المؤلفون: Li, Jianghao, Lewis, Alastair C., Hopkins, Jim R., Andrews, Stephen J., Murrells, Tim, Passant, Neil, Richmond, Ben, Hou, Siqi, Bloss, William J., Harrison, Roy M., Shi, Zongbo

المصدر: eISSN: 1680-7324

الوصف: Anthropogenic non-methane volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the United Kingdom have been substantially reduced since 1990, which is, in part, attributed to controls on evaporative and vehicle tailpipe emissions. Over time, other sources with a different speciation (for example, alcohols from solvent use and industry processes) have grown in both relative importance and, in some cases, in absolute terms. The impact of this change in speciation and the resulting photochemical reactivities of VOCs are evaluated using a photochemical box model constrained by observational data during a summertime ozone event (Birmingham, UK) and apportionment of sources based on the UK National Atmospheric Emission Inventory (NAEI) data over the period 1990–2019. Despite road transport sources representing only 3.3 % of UK VOC emissions in 2019, road transport continued being the sector with the largest influence on the local O 3 production rate (P(O 3 )). Under case study conditions, the 96 % reduction in road transport VOC emissions that has been achieved between 1990 and 2019 has likely reduced daytime P(O 3 ) by ∼ 1.67 ppbv h −1 . Further abatement of fuel fugitive emissions was modeled to have had less impact on P(O 3 ) reduction than abatement of VOCs from industrial processes and solvent use. The long-term trend of increased emissions of ethanol and methanol has somewhat weakened the benefits of reducing road transport emissions, increasing P(O 3 ) by ∼ 0.19 ppbv h −1 in the case study. Abatement of VOC emissions from multiple sources has been a notable technical and policy success in the UK, but some future benefits (from an ozone perspective) of the phase-out of internal combustion engine passenger cars may be offset if domestic and commercial solvent use of VOCs continue to increase.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/6219/2024Test/

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6219-2024Test
https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/6219/2024Test/

المؤلفون: Li, Jianghao, Lewis, Alastair C., Hopkins, Jim R., Andrews, Stephen J., Murrells, Tim, Passant, Neil, Richmond, Ben, Hou, Siqi, Bloss, William, Harrison, Roy, Shi, Zongbo

المصدر: eISSN

الوصف: Anthropogenic non-methane volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the United Kingdom have been substantially reduced since 1990, which is, in part, attributed to controls on evaporative and vehicle tailpipe emissions. Over time, other sources with a different speciation (for example, alcohols from solvent use and industry processes) have grown in both relative importance and, in some cases, in absolute terms. The impact of this change in speciation and the resulting photochemical reactivities of VOCs are evaluated using a photochemical box model constrained by observational data during a summertime ozone event (Birmingham, UK) and apportionment of sources based on the UK National Atmospheric Emission Inventory (NAEI) data over the period 1990–2019. Despite road transport sources representing only 3.3 % of UK VOC emissions in 2019, road transport continued being the sector with the largest influence on the local O 3 production rate (P(O 3 )). Under case study conditions, the 96 % reduction in road transport VOC emissions that has been achieved between 1990 and 2019 has likely reduced daytime P(O 3 ) by ∼ 1.67 ppbv h −1 . Further abatement of fuel fugitive emissions was modeled to have had less impact on P(O 3 ) reduction than abatement of VOCs from industrial processes and solvent use. The long-term trend of increased emissions of ethanol and methanol has somewhat weakened the benefits of reducing road transport emissions, increasing P(O 3 ) by ∼ 0.19 ppbv h −1 in the case study. Abatement of VOC emissions from multiple sources has been a notable technical and policy success in the UK, but some future benefits (from an ozone perspective) of the phase-out of internal combustion engine passenger cars may be offset if domestic and commercial solvent use of VOCs continue to increase.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2023/egusphere-2023-2294Test/

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2294Test
https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2023/egusphere-2023-2294Test/

المؤلفون: Rowlinson, Matthew James, Carpenter, Lucy, Read, Katie, Punjabi, Shalini, Adedeji, Adedayo, Fakes, Luke, Lewis, Ally, Richmond, Ben, Passant, Neil, Murrells, Tim, Henderson, Barron, Bates, Kelvin, Helmig, Deltev, Evans, Mat

