المؤلفون: Meng-Ju Lin, Tung-Hung Su, Chieh-Chang Chen, Wei-Kai Wu, Shih-Jer Hsu, Tai-Chung Tseng, Sih-Han Liao, Chun-Ming Hong, Hung-Chih Yang, Chun-Jen Liu, Ming-Shiang Wu, Jia-Horng Kao

المصدر: Gut Pathogens, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Hepatitis B virus, Resolved hepatitis B virus infection, Liver cirrhosis, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Gut microbiota, 16S rRNA sequencing, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869

الوصف: Abstract Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes chronic hepatitis B (CHB), liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The evolution of human gut microbiota during the progression of HBV-related liver diseases remains unclear. Therefore, we prospectively enrolled patients with HBV-related liver diseases and healthy individuals. Through 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing, we characterized the gut microbiota of the participants and predicted the functions of microbial communities. Results We analyzed the gut microbiota of 56 healthy controls and 106 patients with HBV-related liver disease [14 with resolved HBV infection, 58 with CHB, and 34 with advanced liver disease (15 with liver cirrhosis and 19 with hepatocellular carcinoma)]. Patients with HBV-related liver disease exhibited a higher degree of bacterial richness (all P

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1757-4749Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/30df2698b5ed478e80793f1d36f0b497Test

المؤلفون: Meng-Ju Lin, Tung-Hung Su, Chieh-Chang Chen, Wei-Kai Wu, Shih-Jer Hsu, Tai-Chung Tseng, Sih-Han Liao, Chun-Ming Hong, Hung-Chih Yang, Chun-Jen Liu, Ming-Shiang Wu, Jia-Horng Kao

المصدر: Gut Pathogens, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-2 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1757-4749Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/d88046a3925143fea8e8f7a944cd2ecaTest

المؤلفون: Chian-Tzu Huang, Yu-Long Chu, Tung-Hung Su, Shang-Chin Huang, Tai-Chung Tseng, Shih-Jer Hsu, Sih-Han Liao, Chun-Ming Hong, Chen-Hua Liu, Hung-Chih Yang, Chun-Jen Liu, Pei-Jer Chen, Jia-Horng Kao

المصدر: Liver Cancer, p 1 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282

الوصف: Introduction: Optimal treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) beyond the Milan criteria is in debate. We aimed to identify candidates for surgical resection (SR) in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) –A/B HCC beyond the Milan criteria with survival benefit. Methods: Patients with BCLC-A/B HCC beyond the Milan criteria at the National Taiwan University Hospital during 2005 and 2019 were screened and those who received transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) or SR were consecutively included. The tumor burden was classified by the seven-eleven criteria into low (≤7), intermediate (7-11) or high (>11). Multivariable cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used for outcome prediction. Results: Overall, 474 patients who received SR (n=247), and TACE (n=227) were enrolled. Patients underwent SR were significantly younger with better liver reserve. There were 76 (31%), and 129 (57%) deaths in the SR and TACE groups after a median follow-up of 3.9 and 2.1 years, respectively. The seven-eleven criteria could distinguish median overall survival (OS) among low (n=149), intermediate (n=203), and high (n=122) tumor burden groups (7.7 vs. 6.9 vs. 2.8 years, respectively, P < 0.001). Patients receiving SR had a significantly higher median OS compared with TACE in those with intermediate (8.2 vs. 2.6 years, P < 0.001) and high (5.6 vs. 1.5 years, P = 0.001) tumor burden. After adjustment for age, sex, and liver reserve, SR was predictive for better OS in intermediate (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.27-0.75) and high tumor burden groups (aHR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.32-0.92). The survival benefit of SR especially confines to patients within 3 tumors. Conclusions: In patients with BCLC-A/B HCC beyond the Milan criteria with tumor burden beyond the up-to-7 criteria but within 3 tumors, SR has better OS than TACE and should be considered in resectable patients.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/529143Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2235-1795Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1664-5553Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/ee79b781a9a947418047f504358a9fc7Test

