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1دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Sarah R. Bloor, Rudolph Schutte, Anthony R. Hobson
المصدر: Microbiology Research, Vol 12, Iss 2, Pp 491-502 (2021)
مصطلحات موضوعية: iron, constipation, bloating, methane, methanogens, gut microbiota, Microbiology, QR1-502
الوصف: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is a worldwide healthcare problem affecting approximately 25% of the global population. The most common IDA treatment is oral iron supplementation, which has been associated with gastrointestinal (GI) side effects such as constipation and bloating. These can result in treatment non-adherence and the persistence of IDA. Intravenous iron does not cause GI side effects, which may be due to the lack of exposure to the intestinal lumen. Luminal iron can cause changes to the gut microbiota, aiding the promotion of pathogenic species and decreasing beneficial protective species. Iron is vital for methanogenic archaea, which rely on iron for growth and metabolism. Increased intestinal methane has been associated with slowing of intestinal transit, constipation, and bloating. Here we explore the literature to understand a potential link between iron and methanogenesis as a novel way to understand the mechanism of oral iron supplementation induced GI side effects.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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2دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Jufen Zhang, Karen Hayden, Ruth Jackson, Rudolph Schutte
المصدر: Public Health in Practice, Vol 2, Iss , Pp 100065- (2021)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Weight change, All-cause mortality, Cancer death, CV death, UK Biobank, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
الوصف: Objectives: Previous studies suggest that changes in body weight can lead to an increased risk of mortality in the general population, although the results are controversial. The current study sought to investigate this association further using data from the UK Biobank. Study design: This is a large prospective population-based cohort study. Data were derived from the UK Biobank, with the initial assessments commencing between 2006 and 2010. Methods: Proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between self-reported weight change and risk of all-cause, cancer and cardiovascular mortality. The effect of gender was also investigated. Results: Of 433,829 participants with data for self-reported weight change, the mean age was 56 (standard deviation [SD]: 8.1) years and 55% were female. In total, 55% of participants reported no weight change, 28% gained weight, 15% lost weight, 2% did not know and 0.1% preferred not to give an answer. The median follow-up was 7.1 (interquartile range [IQR]: 6.4–7.8) years. Compared with participants with no weight change, those with weight loss had an increased risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.25, 95% confident interval [CI] 1.18–1.32), cancer death (HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.08–1.27) and cardiovascular death (HR 1.26, 95% CI 1.12–1.43). Similarly, participants reporting weight gain also had an increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02–1.13), cancer death (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.07–1.22) and cardiovascular death (HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.14–1.42). Participants who had a response ‘do not know’ or ‘prefer not to answer’ showed an increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, particularly in men. Conclusions: The results of this study highlight the importance of maintaining a stable weight in middle-aged adults. Further studies are needed to understand the pathophysiology of weight change and its effects on mortality.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666535220300641Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2666-5352Test
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3دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Maria Papageorgiou, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Rudolph Schutte
المصدر: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 131-139 (2019)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Muscle mass measures, Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal women, Skeletal muscle mass, Appendicular skeletal muscle mass, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, RC925-935, Human anatomy, QM1-695
الوصف: Abstract Background Despite several muscle mass measures being used in the current definitions of sarcopenia, their usefulness is uncertain because of limited data on their association with health outcomes. The aim of the study was to compare the performance of different muscle mass measures for predicting incident osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Methods This study included data from 149 166 participants (aged 60.3 ± 5.5 years) as part of the UK Biobank cohort. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance. The muscle mass measures included were total body skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and appendicular SMM (aSMM) divided by height squared (ht2), derived residuals, SMM, SMM adjusted for body mass (SMM/bm × 100), and aSMM normalized for body mass index (aSMM/BMI). Diagnoses of the events were confirmed by primary care physicians and coded according to the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision (ICD‐10: M80‐M82). Results Over a median follow‐up of 6.75 (5th to 95th percentile interval, 1.53 to 8.37) years, 394 newly diagnosed cases of osteoporosis occurred, with 40 (10.2%) cases being associated with a pathological fracture. SMM/ht2, aSMM/ht2 residual, and SMM were lower in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis compared with women without (all P
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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4دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Fang-Fei Wei, Nadja E.A. Drummen, Aletta E. Schutte, Lutgarde Thijs, Lotte Jacobs, Thibaut Petit, Wen-Yi Yang, Wayne Smith, Zhen-Yu Zhang, Yu-Mei Gu, Tatiana Kuznetsova, Peter Verhamme, Karel Allegaert, Rudolph Schutte, Evelyne Lerut, Pieter Evenepoel, Cees Vermeer, Jan A. Staessen