مصطلحات موضوعية: article, Verlagsveröffentlichung

الوصف: Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds (NMVOCs) generate ozone (O3) when they are oxidized in the presence of oxides of nitrogen, modulate the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere and can lead to the formation of aerosol. Here, we assess the capability of a chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to simulate NMVOC concentrations by comparing ethane, propane and higher alkane observations in remote regions from the NOAA Flask Network and the World Meteorological Organization’s Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) network. Using the Community Emissions Data System (CEDS) inventory we find a significant underestimate in the simulated concentration of both ethane (35 %) and propane (64 %), consistent with previous studies. We run a new simulation where the total mass of anthropogenic NMVOC emitted in a grid box is the same as that used in CEDS, but with the NMVOC speciation derived from regional inventories. For US emissions we use the National Emissions Inventory (NEI), for Europe we use the UK National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory (NAEI), and for China, the Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China (MEIC). These changes lead to a large increase in the modelled concentrations of ethane, improving the mean model bias from -35 % to -3.8 %. Simulated propane also improves (from -64 % to -48.0 % mean model bias), but there remains a substantial model underestimate. There were relatively minor changes to other NMVOCs. The low bias in simulated global ethane concentration is essentially removed, resolving one long-term issue in global simulations. Propane concentrations are improved but remain significantly underestimated, suggesting the potential for a missing global propane source. The change in the NMVOC emission speciation results in only minor changes in tropospheric O3 and OH concentrations.

وصف الملف: electronic

العلاقة: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2557Test; https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00069765Test; https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00068136/egusphere-2023-2557.pdfTest; https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2023/egusphere-2023-2557/egusphere-2023-2557.pdfTest

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2557Test
https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00069765Test
https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00068136/egusphere-2023-2557.pdfTest
https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2023/egusphere-2023-2557/egusphere-2023-2557.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Li, Jianghao, Lewis, Alastair C., Hopkins, Jim R., Andrews, Stephen J., Murrells, Tim, Passant, Neil, Richmond, Ben, Hou, Siqi, Bloss, William, Harrison, Roy, Shi, Zongbo

مصطلحات موضوعية: article, Verlagsveröffentlichung

الوصف: Anthropogenic non-methane volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the United Kingdom have been substantial reduced since 1990, partly attributed to controls on evaporative and vehicle tailpipe emissions. Over time other sources with a different speciation, for example alcohols from solvent use and industry processes, have grown in both relative importance and in some cases in absolute terms. The impact of this change in speciation and the resulting photochemical reactivities of VOCs are evaluated using a photochemical box model constrained by observational data during a summertime ozone event (Birmingham, UK), and speciation and apportionment of sources based on the UK national atmospheric emission inventory (NAEI) data over the period 1990–2019. Despite road transport sources representing only 3.3 % of UK VOC emissions in 2019, it continued as the sector with the largest influence on local O3 production rate (P(O3)). Under case study conditions, the 96 % reduction in road transport VOC emissions that has been achieved between 1990–2019 has likely reduced daytime P(O3) by ~1.67 ppbv h-1. Further abatement of fuel fugitive emissions was modeled to have had less impact on P(O3) reduction than abatement of VOCs from industrial processes and solvent emissions. The long-term trend of increased emissions of ethanol and methanol have somewhat weakened the benefits of reducing road transport emissions, increasing P(O3) by ~0.19 ppbv h-1 in the case study. Abatement of VOC emissions from multiple sources has been a notable technical and policy success in the UK, but some future benefits (from an ozone perspective) of the phase out of internal combustion engine passenger cars may be offset if domestic and commercial solvent emissions of VOCs were to continue to increase.

وصف الملف: electronic

العلاقة: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2294Test; https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00069379Test; https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00067765/egusphere-2023-2294.pdfTest; https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2023/egusphere-2023-2294/egusphere-2023-2294.pdfTest

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2294Test
https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00069379Test
https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00067765/egusphere-2023-2294.pdfTest
https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2023/egusphere-2023-2294/egusphere-2023-2294.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Richmond, Ben

المصدر: Ecology Law Quarterly, 2019 Jan 01. 46(2), 343-372.

