المؤلفون: Irina V. Glazunova, Svetlana A. Sokolova, Valery M. Yashin

المصدر: Мелиорация и гидротехника, Vol 14, Iss 2, Pp 108-127 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: assimilation capacity, swamps, constructed wetland, reclamation system, drainage flow, anthropogenic impact, Hydraulic engineering, TC1-978

الوصف: Purpose: substantiation and consideration of the assimilating ability of natural and artificially waterlogged areas within the reclaimed landscapes to support the decision to discharge drainage runoff onto the relief or to create constructed wetland. Materials and methods. The calculation of the hydraulic and anthropogenic impact on the wetlands within the reclamation system and constructed wetlands parameters, taking into account the assimilating capacity of wetlands, was performed using computer program in Excel. Results. The possibility of creating artificially waterlogged sites (bioplatos) within a reclamation system for the discharge and purification of drainage flow with subsequent discharge into the river network is considered. In order to take into account the assimilation capacity of wetlands (bioplatos) and the possibility of dumping contaminated drainage waters into them, the computer calculations were performed and graphs were constructed, the dependence of the bioplatos area on the assimilating ability of higher aquatic plants, as well as the total cost which is trends within 50–250 thousands rubles under given conditions of calculations are obtained. Conclusions. The obtained graphs showing the dependence between bioplato area and phosphorous assimilation allow us to determine the area and assimilating capacity of the bioplatos at drainage flow discharge containing phosphorous in the range from 0.5 to 10 l/s per 1 ha of the area of the structure with a drained area in the range of 200–800 ha, depending on the assimilating ability of higher aquatic plants at concentrations of nutrients of the nitrogen and phosphorus groups exceeding the MPC by 3 times in nitrogen and 60 times in phosphorus at different temperatures conditions.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://rosniipm-sm.ru/article?n=1442Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2712-9357Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/30611b8d3ab14e7aaa1da24867b01902Test

المؤلفون: Sciumbata, Matteo¹ (AUTHOR) m.sciumbata@vu.nl, Wenina, Yeto Emmanuel Mampouya² (AUTHOR), Mbemba, Mackline² (AUTHOR), Dargie, Greta C.³ (AUTHOR), Baird, Andy J.³ (AUTHOR), Morris, Paul J.³ (AUTHOR), Ifo, Suspense Averti² (AUTHOR), Aerts, Rien¹ (AUTHOR), Lewis, Simon L.^3,4 (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Scientific Reports. 7/29/2023, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p1-12. 12p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *PEAT, *SWAMPS, *TROPICAL forests, *PEATLANDS

مصطلحات جغرافية: CONGO River Watershed, MICRONESIA

مستخلص: Tropical peatlands are carbon-dense ecosystems because they accumulate partially-decomposed plant material. A substantial fraction of this organic matter may derive from fine root production (FRP). However, few FRP estimates exist for tropical peatlands, with none from the world's largest peatland complex in the central Congo Basin. Here we report on FRP using repeat photographs of roots from in situ transparent tubes (minirhizotrons), measured to 1 m depth over three one-month periods (spanning dry to wet seasons), in a palm-dominated peat swamp forest, a hardwood-dominated peat swamp forest, and a terra firme forest. We find FRP of 2.6 ± 0.3 Mg C ha−1 yr−1, 1.9 ± 0.5 Mg C ha−1 yr−1, and 1.7 ± 0.1 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 in the three ecosystem types respectively (mean ± standard error; no significant ecosystem type differences). These estimates fall within the published FRP range worldwide. Furthermore, our hardwood peat swamp estimate is similar to the only other FRP study in tropical peatlands, also hardwood-dominated, from Micronesia. We also found that FRP decreased with depth and was the highest during the dry season. Overall, we show that minirhizotrons can be used as a low-disturbance method to estimate FRP in tropical forests and peatlands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Satrija, Fadjar¹ fadjar_s@apps.ipb.ac.id, Nurhidayah, Nanis² nanis.nurhidayah@brin.go.id, Astuti, Dewi Apri³ dewiapriastuti86@gmail.com, Retnani, Elok Budi¹ elokre@apps.ipb.ac.id, Murtini, Sri⁴ srimurtini_fkh@apps.ipb.ac.id