المصدر: EBioMedicine, Vol 4, Iss C, Pp 162-169 (2016)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Chronic kidney disease, Glomerular filtration rate, Matrix Gla protein, Population science, Vitamin K, Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
الوصف: Background: Following activation by vitamin K (VK), matrix Gla protein (MGP) inhibits arterial calcification, but its role in preserving renal function remains unknown. Methods: In 1166 white Flemish (mean age, 38.2 years) and 714 South Africans (49.2% black; 40.6 years), we correlated estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR [CKD-EPI formula]) and stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD [KDOQI stages 2–3]) with inactive desphospho-uncarboxylated MGP (dp-ucMGP), using multivariable linear and logistic regression. Results: Among Flemish and white and black Africans, between-group differences in eGFR (90, 100 and 122 mL/min/1.73 m2), dp-ucMGP (3.7, 6.5 and 3.2 μg/L), and CKD prevalence (53.5, 28.7 and 10.5%) were significant, but associations of eGFR with dp-ucMGP did not differ among ethnicities (P ≥ 0.075). For a doubling of dp-ucMGP, eGFR decreased by 1.5 (P = 0.023), 1.0 (P = 0.56), 2.8 (P = 0.0012) and 2.1 (P
وصف الملف: electronic resource
العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352396416300093Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2352-3964Test
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5دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Ruan Kruger, Rudolph Schutte, Hugo W Huisman, Peter Hindersson, Michael H Olsen, Jesper Eugen-Olsen, Aletta E Schutte
المصدر: PLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 3, p e58506 (2013)
الوصف: Objective and designThis cross-sectional study aimed to investigate associations between a marker of cardiac strain, the N-terminal prohormone B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and inflammation as reflected by either a conventional or novel inflammatory marker in a bi-ethnic South African cohort.Methods and subjectsWe measured NT-proBNP, C-reactive protein (CRP) and plasma-soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) levels along with conventional biomarkers in black (n = 117) and white (n = 116) men.ResultsNT-proBNP, CRP and suPAR levels were higher in black compared to white men. NT-proBNP was significantly associated with both CRP (r = 0.38; p = 0.001) and suPAR (r = 0.42; pConclusionThese results suggest that a low-grade inflammatory state as reflected by both a conventional and novel marker of inflammation may contribute to higher cardiovascular risk as reflected by the associations obtained with a marker of cardiac strain in black South African men.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
العلاقة: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23516493/?tool=EBITest; https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Test
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6دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Iolanthé M Kruger, Marlena C Kruger, Colleen M Doak, Aletta E Schutte, Hugo W Huisman, Johannes M Van Rooyen, Rudolph Schutte, Leoné Malan, Nicolaas T Malan, Carla M T Fourie, Annamarie Kruger
المصدر: PLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 1, p e54554 (2013)
الوصف: High susceptibility of the African population to develop cardiovascular disease obliges us to investigate possible contributing risk factors. Our aim was to determine whether low 25(OH)D status is associated with increased blood pressure and carotid-radial pulse wave velocity in black South African women. We studied 291 urban women (mean age: 57.56±9.00 yrs.). 25(OH)D status was determined by serum 25(OH)D levels. Women were stratified into sufficient (>30 ng/ml), and insufficient/deficient (
وصف الملف: electronic resource
العلاقة: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3552848?pdf=renderTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Test
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7دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Rudolph Schutte, Lee Smith, Goya Wannamethee
مصطلحات موضوعية: Alcohol, Biases, Cardiovascular risk, General population
الوصف: Background & aims- To investigate potential biases that exist in available epidemiological evidence resulting in negative associations or underestimation of cardiovascular (CV) risk associated with alcohol consumption. Methods- UK Biobank involved baseline data collection from 22 assessment centres across the United Kingdom. The cohort consisted of 333 259 alcohol consumers and 21 710 never drinkers. Participants were followed up for a median 6.9 years capturing incident fatal and non-fatal CV events, ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. Alcohol intake was reported as grams/week. Results- Using never drinkers as reference, alcohol from all drink types combined (hazard ratios ranging between 0.61 and 0.74), beer/cider (0.70–0.80) and spirits combined, and all wines combined (0.66–0.77) associated with a reduced risk for all outcome measures (all CV events, ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease). In continuous analysis, alcohol captured from all drink types combined (hazard ratio, 1.08, 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.14), and beer/cider and spirits combined (1.24, 1.17–1.31) associated with an increased risk for overall CV events, however hazard ratios were stronger for beer/cider and spirits (P < 0.0001). Wine associated with a reduced risk for overall CV events (0.92, 0.86–0.98) and ischemic heart disease (0.75, 0.67–0.84). This negative relationship with overall CV events was lost after excluding ischemic heart disease events (1.00, 0.93–1.08), while the positive association of alcohol captured from beer/cider and spirits remained significant (1.30, 1.22–1.40). This positive association with overall CV events was present even when consuming less than 14 units per week. Conclusions- Avoiding potential biases prevents underestimation of cardiovascular risk and indicates that consuming up to 14 units per week also associated with increased CV risk in the general population.
