المؤلفون: Bertorello N B, Minin F, Viscardi S, Rodríguez J C

المصدر: Revista Methodo, Vol 9 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Disponibilidad alimentaria, alimentos de origen vegetal, Argentina, Chile y Uruguay, Science, Biology (General), QH301-705.5

الوصف: INTRODUCCIÓN: Los objetivos del desarrollo sostenible nos invita a cuidar el planeta y asegurar la prosperidad para todos. Frente a los cambiantes patrones de producción y consumo en torno al agua, energía y alimentos, resulta de gran interés estudiar la disponibilidad alimentaria, con el fin de implementar acciones que lleven a garantizar las necesidades de la población, permitiendo el desarrollo sustentable sin comprometer las generaciones futuras1,2. El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar la proporción de alimentos de origen vegetal (AOV) en relación al suministro total de energía para Argentina, Chile y Uruguay e inspeccionar su evolución en los últimos 60 años. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo, longitudinal. La proporción de AOV en la disponibilidad total de energía se consideró como el suministro de energía (kcal/persona/día) de los siguientes grupos de alimentos: cereales, tubérculos, legumbres, frutas, verduras, aceites, semillas, frutas secas y azúcar (excepto miel). Dicha información se extrajo de las Hojas de Balance de Alimentos (HBA), instrumento diseñado y elaborado por la Organización de las Naciones Unidas, para la Agricultura y la Alimentación (FAO), a partir de información estadística confiable disponible desde su sitio web3. Se consideró el período de 1961, 1990 y 2020 de las HBA para Argentina, Chile y Uruguay. Se tomaron estos años como referencia por la existencia de información proveniente de estos años y tomando ciclos de 30 años para evaluar posibles cambios en la disponibilidad alimentaria. CONSIDERACIONES ÉTICAS: los datos fueron extraídos de fuentes secundarias, todas las bases de datos son de dominio público y no requiere evaluación de comité de ética. RESULTADOS: El suministro de energía promedio durante el 2020 en los tres países fue 3232 ±95,1 Kcal/persona/día. En relación a la proporción de energía proveniente de AOV, fue mayor en Chile y Uruguay (68%), mientras que Argentina presentó un porcentaje menor (65,1%). El grupo de los cereales fue el que aportó la mayor cantidad de energía de AOV. La contribución de AOV a la energía total, aumentó en Uruguay y en Argentina, 14,5% y 2,8% respectivamente y disminuyó en Chile 9,6% entre 1961 y 2020. CONCLUSIONES: Si bien se evidenciaría algún incremento de disponibilidad de AOV principalmente en Uruguay, se requiere continuar trabajando en nuevas estrategias que garanticen la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional y permitan la conservación de recursos naturales.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://methodo.ucc.edu.ar/index.php/methodo/article/view/478Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2545-8302Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/78cb41e0cf28423b9d1ce3c1b80717d2Test

المؤلفون: Rodríguez J C

المصدر: Revista Methodo, Vol 9 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Science, Biology (General), QH301-705.5

الوصف: El “Congreso Internacional Desarrollo sostenible: avances y procesos desde la alimentación y la nutrición”, fue organizado por la Carrera de Licenciatura en Nutrición de la Universidad Católica de Córdoba. El rol del Licenciado en Nutrición en la transformación de los sistemas agroalimentarios es fundamental e intransferible. Es urgente la necesidad de destacar esta responsabilidad de incumbencias y la necesidad de articular acciones intersectoriales e interdisciplinarias. El mundo atraviesa una coyuntura crítica que fue agravada por el COVID 19. En el año 2015, los estados miembros de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas adoptaron la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible, que incluye 17 Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), estos son un llamado universal a la adopción de medidas para poner fin a la pobreza, proteger el planeta y garantizar que todas las personas gocen de paz y prosperidad1.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://methodo.ucc.edu.ar/index.php/methodo/article/view/474Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2545-8302Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/eb28af87ecd54085a9a2d91ccac43caaTest

المؤلفون: Henry TL, Freeman CD, Sheth A, Jenkins L, Olakunle OE, Adeagbo S, Sanchez-Medina MC, Alcegueire K, Rodríguez J

المصدر: Advances in Medical Education and Practice, Vol Volume 14, Pp 803-813 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: mentoring, equity, workforce, urim, medical education, Special aspects of education, LC8-6691, Medicine (General), R5-920

