المؤلفون: Jansson, Nils F., Simán, Filip, Allen, Rodney L., Mansfeld, Joakim, 1963, Kampmann, Tobias C.

المصدر: Precambrian Research. 395

مصطلحات موضوعية: Sediment -hosted Zn deposits, SEDEX, Bergslagen, Zinkgruvan, Dating

الوصف: We present improved age constraints for the world-class Zinkgruvan Zn-Pb-Ag and Cu deposit: one of the largest Zn deposits of the Fennoscandian shield, and one of the earliest large, basin-hosted Zn deposits that formed from oxidized saline brines. Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) U-Pb dating on zircon is used to constrain at least two phases of c. 1.9 Ga volcanism in the Zinkgruvan area, separated by a period of fluvial sedimentation, all of which predated formation of the stratiform Zn-Pb-Ag mineralization. A 1908 ± 4 Ma age for a rhyolitic rock of the first volcanic phase is the oldest recorded U-Pb zircon age of a volcanic rock in the Bergslagen lithotectonic unit (BLU) where Zinkgruvan is located. Similarly, two identical ages of 1898 ± 5 Ma for volcanic rocks belonging to the second volcanic phase indicate that the local volcanic activity, which formed the stratigraphic footwall, ended earlier in the Zinkgruvan area than in other parts of the BLU, where intense explosive felsic volcanic and intrusive activity until c. 1891 Ma has been demonstrated. This, along with a hybrid siliciclastic-volcaniclastic (tuffitic) character of the Zinkgruvan ore host, confirms earlier interpretations that the Zinkgruvan deposit formed in an actively subsiding basin, distal to active volcanic centers in the BLU in the time range 1.90–1.89 Ga. Our results support models suggesting that basinal brine-driven hydrothermal systems in sedimentary basins distal to volcanic centers could form world-class Zn deposits as early as c. 1.90 Ga.

وصف الملف: print

الوصول الحر: https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-221222Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2023.107131Test

المؤلفون: Qi Yu, Zhigao Wang, Qingfei Sun, Keyong Wang

المصدر: Minerals, Vol 13, Iss 9, p 1176 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Paleoproterozoic, SEDEX deposit, trace elements, sulfur isotope, Mineralogy, QE351-399.2

الوصف: The Beiwagou Pb-Zn deposit, located in the western part of the Liaodong Peninsula, is a carbonate-hosted stratiform deposit with a Pb + Zn reserve of 0.08 Mt @ 4.14% (Pb + Zn). The orebodies occur as conformable layers and lenses and are strictly controlled by strata (the Paleoproterozoic Gaojiayu and Dashiqiao Formations) and lithology (plagioclase amphibolite and dolomitic marble). Given that previous studies have focused only on the mineralization features and mineralogy of deposits, herein, we report in situ trace element analyses of pyrite using LA-ICP-MS, together with in situ sulfur isotopes of pyrite, to constrain the composition, substitution mechanisms, source of sulfur, and sulfate reduction pathways of pyrite in the Beiwagou deposit. Based on pyrite morphology, texture, and chemistry, four pyrite types were identified: subhedral, porous-to-massive pyrite (Py1) related to chalcopyrite; subhedral, porous crushed pyrite (Py2) associated with fine-grained sphalerite; rounded and porous pyrite (Py3) related to the Zn-rich part of the laminated ore; and anhedral, porous-to-massive pyrite (Py4) associated with pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite, sphalerite, and galena. Py1 is characterized by high As, Ag, Cd, In, Au, Cu, and Zn concentrations and low Te, Bi, and Mo concentrations, whereas Py2 has high concentrations of Co and Ni and low concentrations of other trace elements, such as Cu, Zn, Bi, and Te. Py3 is characterized by elevated As concentrations, low Co, Ni, In, W, Te, and Tl concentrations, and varying Pb concentrations, whereas Py4 has low Ag, Cd, In, Zn, Cu, and Mn concentrations and varying W, Co, Ni, Pb, Sb, and As concentrations. Significant correlations between some elements in each pyrite type suggest substitution mechanisms, such as (Zn2+ + Cu2+ + Mn2+ + Cd2+) ↔ 2Fe2+, Ag+ + (Sb)3+ ↔ 2Fe2+, and (Te+ + Ag+) + Sb3+ ↔ 2Fe2+, and the existence of a negative correlation between Co and Ni implies competition between both elements. The strongly positive δ34S values (12.11‰–23.54‰) are similar to that of seawater sulfates and likely result from thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR). In conclusion, the Beiwagou Pb-Zn deposit is a typical SEDEX deposit and mineralization likely occurred during diagenesis.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/13/9/1176Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2075-163XTest