المصدر: Veterinary World. Jul2023, Vol. 16 Issue 7, p1496-1504. 9p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *SWAMPS, *FORAGE, *LEGUMES, *LEAD tree, *NUTRITIONAL requirements, *METABOLITES, *NUTRITIONAL status, *GRASSES

مصطلحات جغرافية: INDONESIA

مستخلص: Background and Aim: Swamp buffaloes play an important role in the rural economy of Indonesia. They consume various forages during their grazing time, including those with anti-parasitic potential. However, the information about the type and quality of forages and their potential as a natural anthelmintic for swamp buffalo is very limited. This study aimed to identify the diversity, quality, and anthelmintic potency of forages consumed by swamp buffaloes reared in Bantarkawung Subdistrict, Brebes District, Central Java Province, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: Samples of forages were obtained during three observation periods of the study, with a 12-week interval between each period. Forage diversity was evaluated by identifying its consumption by swamp buffaloes during their grazing activity in the field and feeding time in their shed. The quality of forages was analyzed using proximate analysis to measure their dry matter (DM), crude fiber (CF), crude protein (CP), crude fat (CFat), and ash contents. This is followed by the calculation of their total digestible nutrient based on the proximate analysis results. Botanical composition analysis was then conducted to measure the predominance of forages consumed by the livestock during their grazing activity. Literature reviews were carried out to explore forage's anthelmintic activity. Results: The results showed that swamp buffaloes consume nine species of forage in the shed and 47 in the grazing area, including nine legumes, 18 grass, and 20 others. Swamp buffaloes consumed forages of lower quality, which contained high CF contents and varying levels of other nutrients below their daily nutritional needs. The grazing activity allowed swamp buffaloes to consume a higher variety of forages with better nutritional quality, thereby enabling them to meet their nutritional needs. Legumes and other forages served as the major protein sources, providing CP of 20.03% DM and 11.53% DM, and CF levels of 17.01% DM and 20.35% DM, respectively. The results also showed that the consumption of these forages increased during the rainy season. The predominant species of legumes consumed were Leucaena leucocephala and Acacia spp., while Alternanthera sessilis and Merremia umbellata were the predominant species of other forages. A total of 13 of the 47 species could potentially be used as natural anthelmintic due to their secondary metabolites, namely, tannin, flavonoid, saponin, terpenoid, diterpenoid, and mimosine. These compounds exert anthelmintic effects by inhibiting egg-hatching and larval development, as well as damaging the surface structure of both larvae and adult worms, ultimately leading to the death of the parasites. Conclusion: Overall, swamp buffaloes consumed more variety of forages during grazing compared to when they were kept in sheds. While the low-variety and low-quality forages provisioned for swamp buffaloes in their shed resulted in a low nutrient intake below their daily requirement. Furthermore, daily grazing activities allowed swamp buffaloes to fulfill and supplement their need by consuming a variety of grasses, legumes, and other forages in their respective grazing areas. Some of these forages also have the potential to become natural anthelmintic because they contain secondary metabolites, such as tannins, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, diterpenoids, and mimosine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Barroso, Solène Fabre¹ (AUTHOR), Flores, Olivier² (AUTHOR), Palmas, Pauline³ (AUTHOR), Pouteau, Robin⁴ (AUTHOR), Meyer, Jean-Yves⁵ (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Pacific Science. Jul2023, Vol. 77 Issue 2/3, p233-251. 19p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *PLANT diversity, *SWAMPS, *STREAM restoration, *ENDANGERED plants, *INTRODUCED species, *MANGROVE plants, *NATIVE plants, *MIXED forests, *FERNS