الوصف: Tracey L Henry,1 Christian D Freeman,2 Anisha Sheth,3 Lauren Jenkins,1 Oreoluwa E Olakunle,1 Segun Adeagbo,1 Mariana C Sanchez-Medina,1 Kara Alcegueire,4 Josué Rodríguez1 1Division of General Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; 2University of California San Francisco, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Francisco, CA, USA; 3Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA; 4University of Miami, Department of Medicine, Miami, FL, USACorrespondence: Tracey L Henry, Email tlhenry@emory.eduPurpose: Medicine has yet to increase the representation of historically excluded persons in medicine to reflect the general population. The lack of support and guidance in the medical training of these individuals is a significant contributor to this disparity. The Engage, Mentor, Prepare, Advocate for, Cultivate, and Teach (EMPACT) Mentoring program was created to address this problem by providing support for learners who are historically underrepresented in medicine (URiM) as they progress through medical school.Methods: The EMPACT Pilot Program was formed and conducted during the 2019– 2020 academic year. A total of 19 EMPACT mentorship groups were created, each consisting of two mentors and four medical student mentees. Additionally, four professional development workshops were held along with a final Wrap-up and Awards event. Pre and post pilot program surveys along with surveys after each workshop and focus groups were conducted with a random selection of program participants.Results: When compared to data from before and after the implementation of the EMPACT program, there were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in EMPACT mentees reporting they agree or strongly agree they felt ready to handle their clinical rotations (28% to 65%), felt the need to have an advocate (85% to 47%), possessed insight on day-to-day activities of an attending (26% to 56%) and felt a sense of community (79% to 94%). Mentors revealed an increase in their awareness of the concepts of microaggressions and imposter phenomenon. Finally, both groups felt an increase in their support system and sense of community at the school of medicine.Conclusion: Despite COVID-19 limitations, the EMPACT program met its goals. We effectively supported URiM medical students through mentorship, networking, and community.Keywords: mentoring, equity, workforce, URiM, medical education

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.dovepress.com/making-an-impact-with-empact-engage-mentor-prepare-advocate-cultivate--peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-AMEPTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1179-7258Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/f7e024db7376490499912b8fa100e3e9Test

المؤلفون: Arramy, D., Rodríguez, J. de la Cruz, Leenaarts, J.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics

الوصف: The calculation of the emerging radiation from a model atmosphere requires knowledge of the emissivity and absorption coefficients, which are proportional to the atomic level population densities of the levels involved in each transition. Due to the intricate interdependency of the radiation field and the physical state of the atoms, iterative methods are required in order to calculate the atomic level population densities. A variety of different methods have been proposed to solve this problem, which is known as the Non-Local Thermodynamical Equilibrium (NLTE) problem. In this study we have developed a Jacobian-Free Newton-Krylov method (JFNK) to solve multi-level NLTE radiative transfer problems. Using the Rybicki & Hummer (1992) method as a reference (Rybicki, G. B. & Hummer, D. G. 1992, A&A, 262, 209), our results show that our JFNK solver can achieve up to a factor two speed up when using local approximate operators / preconditioners, while also achieving a lower residual error in the statistical equilibrium equations. Another advantage of this method is that the addition of charge conservation and partial redistribution effects should be straight forward. Our method can help accelerating the calculation of the emerging spectra from numerical models and also the reconstruction of chromospheric datasets through NLTE inversions.
Comment: A&A revised version

