kramer, K., Kumbartzki, G., Lagamba, L., Laine, V., Laveissiere, G., Lerose, J. J., Lhuillier, D., Lindgren, R., Liyanage, N., Lu, H. -J., Ma, B., Margaziotis, D. J., Markowitz, P., McCormick, K., Meziane, M., Meziani, Z. -E., Michaels, R., Moffit, B., Monaghan, P., Nanda, S., Niedziela, J., Niskin, M., Pandolfi, R., Paschke, K. D., Potokar, M., Puckett, A., Punjabi, V. A., Qiang, Y., Ransome, R., Reitz, B., Roche, R., Saha, A., Shabetai, A., Sirca, S., Slifer, K., Snyder, R., Solvignon, P., Stringer, R., Subedi, R., Tobias, W. A., Ton, N., Ulmer, P. E., Urciuoli, G. M., Vacheret, A., Voutier, E., Wang, K., Wan, L., Wojtsekhowski, B., Woo, S., Yao, H., Yuan, J., Zhan, X., Zheng, X., Zhu, L.

المصدر: Phys.Lett.B 805 135428 (2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment

الوصف: The spin-structure functions $g_1$ and $g_2$, and the spin-dependent partial cross-section $\sigma_\mathrm{TT}$ have been extracted from the polarized cross-sections differences, $\Delta \sigma_{\parallel}\hspace{-0.06cm}\left(\nu,Q^{2}\right)$ and $\Delta \sigma_{\perp}\hspace{-0.06cm}\left(\nu,Q^{2}\right)$ measured for the $\vec{^\textrm{3}\textrm{He}}(\vec{\textrm{e}},\textrm{e}')\textrm{X}$ reaction, in the E97-110 experiment at Jefferson Lab. Polarized electrons with energies from 1.147 to 4.404 GeV were scattered at angles of 6$^{\circ}$ and 9$^{\circ}$ from a longitudinally or transversely polarized $^{3}$He target. The data cover the kinematic regions of the quasi-elastic, resonance production and beyond. From the extracted spin-structure functions, the first moments $\overline{\Gamma_1}\hspace{-0.06cm}\left(Q^{2}\right)$, $\Gamma_2\hspace{-0.06cm}\left(Q^{2}\right)$ and $I_{\mathrm{TT}}\hspace{-0.06cm}\left(Q^{2}\right)$ are evaluated with high precision for the neutron in the $Q^2$ range from 0.035 to 0.24~GeV$^{2}$. The comparison of the data and the chiral effective field theory predictions reveals the importance of proper treatment of the $\Delta$ degree of freedom for spin observables.
Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables. Version published in Phys. Lett. B

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/1908.05709Test

المؤلفون: Potterveld, D. H., Fromm, S. A., Bailey, K. G., Bishof, M., Booth, D. W., Dietrich, M. R., Greene, J. P., Holt, R. J., Kalita, M. R., Korsch, W., Lemke, N. D., Mueller, P., O'Connor, T. P., Parker, R. H., Rabga, T., Singh, J. T.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Physics - Atomic Physics

الوصف: Optical trapping techniques are an efficient way to probe limited quantities of rare isotopes. In order to achieve the highest possible measurement precision, it is critical to optimize the optical trapping efficiency. This work presents the development of a three-dimensional semi-classical Monte Carlo simulation of the optical trapping process and its application to optimizing the optical trapping efficiency of Radium for use in the search of the permanent electric dipole moment of $^{225}$Ra. The simulation includes an effusive-oven atomic beam source, transverse cooling and Zeeman slowing of an atomic beam, a three-dimensional magneto-optical trap, and additional processes such as collisions with residual gas molecules. We benchmark the simulation against a well-characterized $^{88}$Sr optical trap before applying it to the $^{225}$Ra optical trap. The simulation reproduces the relative gains in optical trapping efficiency measured in both the $^{88}$Sr and $^{225}$Ra optical traps. The measured and simulated values of the overall optical trapping efficiencies for $^{88}$Sr are in agreement; however, they differ by a factor of $30$ for $^{225}$Ra. Studies of several potential imperfections in the apparatus or systematic effects, such as atomic beam source misalignment and laser frequency noise, show only limited effects on the simulated trapping efficiency for $^{225}$Ra. We rule out any one systematic effect as the sole cause of the discrepancy between the simulated and measured $^{225}$Ra optical trapping efficiencies; but, we do expect that a combination of systematic effects contribute to this discrepancy. The accurate relative gains predicted by the simulation prove that it is useful for testing planned upgrades to the apparatus.
Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Physical Review A

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/1903.07798Test