المؤلفون: Shaikh, MD Parvez, Sarder, MD

مصطلحات موضوعية: Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control

الوصف: Not too long ago, offshoring was considered a panacea for many U.S. companies to achieve economic sustainability. Offshoring also created an unnecessary movement of goods between the point of consumption and the point of sourcing and hence contributed to greenhouse gas emissions. With many things changed, hundreds of U.S. companies have started Reshoring. Due to supply chain disruptions and increased tax implications, including tariffs, there is a growing desire among companies to achieve economic and environmental sustainability through reshoring. This model case study highlighted the common offshoring challenges and demonstrated new methods/solutions for the companies to save their bottom line. Using the Reshorability Index (RI) and Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) we developed a model to show which products or components we should bring back to the U.S. instead of continuing offshoring. From this study, we have found out that reshoring is not only an economically profitable decision but also has a positive impact on reducing GHG (Greenhouse Gas) emissions. Our research found that the companies that currently offshore heavy products will benefit more from implementing our developed model. Leveraging this model, industries can identify, and compare the ownership cost of their purchased materials and take the decision on potential reshoring. Additionally, companies will be able to calculate the GHG emission and identify the reduction of such emissions due to reshoring.
Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, 8 tables

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/2406.05950Test

المؤلفون: Noelle Brown (ORCID 0000-0002-1755-5155), Benjamin Xie (ORCID 0000-0003-3275-992X), Ella Sarder (ORCID 0000-0002-5010-4786), Casey Fiesler (ORCID 0000-0002-8743-4201), Eliane S. Wiese (ORCID 0000-0002-6837-5007)

المصدر: ACM Transactions on Computing Education. 2024 24(1).

تمت مراجعته من قبل الزملاء: Y

Page Count: 36

الواصفات: Ethics, Computer Science Education, Higher Education, Teaching Methods, Evaluation Methods, Research Methodology, Intervention, Barriers, Educational Research, Professional Associations

مستخلص: The computing education research community now has at least 40 years of published research on teaching ethics in higher education. To examine the state of our field, we present a systematic literature review of papers in the "Association for Computing Machinery" computing education venues that describe teaching ethics in higher-education computing courses. Our review spans all papers published to SIGCSE, ICER, ITiCSE, CompEd, Koli Calling, and TOCE venues through 2022, with 100 papers fulfilling our inclusion criteria. Overall, we found a wide variety in content, teaching strategies, challenges, and recommendations. The majority of the papers did not articulate a conception of "ethics," and those that did used many different conceptions, from broadly applicable ethical theories to social impact to specific computing application areas (e.g., data privacy and hacking). Instructors used many different pedagogical strategies (e.g., discussions, lectures, assignments) and formats (e.g., stand-alone courses, incorporated within a technical course). Many papers identified measuring student knowledge as a particular challenge, and 59% of papers included mention of assessments or grading. Of the 69% of papers that evaluated their ethics instruction, most used student self-report surveys, course evaluations, and instructor reflections. While many papers included calls for more ethics content in computing, specific recommendations were rarely broadly applicable, preventing a synthesis of guidelines. To continue building on the last 40 years of research and move toward a set of best practices for teaching ethics in computing, our community should delineate our varied conceptions of ethics, examine which teaching strategies are best suited for each, and explore how to measure student learning.

Abstractor: As Provided

المؤلفون: Lucarelli, Nicholas, Ginley, Brandon, Zee, Jarcy, Mimar, Sayat, Paul, Anindya S, Jain, Sanjay, Han, Seung Seok, Rodrigues, Luis, Ozrazgat-Baslanti, Tezcan, Wong, Michelle L, Nadkarni, Girish, Clapp, William L, Jen, Kuang-Yu, Sarder, Pinaki

المصدر: Kidney360. 4(12)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Epidemiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Kidney Disease, Renal and urogenital, Humans, Creatinine, Deep Learning, Kidney, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Demography, cell and transport physiology, cell biology and structure, molecular biology, Clinical sciences