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/cda4b0ddd9d64051bc4a653622ac6a88Test

المؤلفون: Kannar Ali, Abdul Ghaffar, Innayat Ullah, Fida Murad, Jalil Ahmed, Muhammad Ibrahim Baloch

المصدر: International Journal of Economic and Environment Geology, Vol 12, Iss 04, Pp 43-50 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: gunga, khuzdar, kirthar fold belt, sedex mineralization, barite, Geology, QE1-996.5

الوصف: Gunga deposit is a type of sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX) deposit located in the northwest of Khuzdar Knot within the Kirthar Fold Belt (KFB) in the south-west of Khuzdar city. This deposit is formed during the late Triassic Jurassic period due to rifting of the Gondwana supercontinent. being hosted with the Anjira Member of Jurassic Shirinab Formation, hosted the Strata bounded barite mineralization in these deposits contact with the siliceous and iron-rich gossan zones. The Baritic zone indicates the complex replacement of silica with the continuous silicification which is followed by massive to brecciated type Barite. Petrographically, barite has a very fine to coarse grain texture, anhedral to euhedral crystal shape, and forms dendritic crystal structure In the Back Scattered Electron (BSE) images, the crystal morphology of Barite exhibits well-developed elongated crystal structures with medium to coarse grain texture. Energy Dispersive X-rays (EDX) graphs indicates the high peaks of Ba, S, and O elements associated with sub-peaks rockforming mineral elements (Si, Al, Na, K, and Ca) along with sub-peaks of ore-forming mineral elements (Pb, Zn, Fe, P, and Ni).

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.econ-environ-geol.org/index.php/ojs/article/view/642Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2223-957XTest

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/b47c907be06c43b486a3af2c4faa62f5Test

المؤلفون: Lastra-Rivero, José Francisco, Garcia-Crespo, Maria Elisabet

المصدر: Boletín de Geología; Vol. 44 Núm. 2 (2022): Boletín de Geología; 145-160 ; Boletín de Geología; Vol. 44 No. 2 (2022): Boletín de Geología; 145-160 ; BOLETÍN DE GEOLOGÍA; v. 44 n. 2 (2022): Boletín de Geología; 145-160 ; 2145-8553 ; 0120-0283

مصطلحات موضوعية: Sedex deposits, Pedogeochemical anomalies, Compositional data analysis, Log-ratio transformation, Factor analysis, Multifractal modelling, Depósitos Sedex, Anomalías pedogeoquímicas, Análisis de datos composicional, Transformación log-cociente, Análisis de factores, Modelación multifractal

الوصف: El sector Loma Roja-Loma Hierro se localiza en la parte septentrional del distrito metalogénico Dora-Francisco, noroccidente de Cuba. Este estudio ha estado dirigido a delimitar las anomalías pedogeoquímicas complejas asociadas a depósitos minerales tipo Sedex, mediante la aplicación combinada del análisis de factores y la modelación multifractal. Fueron utilizados los resultados analíticos de 1801 muestras de suelos; se seleccionaron aquellos que corresponden a diferentes elementos indicadores y exploradores (Ag, As, Ba, Bi, Cu, Pb, Sb y Zn). Previo a la aplicación de los métodos estadísticos, se requirió la conversión de datos cerrados a datos abiertos mediante una transformación log-cociente aditiva (alr), para evitar que las correlaciones entre los elementos sean espurias. La aplicación del análisis de correlación y el análisis de factores a estas variables geoquímicas transformadas permitió definir los vínculos entre elementos indicadores y exploradores, así como la obtención de dos variables geoquímicas complejas, cada una de ellas representativa de un determinado estilo de mineralización. Las puntuaciones asignadas a estas variables geoquímicas complejas fueron convertidas a valores en rangos [0-1] utilizando una función logística fuzzy. La estimación de los umbrales anómalos se derivó de los diagramas concentración-área generados a partir de la aplicación del análisis fractal a las variables geoquímicas complejas transformadas, previamente interpoladas con kriging ordinario. Los mapas geoquímicos multielementales evidencian dos zonas mineralizadas con características distintivas: una situada al norte representada por anomalías pedogeoquímicas de Bi-Cu-As, asociadas con las raíces de stockwork cuarzo-cuprífero, y otra localizada en la mitad meridional con anomalías pedogeoquímicas de Ba-Ag-Zn-Sb-Pb, relacionada con la mineralización estratiforme pirito-polimetálica. ; The Loma Roja-Loma Hierro sector is located in the northern part of the Dora-Francisco metallogenic district, Northwestern Cuba. This study ...