المؤلفون: Sih-Han Liao, Chien-Ching Hung, Chiung-Nien Chen, Jui-Yi Yen, Chen-Yang Hsu, Amy Ming-Fang Yen, Chi-Ling Chen

المصدر: Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, Vol 120, Iss , Pp S77-S85 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Antiviral therapy, COVID-19, Remdesivir, Clinical efficacy, Bayesian synthesis sequential design, Medicine (General), R5-920

الوصف: Background/purpose: A synthesis design and multistate analysis is required for assessing the clinical efficacy of antiviral therapy on dynamics of multistate disease progression and in reducing the mortality and enhancing the recovery of patients with COVID-19. A case study on remdesivir was illustrated for the clinical application of such a novel design and analysis. Methods: A Bayesian synthesis design was applied to integrating the empirical evidence on the one-arm compassion study and the two-arm ACTT-1 trial for COVID-19 patients treated with remdesivir. A multistate model was developed to model the dynamics of hospitalized COVID-19 patients from three transient states of low, medium-, and high-risk until the two outcomes of recovery and death. The outcome measures for clinical efficacy comprised high-risk state, death, and discharge. Results: The efficacy of remdesivir in reducing the risk of death and enhancing the odds of recovery were estimated as 31% (95% CI, 18–44%) and 10% (95% CI, 1–18%), respectively. Remdesivir therapy for patients with low-risk state showed the efficacy in reducing subsequent progression to high-risk state and death by 26% (relative rate (RR), 0.74; 95% CI, 0.55–0.93) and 62% (RR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.29–0.48), respectively. Less but still statistically significant efficacy in mortality reduction was noted for the medium- and high-risk patients. Remdesivir treated patients had a significantly shorter period of hospitalization (9.9 days) compared with standard care group (12.9 days). Conclusion: The clinical efficacy of remdesvir therapy in reducing mortality and accelerating discharge has been proved by the Bayesian synthesis design and multistate analysis.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0929664621001832Test; https://doaj.org/toc/0929-6646Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/d5518e8ab6d24eb8a0f1b220934b8717Test

المؤلفون: Ting-Yu Lin, Sih-Han Liao, Chao-Chih Lai, Eugenio Paci, Shao-Yuan Chuang

المصدر: Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, Vol 120, Iss , Pp S46-S56 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: COVID-19, Epidemic, Non-pharmaceutical interventions, Vaccination, SEIR model, Medicine (General), R5-920

الوصف: Background: There are few studies demonstrating how the effectiveness of various extents of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) before and after vaccination periods. The study aimed to demonstrate such an effectiveness in the alteration of the epidemic curves from theory to practice. Methods: The empirical data on the daily reported COVID-19 cases were extracted from open source. A computer simulation design in conjunction with the susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered (SEIR) type model was applied to evaluating confinement measures in Italy with adjustment for underreported cases; isolation and quarantine in Taiwan; and NPIs and vaccination in Israel. Results: In Italy scenario, the extents of confinement measures were 34% before the end of March and then scaled up to 70% after then. Both figures were reduced to 22–69% after adjusting for underreported cases. Approximately 44% of confinement measures were implemented in the second surge of pandemic in Italy.Fitting the observational data on Taiwan assuming the initial outbreak similar to Wuhan, China, 44% of isolation and quarantine were estimated before March 23rd, 2020. Isolation and quarantine were scaled up to 90% and at least 60% to contain community-acquired outbreaks from March 24th, 2020 onwards. Given 15% monthly vaccination rate from December 2020 in Israel, the effectiveness estimates of reducing the infected toll were 36%, 56%, and 85% for NPIs alone, vaccination alone, and both combined, respectively. Conclusion: We demonstrated how various NPIs stamp out and delay the epidemic curve of COVID-19. The optimal implementation of these NPIs has to be planned before wide vaccine uptake worldwide.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0929664621002308Test; https://doaj.org/toc/0929-6646Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/3b3f049a1d88401baacd9e97d97436a3Test