الوصف: KEY POINTS: The authors leverage the unique benefits of panoptic segmentation to perform the largest ever quantitation of reference kidney morphometry. Kidney features vary with age and sex; and glomeruli size may intricately link to creatinine, defying prior notions. BACKGROUND: Reference histomorphometric data of healthy human kidneys are largely lacking because of laborious quantitation requirements. Correlating histomorphometric features with clinical parameters through machine learning approaches can provide valuable information about natural population variance. To this end, we leveraged deep learning (DL), computational image analysis, and feature analysis to associate the relationship of histomorphometry with patient age, sex, serum creatinine (SCr), and eGFR in a multinational set of reference kidney tissue sections. METHODS: A panoptic segmentation neural network was developed and used to segment viable and sclerotic glomeruli, cortical and medullary interstitia, tubules, and arteries/arterioles in the digitized images of 79 periodic acid–Schiff-stained human nephrectomy sections showing minimal pathologic changes. Simple morphometrics (e.g., area, radius, density) were quantified from the segmented classes. Regression analysis aided in determining the association of histomorphometric parameters with age, sex, SCr, and eGFR. RESULTS: Our DL model achieved high segmentation performance for all test compartments. The size and density of glomeruli, tubules, and arteries/arterioles varied significantly among healthy humans, with potentially large differences between geographically diverse patients. Glomerular size was significantly correlated with SCr and eGFR. Slight, albeit significant, differences in renal vasculature were observed between sexes. Glomerulosclerosis percentage increased, and cortical density of arteries/arterioles decreased, as a function of increasing age. CONCLUSIONS: Using DL, we automated precise measurements of kidney histomorphometric features. In the reference kidney tissue, several histomorphometric features demonstrated significant correlation to patient demographics, SCr, and eGFR. DL tools can increase the efficiency and rigor of histomorphometric analysis.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/16b2w5gxTest

المؤلفون: Keith Siew, Kevin A. Nestler, Charlotte Nelson, Viola D’Ambrosio, Chutong Zhong, Zhongwang Li, Alessandra Grillo, Elizabeth R. Wan, Vaksha Patel, Eliah Overbey, JangKeun Kim, Sanghee Yun, Michael B. Vaughan, Chris Cheshire, Laura Cubitt, Jessica Broni-Tabi, Maneera Yousef Al-Jaber, Valery Boyko, Cem Meydan, Peter Barker, Shehbeel Arif, Fatemeh Afsari, Noah Allen, Mohammed Al-Maadheed, Selin Altinok, Nourdine Bah, Samuel Border, Amanda L. Brown, Keith Burling, Margareth Cheng-Campbell, Lorianna M. Colón, Lovorka Degoricija, Nichola Figg, Rebecca Finch, Jonathan Foox, Pouya Faridi, Alison French, Samrawit Gebre, Peter Gordon, Nadia Houerbi, Hossein Valipour Kahrood, Frederico C. Kiffer, Aleksandra S. Klosinska, Angela Kubik, Han-Chung Lee, Yinghui Li, Nicholas Lucarelli, Anthony L. Marullo, Irina Matei, Colleen M. McCann, Sayat Mimar, Ahmed Naglah, Jérôme Nicod, Kevin M. O’Shaughnessy, Lorraine Christine De Oliveira, Leah Oswalt, Laura Ioana Patras, San-huei Lai Polo, María Rodríguez-Lopez, Candice Roufosse, Omid Sadeghi-Alavijeh, Rebekah Sanchez-Hodge, Anindya S. Paul, Ralf Bernd Schittenhelm, Annalise Schweickart, Ryan T. Scott, Terry Chin Choy Lim Kam Sian, Willian A. da Silveira, Hubert Slawinski, Daniel Snell, Julio Sosa, Amanda M. Saravia-Butler, Marshall Tabetah, Erwin Tanuwidjaya, Simon Walker-Samuel, Xiaoping Yang, Yasmin, Haijian Zhang, Jasminka Godovac-Zimmermann, Pinaki Sarder, Lauren M. Sanders, Sylvain V. Costes, Robert A. A. Campbell, Fathi Karouia, Vidya Mohamed-Alis, Samuel Rodriques, Steven Lynham, Joel Ricky Steele, Sergio Baranzini, Hossein Fazelinia, Zhongquan Dai, Akira Uruno, Dai Shiba, Masayuki Yamamoto, Eduardo A.C.Almeida, Elizabeth Blaber, Jonathan C. Schisler, Amelia J. Eisch, Masafumi Muratani, Sara R. Zwart, Scott M. Smith, Jonathan M. Galazka, Christopher E. Mason, Afshin Beheshti, Stephen B. Walsh

المصدر: Nature Communications, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-20 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Science