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/2406.17234Test

المؤلفون: Contreras, T., Palmeiro, B., Almazán, H., Para, A., Martínez-Lema, G., Guenette, R., Adams, C., Álvarez, V., Aparicio, B., Aranburu, A. I., Arazi, L., Arnquist, I. J., Auria-Luna, F., Ayet, S., Azevedo, C. D. R., Bailey, K., Ballester, F., del Barrio-Torregrosa, M., Bayo, A., Benlloch-Rodríguez, J. M., Borges, F. I. G. M., Brodolin, A., Byrnes, N., Cárcel, S., Castillo, A., Cebrián, S., Church, E., Cid, L., Conde, C. A. N., Cossío, F. P., Dey, E., Díaz, G., Dickel, T., Echevarria, C., Elorza, M., Escada, J., Esteve, R., Felkai, R., Fernandes, L. M. P., Ferrario, P., Ferreira, A. L., Foss, F. W., Freixa, Z., García-Barrena, J., Gómez-Cadenas, J. J., González, R., Grocott, J. W. R., Hauptman, J., Henriques, C. A. O., Morata, J. A. Hernando, Herrero-Gómez, P., Herrero, V., Carrete, C. Hervés, Ifergan, Y., Jones, B. J. P., Kellerer, F., Larizgoitia, L., Larumbe, A., Lebrun, P., Lopez, F., López-March, N., Madigan, R., Mano, R. D. P., Marques, A. P., Martín-Albo, J., Martínez-Vara, M., Miller, R. L., Mistry, K., Molina-Canteras, J., Monrabal, F., Monteiro, C. M. B., Mora, F. J., Navarro, K. E., Novella, P., Nuñez, A., Nygren, D. R., Oblak, E., Palacio, J., Parmaksiz, I., Pazos, A., Pelegrin, J., Maneiro, M. Pérez, Querol, M., Redwine, A. B., Renner, J., Rivilla, I., Rogero, C., Rogers, L., Romeo, B., Romo-Luque, C., Santos, F. P., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Seemann, M., Shomroni, I., Silva, P. A. O. C., Simón, A., Soleti, S. R., Sorel, M., Soto-Oton, J., Teixeira, J. M. R., Teruel-Pardo, S., Toledo, J. F., Tonnelé, C., Torrent, J., Trettin, A., Usón, A., Valle, P. R. G., Veloso, J. F. C. A., Waiton, J., Yubero-Navarro, A.

مصطلحات موضوعية: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors

الوصف: The NEXT-White detector, a high-pressure gaseous xenon time projection chamber, demonstrated the excellence of this technology for future neutrinoless double beta decay searches using photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) to measure energy and silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) to extract topology information. This analysis uses $^{83m}\text{Kr}$ data from the NEXT-White detector to measure and understand the energy resolution that can be obtained with the SiPMs, rather than with PMTs. The energy resolution obtained of (10.9 $\pm$ 0.6) $\%$, full-width half-maximum, is slightly larger than predicted based on the photon statistics resulting from very low light detection coverage of the SiPM plane in the NEXT-White detector. The difference in the predicted and measured resolution is attributed to poor corrections, which are expected to be improved with larger statistics. Furthermore, the noise of the SiPMs is shown to not be a dominant factor in the energy resolution and may be negligible when noise subtraction is applied appropriately, for high-energy events or larger SiPM coverage detectors. These results, which are extrapolated to estimate the response of large coverage SiPM planes, are promising for the development of future, SiPM-only, readout planes that can offer imaging and achieve similar energy resolution to that previously demonstrated with PMTs.

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/2405.20427Test

المؤلفون: NEXT Collaboration, Byrnes, N., Dey, E., Foss, F. W., Jones, B. J. P., Madigan, R., McDonald, A., Miller, R. L., Navarro, K. E., Norman, L. R., Nygren, D. R., Adams, C., Almazán, H., Álvarez, V., Aparicio, B., Aranburu, A. I., Arazi, L., Arnquist, I. J., Auria-Luna, F., Ayet, S., Azevedo, C. D. R., Barcelon, J. E., Bailey, K., Ballester, F., del Barrio-Torregrosa, M., Bayo, A., Benlloch-Rodríguez, J. M., Borges, F. I. G. M., Brodolin, A., Cárcel, S., Castillo, A., Cebrián, S., Church, E., Cid, L., Conde, C. A. N., Contreras, T., Cossío, F. P., Díaz, G., Dickel, T., Echevarria, C., Elorza, M., Escada, J., Esteve, R., Felkai, R., Fernandes, L. M. P., Ferrario, P., Ferreira, A. L., Freixa, Z., García-Barrena, J., Gómez-Cadenas, J. J., González, R., Grocott, J. W. R., Guenette, R., Hauptman, J., Henriques, C. A. O., Morata, J. A. Hernando, Herrero-Gómez, P., Herrero, V., Carrete, C. Hervés, Ho, P., Ifergan, Y., Kellerer, F., Larizgoitia, L., Larumbe, A., Lebrun, P., Lopez, F., López-March, N., Mano, R. D. P., Marques, A. P., Martín-Albo, J., Martínez-Lema, G., Martínez-Vara, M., Mistry, K., Molina-Canteras, J., Monrabal, F., Monteiro, C. M. B., Mora, F. J., Novella, P., Nuñez, A., Oblak, E., Palacio, J., Palmeiro, B., Para, A., Parmaksiz, I., Pazos, A., Pelegrin, J., Maneiro, M. Pérez, Querol, M., Redwine, A. B., Renner, J., Rivilla, I., Rogero, C., Rogers, L., Romeo, B., Romo-Luque, C., Santos, F. P., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Seemann, M., Shomroni, I., Silva, P. A. O. C., Simón, A., Soleti, S. R., Sorel, M., Soto-Oton, J., Teixeira, J. M. R., Teruel-Pardo, S., Toledo, J. F., Tonnelé, C., Torrent, J., Trettin, A., Usón, A., Valle, P. R. G., Veloso, J. F. C. A., Waiton, J., Yubero-Navarro, A.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment