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: https://revistas.uis.edu.co/index.php/revistaboletindegeologia/article/view/13402/12498Test; https://revistas.uis.edu.co/index.php/revistaboletindegeologia/article/view/13402Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.18273/revbol.v44n2-2022007Test
https://revistas.uis.edu.co/index.php/revistaboletindegeologia/article/view/13402Test

المؤلفون: Asfand yar waliArain, Abdul ShakoorMastoi, Asghar Ali Alias Daahar Hakro, Riaz Ahmed Rajper, Muhammad Afzal Jamali, Gulam Raza Bhatti, Waqar Bhatti

المصدر: Earth Science Malaysia, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 19-26 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: metallogeny, sedex deposit, mvt deposit, duddar, gunga, surmai, Geology, QE1-996.5

الوصف: Lead and Zinc deposits are very much important economic booster for the country all over the world. Economic geologists are engaged in the search of these economy booster minerals and rocks for three decades. Lead and zinc are profuse resources in the Lasbela-Khuzdar belt of Balochistan province of Pakistan, with reserves of about 50 million tons all over the country. In this paper, we have presented field observations of the Dudder mine area and summarised the work of earlier papers to provide the salient features of these ore mineralizations and deposits. The tectonic settings and important ore controls have been discussed based on field observations and previous work. The Pb-Zn dominantly occupied by exposures of rocks of the Ferozabad Group of Jurassic age in the Mor range, which is comprised of Lower-Middle-Upper Jurassic carbonates and deep-marine siliciclastics rock sequence. This group contains syngenetic and epigenetic Pb-Zn mineralization classified as a stratiform replacement, and vein-type fissure fillings observed at various places of Duddar, Gunga, and Surmai deposit areas. Generally, these deposits are hosted pyrites nuggets with fine-grained sphalerite matrix with galena in black shale, argillaceous limestone, and mudstone. We construct a Pb-Zn deposit predictive tectonic model that regards mineralization as the primary factor and the ore rock as secondary. The tectonics were more active when sedimentation of the Anjira Formation started in a disturbing third-order basin. The Hydrothermal solution comes into the basin along faults and gave rise to syngenetic mineralization of sulfides in the Anjira Formation, and epigenetic one in the underlying Spingwar and Loralai Formations. These deposits are considered as SEDEX deposits according to the distribution of Pb-Zn deposits, we concluded that a multi-period, multi-cycle orogenic environment is the most positive for lead-zinc deposit growth. With this, we analyze the association between tectonic evolution, geological mineralization, and Pb-Zn metallogenic epoch. The tectonic and mineralization mechanism models are expected to ease the detailed study on the geological and geochemical conditions of mineralization in the Ferozabad Group and economic assessment of the resources.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://earthsciencesmalaysia.com/archives/ESMY/1esmy2021/1esmy2021-19-26.pdfTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2521-5035Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2521-5043Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/1b096d46584e47c9a4498c3c51d49917Test

المؤلفون: Jansson, Nils, Sädbom, Stefan, Allen, Rodney, Billström, Kjell, Spry, Paul G

المصدر: Conceptual modelling and exploration criteria for stratiform Zn-Pb-Ag-(Cu) Deposits in Bergslagen, Sweden Economic geology and the bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists. 113(3):699-739