الوصف: Abstract Missions into Deep Space are planned this decade. Yet the health consequences of exposure to microgravity and galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) over years-long missions on indispensable visceral organs such as the kidney are largely unexplored. We performed biomolecular (epigenomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, epiproteomic, metabolomic, metagenomic), clinical chemistry (electrolytes, endocrinology, biochemistry) and morphometry (histology, 3D imaging, miRNA-ISH, tissue weights) analyses using samples and datasets available from 11 spaceflight-exposed mouse and 5 human, 1 simulated microgravity rat and 4 simulated GCR-exposed mouse missions. We found that spaceflight induces: 1) renal transporter dephosphorylation which may indicate astronauts’ increased risk of nephrolithiasis is in part a primary renal phenomenon rather than solely a secondary consequence of bone loss; 2) remodelling of the nephron that results in expansion of distal convoluted tubule size but loss of overall tubule density; 3) renal damage and dysfunction when exposed to a Mars roundtrip dose-equivalent of simulated GCR.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2041-1723Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/314b862fbe6c4c54a23cb008317e48c9Test

المؤلفون: Rafee Musabbir, Sarder, Zhang, Michael, PhD

مصطلحات موضوعية: Traffic safety, variable speed limits, crash data, mathematical models, operating costs, economic analysis

الوصف: This project estimates the safety and mobility impact of changing speed limits on California highways. The safety impact is estimated using statistical models to predict the change in the frequency of all crashes and fatal-or-severe crashes that would result by varying the design speed (85th percentile speed). Statewide crash and traffic data (from the Statewide Integrated Traffic Records System, the Highway Safety Information System, and the Performance Measurement System) were combined to develop a balanced and sampled dataset for the statistical models. Three different increases in differential speed limits (DSLs; whereby trucks and cars have different speed limits) lead to increases in the frequency of all crashes, including fatal and severe crashes, for all of the classified segments (urban, rural, and different design speed segments). The operational condition (speed, travel time, delay) is tested using seven simulation segments with urban-rural classification. Four different DSL scenarios and four uniform speed limit (USL) scenarios are tested for each of the simulation segments. The results show a decrease of travel time but an increase of fuel consumption as the speed limits get higher. The safety cost of crashes and operational costs were also estimated based on the simulation models. In general, as the speed limits are increased, the safety costs increase with the predicted increases in crashes, particularly severe and fatal crashes. The operational costs, on the other hand, generally decrease as the speed limits are increased. However, the amount of operational cost decreases are subject to greater uncertainty than the safety cost estimates are, due to uncertainties in sampling and demand estimation and in negligence of construction costs of roadway and signage changes to accommodate the new speed limits. From the economic perspective in this study, raising speed limits on rural California highways could reduce monetary costs, as savings in operational costs would exceed losses from more crashes.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7r94h26cTest

المؤلفون: Sk. Reza-E-Rabbi, Md. Yousuf Ali, Sarder Firoz Ahmmed

المصدر: Alexandria Engineering Journal, Vol 104, Iss , Pp 66-84 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Second-grade fluid, Periodic magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), Nano fluid, Nonlinear radiation, Heat and mass transfer, Arrhenius activation energy, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040

الوصف: The goal of this work is to further improve our knowledge of the nonlinear radiative second-grade nano fluid flow boundary layer phenomena which is associated with an Arrhenius activation energy, a sinusoidal magnetic field, and a stretched peripheral with a heat source. The unsteady governing equations are transformed into a proper dimensionless arrangement, and then the explicit finite difference (EFD) method is applied to numerically calculate the equations. However, precise stability and convergence criteria have been developed to make the solution convergent. Along with the typical profile of other flow fields, the oscillatory forms of the velocity are shown. Tabular research has even demonstrated a relationship between the Nusselt number and other parameters, and graphical depiction has been used for regression and data prediction. The novel conclusions drawn from this research indicate that, in comparison to linear patterns, nonlinear radiative heat flux significantly raises (30.35 %) flow profiles with second-grade characteristics. Moreover, the heat transfer rates of second-grade Nano fluids are seen to be significantly influenced (35.14 %) by the sinusoidal magnetic component. When considering nonlinear thermal radiation, activation energy principles cause a major change (34.19 % more) in mass transmission, as high-temperature processes become an essential part of chemical reactions.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016824006392Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1110-0168Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/2aa9585ca45b4cd6bdb732b308535138Test

المؤلفون: Zsófia Lanszki, Md. Shafeul Islam, Md. Foisal Shikder, Md. Jalal Uddin Sarder, Shahneaz Ali Khan, Sharmin Chowdhury, Md. Nurul Islam, Zsófia Tauber, Gábor Endre Tóth, Ferenc Jakab, Gábor Kemenesi, Sazeda Akter

المصدر: Scientific Reports, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine, Science