مصطلحات جغرافية: OCEANIA, FRENCH Polynesia

مستخلص: Littoral and swamp forests are among the most threatened native plant communities in the island of Tahiti (South Pacific) due to past and present anthropogenic pressures such as agriculture, urbanization, pollutions, and invasive alien species, including the mangrove tree Rhizophora stylosa. In order to provide reference data that are crucial to implement appropriate conservation and restoration strategies in these habitats, we assessed the composition and structure of seven littoral and swamp forests types in eighteen 10 × 20 m plots considering three different strata (trees and lianas, epiphytes, and understory). Forest types were compared using common diversity indices (e.g. Shannon index, Simpson index, and Pielou evenness) and indicator values. Results show that native submangrove swamp forests dominated by the tree Talipariti tiliaceum and the large erect fern Acrostichum aureum were the most species-rich, while introduced Rhizophora mangroves had an almost monospecific composition in the trees, lianas, and understory strata. The diversity of trees and lianas was higher in littoral forests with the highest understory cover in Talipariti-Barringtonia asiatica and Talipariti-Inocarpus fagifer plant communities. Surprisingly, epiphyte diversity and abundance were higher in swamp forests with lower canopy, especially in the mixed swamp forest with both A. aureum and R. stylosa. These counter-intuitive results highlight the potential role of introduced species in creating novel microhabitats suitable for the development of some native epiphytes. Conservation and restoration projects should however focus on the use of native species to maintain these remnant littoral and swamp habitats in Tahiti and other high volcanic islands of the Society archipelago, rather than nonnative and potentially harmful species such as R. stylosa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

العنوان البديل: Habenaria Iberá FCA. History and documentation of the first hybrid of the genus registered for Argentina.

المؤلفون: Flachsland, Eduardo^1,2 bifoliumar@yahoo.es, Terada, Graciela^1,2, Schinini, Aurelio²

المصدر: Bonplandia. 2023, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p245-255. 11p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *SWAMPS, *ORCHIDS

الملخص (بالإنجليزية): Orchids are the most numerous flowering plants on our planet and the genus Habenaria, which is one of the most abundant in species, is taxonomically complex and with a pantropical distribution. Locating them in their habitats requires in-depth botanical knowledge and experience to successfully harvest their geophyte or tuberoid corms. Cultivate, hybridize, and reproduce them with biotechnology; requires patience, equipment, and technological expertise. Creating a new orchid hybrid poses challenges in the medium term, no less than five years until it blooms, so choosing the intervening parental species is the most important task in the process. The registration in the Royal Horticultural Society (RHS), is the worldwide award that visualizes all the previous work. In this work, we narrate the story of finding the parents, anecdotes, and adventures of the collecting trips with Aurelio Schinini and the record of the first Argentine hybrid of Habenaria Iberá FCA, an orchid of singular lineage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract (Spanish): Las orquídeas son las plantas con flores más numerosas de nuestro planeta y el género Habenaria, uno de los más abundantes en especies, taxonómicamente complejo y de distribución pantropical. Localizarlas en sus hábitats, demanda profundos conocimientos botánicos y experiencia para cosechar con éxito sus cormos geófitos o tuberoides. Cultivarlas, hibridarlas y reproducirlas por biotecnología requiere paciencia, equipamiento y experiencia tecnológica. Crear un nuevo híbrido de orquídea plantea desafíos a mediano plazo, no menos de cinco años hasta verla florecida, por lo que elegir los parentales intervinientes, es la tarea más relevante del proceso. El registro en la Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) es el premio que visualiza mundialmente toda la tarea previa. En este trabajo narramos la historia de encontrar los parentales, anécdotas y andanzas de los viajes de colección con Aurelio Schinini y el registro del primer híbrido argentino de Habenaria Iberá FCA, una orquídea de singular linaje. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Jia-Wei Zhang¹, Ran Wang¹, Xia Liang¹, Ping Han², Yan-Ling Zheng², Xiao-Fei Li¹, Deng-Zhou Gao¹, Min Liu², Li-Jun Hou¹ ljhou@sklec.ecnu.edu.cn, Hong-Po Dong¹ hpdong@sklec.ecnu.edu.cn

المصدر: Applied & Environmental Microbiology. Jun2023, Vol. 89 Issue 6, p1-13. 13p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *MANGROVE swamps, *GENE clusters, *WETLANDS, *NATURAL products, *MICROBIAL metabolites, *BIOTIC communities, *METABOLITES