العلاقة: 10779/aru.23767863.v1; https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Alcohol_The_myth_of_cardiovascular_protection/23767863Test
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8دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Jufen Zhang, Pierpaolo Pellicori, Rudolph Schutte, John G. F. Cleland
مصطلحات موضوعية: covid-19, blood group, BioBank
الوصف: Blood groups might influence susceptibility to COVID‐19 [1‐7]. We investigated associations between blood groups and COVID‐19 infection in UK Biobank participants, a prospective population‐based study that, between 2006 and 2010, enrolled 502,620 people aged 38–73 years in the United Kingdom. All participants gave written informed consent for their data to be used for research purposes, which was also approved by an ethics committee.
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9دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Jufen Zhang, Karen Hayden, Ruth Jackson, Rudolph Schutte
مصطلحات موضوعية: Obesity, Red meat consumption, cardiovascular death, cardiovascular disease, general population with UK
الوصف: Objective: There is increasing evidence that red and processed meat consumption is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease. However, little literature reported the association among people with obesity versus those without obesity. We sought to investigate this using the UK Biobank data. Methods: In this large prospective population-based cohort study, the red and processed meat consumption was assessed through the UK Biobank touch-screen questionnaire at baseline. The estimated hazards ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained from the Cox proportional hazard models to assess the association between red and processed meat consumption and the risk of CV death, cerebrovascular, and ischemic heart diseases in participants with and without obesity. Results: Of 428,070 participants, 100,175 (23.4%) were obese with the mean age of 56 (SD: 7.9) years old and 54% were female. Participants without obesity, the mean age was 56 (SD: 5.2) years old and 55% were female. The overall median follow-up was 7.2 (IQR: 6.5–7.8) years. red and processed meat consumption had increased risk of CV death (HR (95%CI):1.04 (1.01–1.08) per week serve for participants with obesity and 1.04 (1.02–1.07) for those without obesity) after adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, education, smoking and alcohol status and overall health. The moderate positive association between red and processed meat consumption and ischemic heart disease was only observed in participants without obesity (HR (95%CI): 1.15 (1.00–1.31) for the highest versus lowest terciles of red and processed meat consumption). No association was found with cerebrovascular disease in the participants regardless of obesity. Conclusions: Consumption frequency of red and processed meat is associated with higher risk of CV death regardless of obesity. The risk of ischemic heart disease associated with red and processed meat consumption may be higher in participants without obesity. Further studies are needed to understand the full extent of the ...
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10دورية أكاديمية
مصطلحات موضوعية: alcohol use, US guidelines, mortality, alcohol use trend, NHANES
الوصف: Background. Excessive alcohol use is the third leading cause of mortality in the USA where alcohol use consistently increased over the last decades. This trend is currently maintained, despite regulatory policies aimed to counteract it. While the increased health risks resulting from alcohol use is evident, some open questions regarding alcohol use and its consequences in the US population remain. Objective. The current work aims to evaluate the relationship between alcohol consumption trends over a period of 15 years with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. In addition, we evaluate the adequacy of the current alcohol use recommendation according to the 2015-2020 US Dietary Guidelines for Americans (USDGA). Design. Prospective population based study defined by the NHANES surveys conducted over the period 1999-2014 linked to US mortality registry in 2015. Results. The sample, composed of 34,672 participants, was observed for a median period of 7.8 years totalling 282,855 person-years. In the present sample 4,303 deaths were observed. Alcohol use increased during the period 1999-2014. Alcohol use above the current US recommendations was associated with increased all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk, ranging from 39% to 126%. A proportion of these deaths, ranging from 19 to 26%, could be theoretically be prevented if US citizens followed current guidelines, and 13% of all-cause deaths in men could be avoided if the current US guidelines for women (one standard drink for day) were applied to them. Conclusions. The present study provides evidence in support of limiting alcohol intake in adherence with the USDGA recommendations.
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