الوصف: Abstract Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a highly contagious virus that affects domestic and wild animals, causing severe illness with high mortality rates. Rapid monitoring and sequencing can provide valuable information about circulating CDV strains, which may foster effective vaccination strategies and the successful integration of these into conservation programs. During two site visits in Bangladesh in 2023, we tested a mobile, deployable genomic surveillance setup to explore the genetic diversity and phylogenetic patterns of locally circulating CDV strains. We collected and analysed 355 oral swab samples from stray dogs in Rajshahi and Chattogram cities, Bangladesh. CDV-specific real-time RT-PCR was performed to screen the samples. Out of the 355 samples, 7.4% (10/135) from Rajshahi city and 0.9% (2/220) from Chattogram city tested positive for CDV. We applied a real-time RT-PCR assay and a pan-genotype CDV-specific amplicon-based Nanopore sequencing technology to obtain the near-completes. Five near-complete genome sequences were generated, with phylogenetic relation to the India-1/Asia-5 lineage previously identified in India. This is the first study to provide genomic data on CDV in Bangladesh and the first demonstration of a mobile laboratory setup as a powerful tool in rapid genomic surveillance and risk assessment for CDV in low resource regions.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/52a287857a9241b1a91ccc992f4b3cdeTest

المؤلفون: Ginley, Brandon, Lucarelli, Nicholas, Zee, Jarcy, Jain, Sanjay, Han, Seung, Rodrigues, Luis, Wong, Michelle, Jen, Kuang-Yu, Sarder, Pinaki

مصطلحات موضوعية: Panoptic segmentation, histology, kidney, morphometrics, reference

الوصف: Reference histomorphometric data of healthy human kidneys are lacking due to laborious quantitation requirements. We leveraged deep learning to investigate the relationship of histomorphometry with patient age, sex, and serum creatinine in a multinational set of reference kidney tissue sections. A panoptic segmentation neural network was developed and used to segment viable and sclerotic glomeruli, cortical and medullary interstitia, tubules, and arteries/arterioles in digitized images of 79 periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-stained human nephrectomy sections showing minimal pathologic changes. Simple morphometrics (e.g., area, radius, density) were measured from the segmented classes. Regression analysis was used to determine the relationship of histomorphometric parameters with age, sex, and serum creatinine. The model achieved high segmentation performance for all test compartments. We found that the size and density of nephrons, arteries/arterioles, and the baseline level of interstitium vary significantly among healthy humans, with potentially large differences between subjects from different geographic locations. Nephron size in any region of the kidney was significantly dependent on patient creatinine. Slight differences in renal vasculature and interstitium were observed between sexes. Finally, glomerulosclerosis percentage increased and cortical density of arteries/arterioles decreased as a function of age. We show that precise measurements of kidney histomorphometric parameters can be automated. Even in reference kidney tissue sections with minimal pathologic changes, several histomorphometric parameters demonstrated significant correlation to patient demographics and serum creatinine. These robust tools support the feasibility of deep learning to increase efficiency and rigor in histomorphometric analysis and pave the way for future large-scale studies.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8zp1s8s9Test

المؤلفون: Ahmed, Sarder Iftekhar, Ibrahim, Muhammad, Nadim, Md., Rahman, Md. Mizanur, Shejunti, Maria Mehjabin, Jabid, Taskeed, Ali, Md. Sawkat

مصطلحات موضوعية: Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning

الوصف: Agriculture is of one of the few remaining sectors that is yet to receive proper attention from the machine learning community. The importance of datasets in the machine learning discipline cannot be overemphasized. The lack of standard and publicly available datasets related to agriculture impedes practitioners of this discipline to harness the full benefit of these powerful computational predictive tools and techniques. To improve this scenario, we develop, to the best of our knowledge, the first-ever standard, ready-to-use, and publicly available dataset of mango leaves. The images are collected from four mango orchards of Bangladesh, one of the top mango-growing countries of the world. The dataset contains 4000 images of about 1800 distinct leaves covering seven diseases. Although the dataset is developed using mango leaves of Bangladesh only, since we deal with diseases that are common across many countries, this dataset is likely to be applicable to identify mango diseases in other countries as well, thereby boosting mango yield. This dataset is expected to draw wide attention from machine learning researchers and practitioners in the field of automated agriculture.

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/2209.02377Test

المؤلفون: Md Enamul Hoque, Nazmir-Nur Showva, Mansura Ahmed, Adib Bin Rashid, Sarder Elius Sadique, Tarek El-Bialy, Huaizhong Xu

المصدر: Heliyon, Vol 10, Iss 11, Pp e31978- (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024080095Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2405-8440Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/6f4067378bd542fca90aed22099a6c78Test