الوصول الحر: https://www.jstor.org/stable/26955193Test

المؤلفون: Rowlinson, Matthew J., Carpenter, Lucy J., Read, Katie A., Punjabi, Shalini, Adedeji, Adedayo, Fakes, Luke, Lewis, Ally, Richmond, Ben, Passant, Neil, Murrells, Tim, Henderson, Barron, Bates, Kelvin H., Helmig, Detlev, Evans, Mat J.

المصدر: Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussions; 11/8/2023, p1-38, 38p

مستخلص: Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds (NMVOCs) generate ozone (O3) when they are oxidized in the presence of oxides of nitrogen, modulate the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere and can lead to the formation of aerosol. Here, we assess the capability of a chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to simulate NMVOC concentrations by comparing ethane, propane and higher alkane observations in remote regions from the NOAA Flask Network and the World Meteorological Organization's 5 Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) network. Using the Community Emissions Data System (CEDS) inventory we find a significant underestimate in the simulated concentration of both ethane (35%) and propane (64%), consistent with previous studies. We run a new simulation where the total mass of anthropogenic NMVOC emitted in a grid box is the same as that used in CEDS, but with the NMVOC speciation derived from regional inventories. For US emissions we use the National Emissions Inventory (NEI), for Europe we use the UK National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory (NAEI), and for China, the Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China (MEIC). These changes lead to a large increase in the modelled concentrations of ethane, improving the mean model bias from -35% to -3.8%. Simulated propane also improves (from -64% to -48.0% mean model bias), but there remains a substantial model underestimate. There were relatively minor changes to other NMVOCs. The low bias in simulated global ethane concentration is essentially removed, resolving one long-term issue in global simulations. Propane concentrations are improved but remain significantly underestimated, suggesting the potential for a missing global propane source. The change in the NMVOC emission speciation results in only minor changes in tropospheric O3 and OH concentrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussions is the property of Copernicus Gesellschaft mbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Marti Lindsey, Shaw-Ree Chen, Richmond Ben, Melissa Manoogian, Jordan Spradlin

المصدر: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; Volume 18; Issue 21; Pages: 11626

مصطلحات موضوعية: environmental health, literacy, knowledge, skills, risk communication, disease prevention

جغرافية الموضوع: agris

الوصف: “Environmental Health Literacy” (EHL) is embraced as important for improving public health by preventing disability and disease from our environment. This study aimed to determine knowledge and skill items identified by Environmental Health (EH) professionals as being associated with EHL and to understand how these items rank by importance. Such a coordinated effort to tease out skills and knowledge needed for EHL had not previously been made. We utilized a mixed-methods approach of semi-structured interviews of 24 EH professionals and a quantitative survey with 275 EH professionals across the United States. Interviews identified 37 skill and 69 knowledge items, which were used to create the survey questions. Survey results indicate 32 knowledge items and six skill items considered essential by >50% of respondents where consensus was reached between professional groups (chi square test: p > 0.05). We further identified six knowledge items, which >70% of EH professionals agreed were essential for EHL. The identification of these knowledge and skill items sets the stage for further research that includes exploring agreement with more diverse stakeholders, developing comprehensive measures of EHL and evaluation of methods and materials designed to improve EHL.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Environmental Health; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111626Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111626Test

المؤلفون: Lindsey, Marti, Sestiaga, Daniel, Pryor, Jaclyn, Richmond, Ben, Benavides, Alex, Stevens, Annamarie

المصدر: Tribal College Journal of American Indian Higher Education. Win 2021 33(2).

تمت مراجعته من قبل الزملاء: Y

الواصفات: Community Colleges, Tribally Controlled Education, Minority Serving Institutions, Universities, Partnerships in Education, Intercollegiate Cooperation, American Indian Students, Transitional Programs, Transfer Programs, College Transfer Students