مصطلحات موضوعية: Bergslagen, iron oxide, sulfide, VMS, SEDEX, Ore Geology, Malmgeologi

الوصف: Medium- to high-grade metamorphosed, 1.9 Ga, stratiform, syngenetic Zn-Pb±Ag sulfide deposits comprise an economically important type of ore deposit in the Bergslagen lithotectonic unit of the Fennoscandian shield. The Lovisa Zn-Pb deposit occurs in a metamorphosed succession of rhyolitic ash-siltstone, rhyolitic mass flow deposits, limestone and iron formation, deposited at a stage of waning volcanism in Bergslagen.Accessory graphite, absence of Ce anomalies in shale-normalized rare-earth element (REE) data, and absence of hematite in Mn-rich iron formations stratigraphically below the Lovisa Zn-Pb deposit indicate a suboxic-anoxic depositional environment. The uppermost Mn-rich iron formation contains disseminated, inferred syngenetic Pb-Ag mineralization with mainly negative δ34S values in sphalerite and galena (-6.1 to -1.9‰).Deposition of this iron formation terminated during a pulse of explosive felsic volcanism. The Lovisa Zn-Pb deposit is interpreted to have formed in an alkali-rich brine pool developed immediately after this volcanic event, based on lithogeochemical and stratigraphic evidence. The first stage of mineralization deposited stratiform sphalerite mineralization with mainly positive δ34S values (-0.9 to +4.7‰). This was succeeded by deposition of more sphalerite-galena stratiform mineralization with δ34S values close to 0‰ (-2.1 to +1.5‰). The more galena-rich mineralization partitioned strain and was partly remobilized during later ductile deformation.The stratigraphic context, sulfide mineralogy, sulfur isotopes and alteration geochemistry suggest that the metalliferous fluids and the depositional environment were H2S-deficient (S-poor or SO42--dominant). The source of sulfur is interpreted to have been a mixture of H2S derived from bacterial and thermochemical seawater sulfate reduction, and sulfur derived from leaching of volcanic rocks, with the latter becoming more important over time.Lovisa formed in a setting where basin subsidence was periodically punctuated by the deposition of thick, syn-eruptive felsic volcaniclastic massflow deposits. Coeval volcanism was likely important for driving hydrothermal activity and supplying a reservoir of metals and sulfur. However, the high rate of deposition of volcaniclastic sediment in Bergslagen also precluded the establishment of long-lived, deep and anoxic environments favorable for accumulation of organic matter and H2S. This stratigraphic pattern is common in Bergslagen and may explain why large stratiform Zn-Pb deposits are uncommon in the region and restricted to the uppermost part of the metavolcanic succession, directly stratigraphically beneath post-volcanic pelitic rocks.

وصف الملف: electronic

الوصول الحر: https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-67129Test
https://ltu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1169574/FULLTEXT01.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Hernández-Ávila, Juan, Cerecedo-Sáenz, Eduardo, Salinas-Rodríguez , Eleazar, Arenas-Flores, Alberto, Gutiérrez-Amador, María del Pilar, Monroy-Olguín, Celina

المصدر: Pädi Boletín Científico de Ciencias Básicas e Ingenierías del ICBI; Vol 10 No Especial7 (2022): Pädi Boletín Científico de Ciencias Básicas e Ingenierías del ICBI; 10-14 ; Pädi Boletín Científico de Ciencias Básicas e Ingenierías del ICBI; Vol. 10 Núm. Especial7 (2022): Pädi Boletín Científico de Ciencias Básicas e Ingenierías del ICBI; 10-14 ; 2007-6363 ; 10.29057/icbi.v10iEspecial7

مصطلحات موضوعية: Gravimetry, concentration, precious metals, SEDEX, Gravimetría, concentratión, metales preciosos