الوصف: The imaging of individual Ba$^{2+}$ ions in high pressure xenon gas is one possible way to attain background-free sensitivity to neutrinoless double beta decay and hence establish the Majorana nature of the neutrino. In this paper we demonstrate selective single Ba$^{2+}$ ion imaging inside a high-pressure xenon gas environment. Ba$^{2+}$ ions chelated with molecular chemosensors are resolved at the gas-solid interface using a diffraction-limited imaging system with scan area of 1$\times$1~cm$^2$ located inside 10~bar of xenon gas. This new form of microscopy represents an important enabling step in the development of barium tagging for neutrinoless double beta decay searches in $^{136}$Xe, as well as a new tool for studying the photophysics of fluorescent molecules and chemosensors at the solid-gas interface.

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/2406.15422Test

المؤلفون: de la Torre, J. A., Sánchez-Rodríguez, J., Español, Pep

مصطلحات موضوعية: Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Physics - Classical Physics

الوصف: Intrinsic thermal fluctuations within a real solid challenge the rigid body assumption that is central to Euler's equations for the motion of a free body. Recently, we have introduced a dissipative and stochastic version of Euler's equations in a thermodynamically consistent way (European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids 103, 105184 (2024)). This framework describes the evolution of both orientation and shape of a free body, incorporating internal thermal fluctuations and their concomitant dissipative mechanisms. In the present work, we demonstrate that, in the absence of angular momentum, the theory predicts that principal axis unit vectors of a body undergo an anisotropic Brownian motion on the unit sphere, with the anisotropy arising from the body's varying moments of inertia. The resulting equilibrium time correlation function of the principal eigenvectors decays exponentially. This theoretical prediction is confirmed in molecular dynamics simulations of small bodies. The comparison of theory and equilibrium MD simulations allow us to measure the orientational diffusion tensor. We then use this information in the Stochastic Dissipative Euler's Equations, to describe a non-equilibrium situation of a body spinning around the unstable intermediate axis. The agreement between theory and simulations is excellent, offering a validation of the theoretical framework.

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/2404.16613Test

المؤلفون: Bouchet, T., Rodriguez, J., Cangemi, F., Laurent, P.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena

الوصف: Microquasars are Black Hole X-ray binaries (BHXB) which can eject material in the form of a bipolar jet, similarly to quasars, but at much smaller scales. Their high-energy emission comes from an accretion disk (~ 1 keV) and from a hot "corona" near the black hole that up-scatters photons from the disk in the hard X-ray domain (1--100 keV). A high-energy component above 150 keV has been detected in bright sources and its precise origin is still unknown: it could come either from Compton scattering of disk photons on coronal relativistic non-thermal electrons (a.k.a hybrid Comptonization), or from the synchrotron emission from the very base of the compact jet. The measurement of polarization above 150 keV can provide valuable insights into the processes at play as we expect higher polarization fraction due to synchrotron emission from the jets (up to 70 % with a very ordered magnetic field). We use the INTEGRAL/IBIS telescope to measure the soft gamma-ray polarization of the Crab Nebula and the BHXB Swift J1727.8-1613.
Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, HEPRO VIII conference (Paris, 2023), submitted in Proceeding of Science

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/2404.10705Test

المؤلفون: Borrero, J. M., Milic, I., Yabar, A. Pastor, Kaithakkal, A. J., Rodriguez, J. de la Cruz