مستخلص: Natural microbial communities produce a diverse array of secondary metabolites with ecologically and biotechnologically relevant activities. Some of them have been used clinically as drugs, and their production pathways have been identified in a few culturable microorganisms. However, since the vast majority of microorganisms in nature have not been cultured, identifying the synthetic pathways of these metabolites and tracking their hosts remain a challenge. The microbial biosynthetic potential of mangrove swamps remains largely unknown. Here, we examined the diversity and novelty of biosynthetic gene clusters in dominant microbial populations in mangrove wetlands by mining 809 newly reconstructed draft genomes and probing the activities and products of these clusters by using metatranscriptomic and metabolomic techniques. A total of 3,740 biosynthetic gene clusters were identified from these genomes, including 1,065 polyketide and nonribosomal peptide gene clusters, 86% of which showed no similarity to known clusters in the Minimum Information about a Biosynthetic Gene Cluster (MIBiG) repository. Of these gene clusters, 59% were harbored by new species or lineages of Desulfobacterota-related phyla and Chloroflexota, whose members are highly abundant in mangrove wetlands and for which few synthetic natural products have been reported. Metatranscriptomics revealed that most of the identified gene clusters were active in field and microcosm samples. Untargeted metabolomics was also used to identify metabolites from the sediment enrichments, and 98% of the mass spectra generated were unrecognizable, further supporting the novelty of these biosynthetic gene clusters. Our study taps into a corner of the microbial metabolite reservoir in mangrove swamps, providing clues for the discovery of new compounds with valuable activities. IMPORTANCE At present, the majority of known clinical drugs originated from cultivated species of a few bacterial lineages. It is vital for the development of new pharmaceuticals to explore the biosynthetic potential of naturally uncultivable microorganisms using new techniques. Based on the large numbers of genomes reconstructed from mangrove wetlands, we identified abundant and diverse biosynthetic gene clusters in previously unsuspected phylogenetic groups. These gene clusters exhibited a variety of organizational architectures, especially for nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) and polyketide synthase (PKS), implying the presence of new compounds with valuable activities in the mangrove swamp microbiome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Campion, Otto Bulmaniya (AUTHOR) simon.west@su.se, Djarrbal, Mali (AUTHOR), Ramandjarri, Charlie (AUTHOR), Malibirr, Gladys Womati (AUTHOR), Djigirr, Peter (AUTHOR), Dalparri, Margaret (AUTHOR), Djanbadi, Dale (AUTHOR), Malibirr, Roseann (AUTHOR), Malibirr, Mark (AUTHOR), Munuygu, Evonne (AUTHOR), O'Ryan, Solomon (AUTHOR), Biridjala, Florence (AUTHOR), Bunbuyŋu, Paul (AUTHOR), Gulaygulay, Neville (AUTHOR), Yalandhu, Jonathan (AUTHOR), Guwankil, Margaret (AUTHOR), Campion, Caleb (AUTHOR), Campion, Benjamin (AUTHOR), Bidingal, David (AUTHOR), Guyula, Peter (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Ecological Management & Restoration. May2023, Vol. 24 Issue 2, p75-88. 14p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *LAND management, *SWAMPS, *TRADITIONAL knowledge, *INTERGENERATIONAL relations, *PROJECT evaluation, *ADAPTIVE natural resource management, *DENTAL health education

مصطلحات جغرافية: AUSTRALIA

مستخلص: Summary: As Indigenous Land and Sea Management has grown in scope and scale, there has been increasing focus on monitoring and evaluation to foster learning, strengthen accountability and report on outcomes. A resurgence in Indigenous governance has led to recognition that Indigenous knowledge, law and governance systems are essential to successful conservation initiatives on Indigenous lands. Indigenous‐led monitoring and evaluation involves Indigenous Peoples exercising control, direction and informed decisions about monitoring and evaluation practices and signals a greater role for Indigenous methodologies alongside participatory approaches and Western sciences. This Article describes the Intercultural Monitoring and Evaluation Project, led by the Arafura Swamp Rangers Aboriginal Corporation in partnership with Bi and Yolŋu Traditional Owners and clans and non‐Indigenous practitioners and researchers. The Intercultural Monitoring and Evaluation Project aimed to co‐produce an Indigenous‐led and Country‐based monitoring and evaluation system for Arafura Swamp Rangers Aboriginal Corporation's Healthy Country Plan. The Intercultural Monitoring and Evaluation Project recognised that the Rangers from the Arafura Swamp Rangers Aboriginal Corporation are accountable within Bi, Yolŋu and Western governance systems and that monitoring and evaluation at Arafura Swamp Rangers Aboriginal Corporation needed to strengthen relationships between all three. The Intercultural Monitoring and Evaluation Project involved: (i) developing understandings of monitoring and evaluation in Bi, Yolŋu and Western knowledge systems, (ii) generating organisational roadmaps, targets and indicators, (iii) developing Bi, Yolŋu and Western monitoring methods, (iv) building a data management system and seasonal monitoring calendar, (v) initiating a monitoring and evaluation committee to inform Arafura Swamp Rangers Aboriginal Corporation's strategic decision‐making and (vi) sharing the story of the project with others. This approach embedded monitoring and evaluation in Indigenous law and governance, oral knowledge traditions and the intergenerational kinship relationships that sustain people and Country, while also connecting to Western adaptive management frameworks. Indigenous‐led approaches can integrate monitoring and evaluation with Indigenous practices of caring for Country, contributing directly to the multiple ecological, cultural and socio‐economic goals of Indigenous Land and Sea Management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: EVESON, IMOGEN