الوصف: In this work the characterization and gravimetric concentration of the precious metals contained in a SEDEX type mineral, from the Molango region in the state of Hidalgo, Mexico, was performed, said mineral presented an average chemical composition in weight% 32.72 of Si, 4.92 of Al, 0.62 of Fe, 0.70 of Mn, 1.25 of K, 57.07 of C, 0.61 of Na, 0.2 of Mg, 0.21 of Ti and 0.34 g/ton of Pt, 0.71 g/ton of Pd, 0.23 g/ton of Ag y 7.67 g/ton of Au.; Likewise, it presents as majority mineralogical phases: ilmenite, calcopirite, quartz, mogonite, argentopirite, moscovite. On the other hand, the results of gravimetric concentration revealed that the greatest recoveries of these metal concentrates occur between 80 to 150 meshes with recovery ranges of 37 to 55 g of metallic elements with contents of 23% Au and 3% Pt. ; En este trabajo se realizó la caracterización y la concentración gravimétrica de oro y platino contenidos en un mineral tipo SEDEX, proveniente de la región de Molango en el estado de Hidalgo, México, dicho mineral presentó una composición química promedio en % en peso de 32.72 de Si, 4.92 de Al, 0.62 de Fe, 0.70 de Mn, 1.25 de K, 57.07 de C, 0.61 de Na, 0.2 de Mg, 0.21 de Ti y de 0.34 g/ton de Pt, 0.71 g/ton de Pd, 0.23 g/ton de Ag y 7.67 g/ton de Au; así mismo presenta como fases mineralógicas mayoritarias: ilmenita, calcopirita, cuarzo, mogonita, argentopirita, moscovita,. Por otra parte los resultados de concentración gravimétrica reveló que las mayores recuperaciones de concentrados de estos metales se presentan entre las mallas 80 a 150 con rangos de recuperación de 37 a 55 g de elementos metálicos con contenidos del 23 % Au y del 3 % de Pt.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: https://repository.uaeh.edu.mx/revistas/index.php/icbi/article/view/9720/9815Test; https://repository.uaeh.edu.mx/revistas/index.php/icbi/article/view/9720Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.29057/icbi.v10iEspecial7.9720Test
https://doi.org/10.29057/icbi.v10iEspecial7Test
https://repository.uaeh.edu.mx/revistas/index.php/icbi/article/view/9720Test

المؤلفون: Runge, Eric Alexander, Mansor, Muammar, Kappler, Andreas, Duda, Jan‐Peter, 2 Geomicrobiology, Department of Geosciences Tübingen University Tübingen Germany, 1 Sedimentology and Organic Geochemistry, Department of Geosciences Tübingen University Tübingen Germany

مصطلحات موضوعية: ddc:560, astrobiology, black smoker, early Earth, early life, hydrothermal vents, origin of life, SEDEX, VMS

الوصف: Deep‐sea hydrothermal systems provide ideal conditions for prebiotic reactions and ancient metabolic pathways and, therefore, might have played a pivotal role in the emergence of life. To understand this role better, it is paramount to examine fundamental interactions between hydrothermal processes, non‐living matter, and microbial life in deep time. However, the distribution and diversity of microbial communities in ancient deep‐sea hydrothermal systems are still poorly constrained, so evolutionary, and ecological relationships remain unclear. One important reason is an insufficient understanding of the formation of diagnostic microbial biosignatures in such settings and their preservation through geological time. This contribution centers around microbial biosignatures in Precambrian deep‐sea hydrothermal sulfide deposits. Intending to provide a valuable resource for scientists from across the natural sciences whose research is concerned with the origins of life, we first introduce different types of biosignatures that can be preserved over geological timescales (rock fabrics and textures, microfossils, mineral precipitates, carbonaceous matter, trace metal, and isotope geochemical signatures). We then review selected reports of biosignatures from Precambrian deep‐sea hydrothermal sulfide deposits and discuss their geobiological significance. Our survey highlights that Precambrian hydrothermal sulfide deposits potentially encode valuable information on environmental conditions, the presence and nature of microbial life, and the complex interactions between fluids, micro‐organisms, and minerals. It further emphasizes that the geobiological interpretation of these records is challenging and requires the concerted application of analytical and experimental methods from various fields, including geology, mineralogy, geochemistry, and microbiology. Well‐orchestrated multidisciplinary studies allow us to understand the formation and preservation of microbial biosignatures in deep‐sea hydrothermal sulfide systems and ...