المؤلفون: Sih-Han Liao, Yin-Kai Chen, Shan-Chi Yu, Ming-Shiang Wu, Hsiu-Po Wang, Ping-Huei Tseng

المصدر: SAGE Open Medical Case Reports, Vol 5 (2017)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine (General), R5-920

الوصف: Objectives: Primary hepatic lymphoma is an uncommon cause of hepatic space-occupying lesions. Methods: We describe the case of a 73-year-old man with primary hepatic lymphoma, who presented with a low-grade fever and lower limb weakness which had progressed in the past 2 months. Results: Abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography showed multiple small hepatic tumors. Echo-guided biopsy of the hepatic tumor demonstrated primary hepatic diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Moreover, bone marrow was uninvolved, but the bone marrow smear disclosed hemophagocytosis, which is uncommon in diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Chemotherapy with bendamustine and rituximab treatment was initiated with a dramatic response: hepatic tumors markedly shrank in size shown by follow-up computed tomography and the patient returned to his normal life. Nevertheless, the response was sustained for only 8 months. Finally, the disease resisted further chemotherapy and this patient died of a severe Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. Conclusion: Chemotherapy with bendamustine and rituximab has shown a dramatic, but not durable, response in the present case with old age and multiple comorbidities.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2050-313XTest

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/104faa994185446a81d670a2a405fbbdTest

المؤلفون: Kuan-Yin Lin, Sih-Han Liao, Wen-Chun Liu, Aristine Cheng, Shu-Wen Lin, Sui-Yuan Chang, Mao-Song Tsai, Ching-Hua Kuo, Mon-Ro Wu, Hsiu-Po Wang, Chien-Ching Hung, Shan-Chwen Chang

المصدر: PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 9, p e0137660 (2015)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine, Science

الوصف: This study aimed to describe the epidemiology and risk factors of cholelithiasis and nephrolithiasis among HIV-positive patients in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy.We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of HIV-positive patients who underwent routine abdominal sonography for chronic viral hepatitis, fatty liver, or elevated aminotransferases between January 2004 and January 2015. Therapeutic drug monitoring of plasma concentrations of atazanavir was performed and genetic polymorphisms, including UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1*28 and multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1) G2677T/A, were determined in a subgroup of patients who received ritonavir-boosted or unboosted atazanavir-containing combination antiretroviral therapy. Information on demographics, clinical characteristics, and laboratory testing were collected and analyzed.During the 11-year study period, 910 patients who underwent routine abdominal sonography were included for analysis. The patients were mostly male (96.9%) with a mean age of 42.2 years and mean body-mass index of 22.9 kg/m2 and 85.8% being on antiretroviral therapy. The anchor antiretroviral agents included non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (49.3%), unboosted atazanavir (34.4%), ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (20.4%), and ritonavir-boosted atazanavir (5.5%). The overall prevalence of cholelithiasis and nephrolithiasis was 12.5% and 8.2%, respectively. Among 680 antiretroviral-experienced patients with both baseline and follow-up sonography, the crude incidence of cholelithiasis and nephrolithiasis was 4.3% and 3.7%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, the independent factors associated with incident cholelithiasis were exposure to ritonavir-boosted atazanavir for >2 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 6.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-35.16) and older age (AOR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.00-1.09). The positive association between duration of exposure to ritonavir-boosted atazanavir and incident cholelithiasis was also found (AOR, per 1-year exposure, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.05-2.10). The associated factors with incident nephrolithiasis were hyperlipidemia (AOR, 3.97; 95% CI, 1.32-11.93), hepatitis B or C coinfection (AOR, 3.41; 95% CI, 1.09-10.62), and exposure to abacavir (AOR, 12.01; 95% CI, 1.54-93.54). Of 180 patients who underwent therapeutic drug monitoring of plasma atazanavir concentrations and pharmacogenetic investigations, we found that the atazanavir concentrations and UGT 1A1*28 and MDR1 G2677T/A polymorphisms were not statistically significantly associated with incident cholelithiasis and nephrolithiasis.In HIV-positive patients in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy, a high prevalence of cholelithiasis and nephrolithiasis was observed, and exposure to ritonavir-boosted atazanavir for >2 years was associated with incident cholelithiasis.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4567270?pdf=renderTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/1334ed5e1a9c43f3aa57ff343f27152fTest