المصدر: International Traveller; Jun/Aug2024, Issue 51, p68-74, 7p

مصطلحات موضوعية: MANGROVE swamps, WEDDING photography, WOOD carving, NIGHT photography, SEA breeze

مستخلص: Turtle Island, located in the secluded Yasawa archipelago of Fiji, is a luxury resort that has gained a loyal following of returning guests. The island, originally purchased by American entrepreneur Richard Evanson in 1972, has been transformed into a sustainable tourism destination with over 500,000 trees planted. The resort offers personalized experiences, including private beaches, gourmet picnics, and cultural activities such as kava ceremonies. Guests form deep connections with the staff and other guests, making Turtle Island a unique and memorable destination. [Extracted from the article]

: Copyright of International Traveller is the property of Australian Traveller Media Pty Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

العنوان البديل: BALANCE HÍDRICO EN PANTANOS FELICES BAJO BOSQUES Y PASTOS EN LA CUENCA DEL RÍO BONFIM: REGIÓN SERRANA DEL ESTADO DE RÍO DE JANEIRO. (Spanish)
BALANÇO HÍDRICO EM CAMBISSOLOS HÁPLICOS SOB FLORESTAS E PASTAGENS NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO BONFIM: REGIÃO SERRANA DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO. (Portuguese)

المؤلفون: de Mello Nascimento, Ana Claudia, Geraldes Teixeira, Wenceslau, Ortega Gonçalves, Alexandre, Ohnuma Junior, Alfredo Akira

المصدر: Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental; 2024, Vol. 18 Issue 7, p1-23, 23p

مصطلحات موضوعية: WATER balance (Hydrology), SWAMPS, FORESTS & forestry, PASTURES, BOUNDARY value problems, DRAINAGE