مصطلحات موضوعية: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics

الوصف: One-dimensional, semi-empirical models of the solar atmosphere are widely employed in numerous contexts within solar physics, ranging from the determination of element abundances and atomic parameters to studies of the solar irradiance and from Stokes inversions to coronal extrapolations. These models provide the physical parameters (i.e. temperature, gas pressure, etc.) in the solar atmosphere as a function of the continuum optical depth $\tau_{\rm c}$. The transformation to the geometrical $z$ scale (i.e. vertical coordinate) is provided via vertical hydrostatic equilibrium. Our aim is to provide updated, one-dimensional, semi-empirical models of the solar atmosphere as a function of $z,$ but employing the more general case of three-dimensional magneto-hydrostatic equilibrium (MHS) instead of vertical hydrostatic equilibrium (HE). We employed a recently developed Stokes inversion code that, along with non-local thermodynamic equilibrium effects, considers MHS instead of HE. This code is applied to spatially and temporally resolved spectropolarimetric observations of the quiet Sun obtained with the CRISP instrument attached to the Swedish Solar Telescope. We provide average models for granules, intergranules, dark magnetic elements, and overall quiet-Sun as a function of both $\tau_{\rm c}$ and $z$ from the photosphere to the lower chromosphere. We demonstrate that, in these quiet-Sun models, the effect of considering MHS instead of HE is negligible. However, employing MHS increases the consistency of the inversion results before averaging. We surmise that in regions with stronger magnetic fields (i.e. pores, sunspots, network) the benefits of employing the magneto-hydrostatic approximation will be much more palpable.
Comment: accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics; 17 pages; 10 figures

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/2404.07067Test

المؤلفون: Battley, M. P., Collins, K. A., Ulmer-Moll, S., Quinn, S. N., Lendl, M., Gill, S., Brahm, R., Hobson, M. J., Osborn, H. P., Deline, A., Faria, J. P., Claringbold, A. B., Chakraborty, H., Stassun, K. G., Hellier, C., Alves, D. R., Ziegler, C., Anderson, D. R., Apergis, I., Armstrong, D. J., Bayliss, D., Beletsky, Y., Bieryla, A., Bouchy, F., Burleigh, M. R., Butler, R. P., Casewell, S. L., Christiansen, J. L., Crane, J. D., Dalba, P. A., Daylan, T., Figueira, P., Gillen, E., Goad, M. R., Günther, M. N., Henderson, B. A., Henning, T., Jenkins, J. S., Jordán, A., Kanodia, S., Kendall, A., Kunimoto, M., Latham, D. W., Levine, A. M., McCormac, J., Moyano, M., Osborn, A., Osip, D., Pritchard, T. A., Psaridi, A., Rice, M., Rodriguez, J. E., Saha, S., Seager, S., Shectman, S. A., Smith, A. M. S., Teske, J. K., Ting, E. B., Udry, S., Vines, J. I., Watson, C. A., West, R. G., Wheatley, P. J., Winn, J. N., Yee, S. W., Zhao, Y.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics

الوصف: Long-period transiting exoplanets bridge the gap between the bulk of transit- and Doppler-based exoplanet discoveries, providing key insights into the formation and evolution of planetary systems. The wider separation between these planets and their host stars results in the exoplanets typically experiencing less radiation from their host stars; hence, they should maintain more of their original atmospheres, which can be probed during transit via transmission spectroscopy. Although the known population of long-period transiting exoplanets is relatively sparse, surveys performed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and the Next Generation Transit Survey (NGTS) are now discovering new exoplanets to fill in this crucial region of the exoplanetary parameter space. This study presents the detection and characterisation of NGTS-30 b/TOI-4862 b, a new long-period transiting exoplanet detected by following up on a single-transit candidate found in the TESS mission. Through monitoring using a combination of photometric instruments (TESS, NGTS, and EulerCam) and spectroscopic instruments (CORALIE, FEROS, HARPS, and PFS), NGTS-30 b/TOI-4862 b was found to be a long-period (P = 98.29838 day) Jupiter-sized (0.928 RJ; 0.960 MJ) planet transiting a 1.1 Gyr old G-type star. With a moderate eccentricity of 0.294, its equilibrium temperature could be expected to vary from 274 K to 500 K over the course of its orbit. Through interior modelling, NGTS-30 b/TOI-4862 b was found to have a heavy element mass fraction of 0.23 and a heavy element enrichment (Zp/Z_star) of 20, making it metal-enriched compared to its host star. NGTS-30 b/TOI-4862 b is one of the youngest well-characterised long-period exoplanets found to date and will therefore be important in the quest to understanding the formation and evolution of exoplanets across the full range of orbital separations and ages.
Comment: 18 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in A&A

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/2404.02974Test