المؤلفون: Sih-Han Liao, 廖思涵

مرشدي الرسالة: Hsiu-Hsi Chen, Kuo-Liong Chien, 陳秀熙, 簡國龍

الوصف: 107
Background After a series of prevention programs of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) over four decades, the overall incidence and mortality of HCC have started to decline between the late 1990s and the early 2000s in Taiwan. However, whether such declining trends of incidence and mortality have the same pattern by age groups and geographic areas is still elusive. Elucidating the time trends of both incidence and mortality in relation to these prevention programs play an important role in predicting the disease burden of HCC for decision-makers. Aims This thesis aimed to (1) report and assess the respective contributions of both time trends in incidence and case-fatality rate to the time trend of mortality by different age groups with empirical data and the modelling approach; (2) assess the effects of baseline (intercept), gradient (slope), and three change-point on time trends of incidence, case-fatality rate, and mortality; (3) predict three time trends of incidence, case-fatality rate, and mortality rate until 2025. Data Sources Empirical data used for estimating the parameters of the underlying model were derived from national vital statistics on incident cases of and deaths from HCC between 1979 and 2016 spanning three main interventions, mass vaccination, national health insurance, and antiviral therapy commencing from 1984, 1995, and 2004 (three change-points), respectively. Methods The empirical time trends of mortality were decomposed into both of incidence and case-fatality by age groups and geographic areas. We then developed a Bayesian mortality decomposition Poisson regression model to estimate the attributable proportion of incidence and case-fatality contributing to mortality due to three change-points of intervention programs. Bayesian hierarchical change-point models were proposed to model a cascade of the impacts from baseline values, gradients, and change-point on incidence, case-fatality, and mortality with respect to four age groups and 20 geographic areas. Results Based on Poisson regression underpinning, a statistical method was developed to decompose the trend change in mortality into the proportions attributable to incidence and case-fatality. The HCC mortality and incidence of individuals aged 30 to 84 years between 1979 to 2013 was extracted to evaluate the attributable proportion. Based on the time trends of HCC mortality and incidence incorporated with the time points for the implementation of interventions, the changing points were set in 1984, 1995 and 2004. 1979 to 1983, 1984 to 1994, 1995 to 2003 and 2004 to 2013 were defined as Period 1, 2, 3 and 4. The overall mortality reduction for Period 4 compared with Period 1 was -42.3% (95% CI: -46.0 to -38.3%) in the middle-aged group (30-49 years). When the mortality change was separated into the impact of incidence and survival, the results showed an increase in +51.3% (95% CI: 47.2 to 55.4%) attributable to incidence which was overwhelmed by a reduction in case-fatality rate (-71.9%, 95% CI: -74.8 to -68.8%). The overall mortality reduction for Period 4 compared with Period 3 was -22.8% (95% CI: -24.1 to -21.5%) in the middle-age group (50-69 years). This was separated into the proportion attributable to incidence and survival, which showed a reduction by -10.7% (95%CI: -12.1 to -9.3%) in HCC incidence during the period of national viral hepatitis therapy program. The change in HCC mortality for Period 4 compared with Period 2 was +41.0% (95% CI: 39.0 to 43.0%) in the old-age group. When further decomposing the mortality change for the elders into the proportion attributable to incidence and case-fatality, the results showed a reduction by -47.7% (95% CI: -50.0 to -45.3%) in HCC deaths due to improved survival after universal health care implementation. However, the efficacy was compromised by the increase in incidence rate (+69.2%, 95% CI: 68.2 to 70.1%) in the old age group. Using significant impacts of three intervention programs at individual and county level estimated by using Bayesian hierarchical change-point model, time trends of incidence until 2025 were predicted as 0.41 (95%CI: 0.29-0.54), 17.9 (95%CI: 16.1-20.0), 110.0 (95%CI: 99.8-120.8), and 314.9 (95%CI: 285.9, 346.8) per hundred thousand for < 30, 30-49,50-69, and ≥ 70 years for male and as 0.26 (95%CI: 0.16-0.39), 2.85 (95%CI: 2.36-3.40), 30.1 (95%CI: 26.7-34.0), and 183.7 (95%CI: 163.8-205.1) per hundred thousand for < 30, 30-49,50-69, and ≥ 70 years for female, respectively. For mortality, time trends until 2025 were predicted as 0.08 (95%CI: 0.05-0.11), 9.9 (95%CI: 9.1-10.8), 69.1 (95%CI: 65.0-73.4), and 274.1 (95%CI: 257.1-291.8) per hundred thousand for < 30, 30-49,50-69, and ≥ 70 years for male and as 0.09 (95%CI: 0.05-0.17), 1.5 (95%CI: 1.2-1.8), 17.9 (95%CI: 16.4-19.5), and 165.4 (95%CI: 153.2-178.2) per hundred thousand for < 30, 30-49,50-69, and ≥ 70 years for female, respectively. For overall fatality, time trends until 2025 were predicted as 0.60 (95%CI: 0.42-0.82). Conclusions Bayesian Poisson were developed here to assess the respective contributions of three main prevention program to incidence and case-fatality and Bayesian hierarchical change-point models were used to predict the disease burden of HCC until 2025. These findings have significant implication for providing a new insight into health care planning for prevention of HCC by different age groups and different counties.