الملخص (بالإنجليزية): Objective: To estimate the water volumes of the main components of BH in a Haplic Cambisol in forests and pastures in the Bonfim River basin, mountainous region of RJ. Theoretical framework: The water balance (BH) accounts for the volumes of water input and output in a given space (Haplic Cambisols under forests and pastures). Method: The study period was 01/01/2000 and 12/31/2019. The HYDRUS-1D model was used to estimate water volumes in BH. Pedotransfer functions were used to determine the physical water parameters of water retention and conduction in the soil. The daily precipitation and evapotranspiration data were considered upper boundary conditions, and the lower boundary conditions were considered free drainage. Water absorption by the roots was considered as the additional factor (Sink factor) in the soil water mass balance. Results and conclusion: The average annual precipitation was 1462 mm and the potential evapotranspiration was 1026 mm. In lhe area under pastures: 83%, 7% and 9% of the total precipitated and percolated, transpired and evaporated, respectively. In areas under forests: these values were 43%, 51% and 6%. In the dry season, evapotranspiration was 20% of the total precipitation in the forest area and 8% in the pasture areas. Percolation in the dry season was 17% of the total precipitation in the pasture and 7% in the forest. In the rainy season the percolated values were 66% in the pasture and 36% in the forest. Implications of the research: Knowing the volumes of water in the components of the BH can help in decisions regarding the organization of land use and cover systems in basins of the Atlantic Forest biome. Changing soil use and cover systems alters the volumes of water percolated or evapotranspired. Originality/value: Estimating the water volumes in the BH components in pasture and forest allows predicting the effects of climate change and land use and their consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract (Spanish): Objetivo: Estimar los volúmenes de agua de los principales componentes de BH en un Cambisol háplico en bosques y pastizales de la cuenca del río Bonfim, región montañosa de RJ. Marco teórico: El balance hídrico (BH) da cuenta de los volúmenes de entrada y salida de agua en un espacio determinado (Cambisoles háplicos bajo bosques y pastos). Método: El periodo de estudio fue 01/01/2000 y 12/31/2019. Se utilizó el modelo HYDRUS-1D para estimar los volúmenes de agua en BH. Se utilizaron funciones de pedotransferencia para determinar los parámetros físicos del agua de retención y conducción en el suelo. Los datos diarios de precipitación y evapotranspiración se consideraron condiciones de límite superior y las condiciones de límite inferior se consideraron de drenaje libre. La absorción de agua por las raíces se consideró como el factor adicional (factor de sumidero) en el balance de masa de agua del suelo. Resultados y conclusión: La precipitación media anual fue de 1462 mm y la evapotranspiración potencial fue de 1026 mm. En el área bajo pastos: 83%, 7% y 9% del total precipitado y percolado, transpirado y evaporado, respectivamente. En las zonas bajo bosque, estos valores fueron del 43%, 51% y 6%. En la época seca, la evapotranspiración fue del 20% de la precipitación total en el área forestal y del 8% en las áreas de pastoreo. La percolación en la época seca fue 17% de la precipitación total en la pastura y 7% en el bosque. En la época de lluvias los valores de percolación fueron de 66% en la pastura y 36% en el bosque. Implicaciones de la investigación: Conocer los volúmenes de agua en los componentes del BH puede ayudar en las decisiones sobre la organización del uso del suelo y los sistemas de cobertura en las cuencas del bioma del Bosque Atlántico. Los cambios en el uso del suelo y los sistemas de cobertura alteran los volúmenes de agua filtrada o evapotranspirada. Originalidad/valor: La estimación de los volúmenes de agua en los componentes de BH en pastos y bosques permite predecir los efectos del cambio climático y el uso del suelo y sus consecuencias. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract (Portuguese): Objetivo: Estimar os volumes de água dos principais componentes do BH num Cambissolo Háplico em florestas e pastagens na bacia do Rio Bonfim, região serrana do RJ. Referencial teórico: O balanço hídrico (BH) contabiliza os volumes de entrada e saída de água em determinado espaço (Cambissolos Háplicos sob florestas e pastagens). Método: O período de estudo foi 01/01/2000 a 31/12/2019. Foi utilizado o modelo HYDRUS-1D para estimar os volumes de água no BH. Funções de pedotransferência foram utilizadas para determinar os parâmetros físico hídricos da retenção e condução da água no solo. Consideraram-se condições de fronteira superior: dados de precipitação e evapotranspiração diários e condições de fronteira inferior: drenagem livre. A absorção da água pelas raízes foi considerada como o fator adicional (Sink factor) no balanço de massa da água no solo. Resultados e conclusão: A precipitação pluvial média anual foi de 1462 mm e a evapotranspiração potencial de 1026 mm. Na área sob pastagem: 83%, 7% e 9% do total precipitado foram percolados, transpirados e evaporados, respectivamente. Na área sob floresta: esses valores foram de 43%, 51% e 6%. Na estação seca a evapotranspiração foi de 20% do total precipitado na área de floresta e de 8% na área de pastagem. A percolação na estação de seca foi 17% do total precipitado na pastagem e 7% na floresta. Na estação chuvosa os valores percolados foram de 66% na pastagem e 36% na floresta. Implicações da pesquisa: Conhecer os volumes de água nos componentes do BH pode auxiliar nas decisões quanto ao ordenamento dos sistemas de uso e cobertura do solo em bacias do bioma Mata Atlântica. A mudança dos sistemas de uso e cobertura do solo altera os volumes de água percolada ou evapotranspirada. Originalidade/valor: Estimar os volumes de água nos componentes do BH em pastagem e floresta permite prever os efeitos de mudança do clima e do uso do solo e suas consequências. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Croley, Michael

المصدر: Bloomberg Businessweek. 2/12/2024, Issue 4812, p60-61. 2p. 1 Color Photograph, 1 Map.

مصطلحات موضوعية: GOLF, SWAMPS, PARADISE, GOLF course architects

مستخلص: The article considers Martin County, Florida as the next golf course destination as real estate developers in collaboration with golf course architects plan to design and create private, upscale courses at five properties. Information is provided about five properties aiming to add world-class golf courses to Florida, including Apogee Club, The Ranch, Atlantic Fields, Sandglass Golf Club, and McArthur Golf Club.