العلاقة: http://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gldocs-11858/10697Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12539Test
http://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gldocs-11858/10697Test

المؤلفون: Vladimir Lisitsin, Courteney Dhnaram, Matthew Valetich

المصدر: Australian Society of Exploration Geophysicists Extended Abstracts Volume 2021, 3rd Australasian Exploration Geoscience Conference, Brisbane, 2021

مصطلحات موضوعية: geochemistry, IOCG, SEDEX critical minerals

الوصف: Geological Survey of Queensland undertook a program of geochemical and mineralogical characterisation of key deposit types in the Mount Isa Province in Queensland, Australia. The main objectives of the study included: (1) identification of complete multi-element geochemical signatures of mineralisation for main types of Cu, Zn-Pb-Ag and P deposits in the region, (2) creation of an extensive internally consistent baseline geochemical database, (3) assessing concentrations of critical minerals contained in `traditional' deposit types in the region as potential by-products. Iron Oxide Copper-Gold (IOCG) deposits in the eastern Mount Isa Province are characterised by common significant enrichment in Te, Se and Ag (generally covarying with Cu and Au) but otherwise highly variable geochemical and mineralogical signatures of mineralisation and alteration, with several distinct variants. Sediment-hosted copper deposits in the western Mount Isa Province are generally significantly enriched in Co; IOCG deposits are variably enriched in Co (and only some of them - in light REEs, Re and In). Siliciclastic-carbonate (SEDEX) Zn-Pb deposits are significantly enriched in Ge (In) and phosphorites - in REEs. ; Open-Access Online Publication: March 03, 2023

العلاقة: https://zenodo.org/communities/aseg_extended_abstracts_2021Test; https://zenodo.org/record/7694513Test; https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7694513Test; oai:zenodo.org:7694513

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7694513Test
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7694512Test
https://zenodo.org/record/7694513Test

المؤلفون: Fang Xia, Shun-Da Li, Chuan Chen, Ling-Ling Gao, Xue-Bing Zhang, Ke-Yong Wang

المصدر: Frontiers in Earth Science, Vol 9 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: fluid inclusions, isotopes, SEDEX, multistage mineraliztion, Haerdaban, Science

الوصف: The Haerdaban Pb-Zn deposit is located on the western edge of the Chinese Western Tianshan Orogen. This deposit consists of stratiform and veined mineralization hosted in Proterozoic carbonaceous and dolomitic limestone. Three metallogenic stages were recognized: an early sedimentary exhalative stage (stage 1), an intermediate metamorphic remobilization stage (stage 2), and a late magmatic-hydrothermal stage (stage 3). Fluid inclusions (FIs) present in stage 1 are liquid-rich aqueous, with homogenization temperatures of 206–246 C and salinities of 5.9–11.6 wt% NaCl eq. FIs present in stage 2 are also liquid-rich aqueous, with homogenization temperatures of 326–349 C and salinities of 3.4–6.6 wt% NaCl eq. FIs present in stage 3 include halite-bearing, vapor-rich aqueous, and liquid-rich aqueous FIs. Homogenization temperatures for these FIs span a range of 249–316 C. Halite-bearing, vapor-rich aqueous, and liquid-rich aqueous FIs yield salinities of 33.8–38.9, 2.6–3.5, and 4.2–8.1 wt% NaCl eq., respectively. Oxygen and hydrogen isotopic data (δ18OH2O = 2.6–13.6‰, δDH2O = −94.7 to −40.7‰) indicate that the ore-forming fluids of stages 1–3 were derived from modified seawater, metamorphic water, and magmatic-meteoric mixed water, respectively. Sulfur isotopic data (δ34S = 2.1–16.3‰) reveal that ore constituents were derived from mixing of marine sulfate and magmatic materials. Lead isotopic data (206Pb/204Pb = 17.002–17.552, 207Pb/204Pb = 15.502–15.523, 208Pb/204Pb = 37.025–37.503) reveal that ore constituents were derived from a mixed crust-mantle source. We propose that the Haerdaban deposit was a Proterozoic sedimentary exhalative deposit overprinted by later metamorphic remobilization and magmatic-hydrothermal mineralization.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2021.759328/fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2296-6463Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/b26efe665d4e45c1afce106408845ff2Test