وصف الملف: 120

الإتاحة: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/a794h3Test

المؤلفون: Sih-Han Liao, 廖思涵

مرشدي الرسالة: Dwen-Ren Tsai, Chang-Lung Tsai, 蔡敦仁, 蔡昌隆

الوصف: 101
Currently, the utilization from Internet and Cloud computing has dramatically emerging. Therefore, to protect the security of the electronic and digital data from being stolen directly on the Internet is a must. After surveying, both of the encryption and data hiding are suitable and adopted to achieve the purpose of information confidentiality in the paper. In addition, these two methods can also be used based on their characteristics of each algorithm in different fields to validate its effectiveness. This thesis proposes an encryption algorithm - Rubik's Cube algorithm. First, the data are pretreated. With defined size of sub-blocks, we then divide the data into six sub-blocks, and then bind each sub-block to one of six surfaces of Rubik's Cube. Finally, the data on the surfaces are treated with partitions, translations and rotations operations. The algorithm use random numbers to determine the direction of displacements and number of flips for data encryptions. The levels of Rubik's Cube used in this research are 3×3×3. Each small square are with the same size. Empty blocks are padded with blank data In addition, the thesis compare proposed algorithm with common encryption method, analyzing their strengths, weaknesses and applications.

وصف الملف: 66

الإتاحة: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81632957578179060860Test

المؤلفون: Shang-Chin Huang, Tung-Hung Su, Tai-Chung Tseng, Chi-Ling Chen, Shih-Jer Hsu, Sih-Han Liao, Chun-Ming Hong, Chen-Hua Liu, Ting-Yuan Lan, Hung-Chih Yang, Chun-Jen Liu, Pei-Jer Chen, Jia-Horng Kao

المصدر: Hepatology International.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Hepatology

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::12b5df4adb655e3175d749f4af36fcffTest
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12072-023-10545-6Test