مصطلحات جغرافية: Arizona

مستخلص: The partnership between Tohono O'odham Community College (TOCC) and the Southwest Environmental Health Sciences Center (SWEHSC) at the University of Arizona (UA) has relied on principles that have produced a long-term relationship and full participation among the partners. Active listening, travelling to the community, longevity, understanding ways of life within the partner's community, the intent to serve the community, and agreeing not to publish without the tribe's permission are critical to the success of the partnership (London, Haapanen, Backus, Mack, Lindsey, & Andrade, 2020). Relying on these principles and shared leadership, the partners created the program "A Student's Journey (ASJ)" to reduce barriers in transitioning from a community college to a four-year university and to create career pathways for Native American students. Both partnering organizations seek to address the problem of low bachelor's degree attainment among tribal students (NCES, 2017; PNPI, 2018). Additional shared concerns include barriers to Native student persistence and resilience, two concepts at the forefront of low bachelor's degree attainment. Organized through an environmental health and social justice lens, ASJ allows students to investigate environmental impacts on human health and serves as a vehicle for social justice discussions while establishing a foundation for Native nation-building. More specifically, ASJ operates in an asset-based model that recognizes cultural knowledge and Native ways of knowing as a strength of the ASJ participants rather than as a deficit. ASJ utilizes this asset-based model to promote a successful transfer pathway to four-year colleges and universities for TOCC students.

Abstractor: ERIC

الوصول الحر: https://tribalcollegejournal.org/i-wemta-working-together-at-tohono-oodham-community-college-and-the-university-of-arizonaTest/

المؤلفون: Jianghao Li, Lewis, Alastair C., Hopkins, Jim R., Andrews, Stephen J., Murrells, Tim, Passant, Neil, Richmond, Ben, Siqi Hou, Bloss, William, Harrison, Roy, Zongbo Shi

المصدر: Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussions; 10/19/2023, p1-20, 20p

مستخلص: Anthropogenic non-methane volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the United Kingdom have been substantial reduced since 1990, partly attributed to controls on evaporative and vehicle tailpipe emissions. Over time other sources with a different speciation, for example alcohols from solvent use and industry processes, have grown in both relative importance and in some cases in absolute terms. The impact of this change in speciation and the resulting photochemical reactivities of VOCs are evaluated using a photochemical box model constrained by observational data during a summertime ozone event (Birmingham, UK), and speciation and apportionment of sources based on the UK national atmospheric emission inventory (NAEI) data over the period 1990-2019. Despite road transport sources representing only 3.3% of UK VOC emissions in 2019, it continued as the sector with the largest influence on local O3 production rate (P(O3)). Under case study conditions, the 96% reduction in road transport VOC emissions that has been achieved between 1990 - 2019 has likely reduced daytime P(O3) by ~1.67 ppbv h^-1. Further abatement of fuel fugitive emissions was modeled to have had less impact on P(O3) reduction than abatement of VOCs from industrial processes and solvent emissions. The long-term trend of increased emissions of ethanol and methanol have somewhat weakened the benefits of reducing road transport emissions, increasing P(O3) by ~0.19 ppbv h^-1 in the case study. Abatement of VOC emissions from multiple sources has been a notable technical and policy success in the UK, but some future benefits (from an ozone perspective) of the phase out of internal combustion engine passenger cars may be offset if domestic and commercial solvent emissions of VOCs were to continue to increase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussions is the property of Copernicus Gesellschaft mbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Singh, Nadia, Nyuur, Richard, Richmond, Ben

مصطلحات موضوعية: H800 Chemical, Process and Energy Engineering, L100 Economics

الوصف: Renewable energy is being increasingly touted as the “fuel of the future,” which will help to reconcile the prerogatives of high economic growth and an economically friendly development trajectory. This paper seeks to examine relationships between renewable energy production and economic growth and the differential impact on both developed and developing economies. We employed the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) regression model to a sample of 20 developed and developing countries for the period 1995–2016. Our key empirical findings reveal that renewable energy production is associated with a positive and statistically significant impact on economic growth in both developed and developing countries for the period 1995–2016. Our results also show that the impact of renewable energy production on economic growth is higher in developing economies, as compared to developed economies. In developed countries, an increase in renewable energy production leads to a 0.07 per cent rise in output, compared to only 0.05 per cent rise in output for developing countries. These findings have important implications for policymakers and reveal that renewable energy production can offer an environmentally sustainable means of economic growth in the future.

وصف الملف: text

العلاقة: https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/39132/1/sustainability-11-02418.pdfTest; Singh, Nadia, Nyuur, Richard and Richmond, Ben (2019) Renewable Energy Development as a Driver of Economic Growth: Evidence from Multivariate Panel Data Analysis. Sustainability, 11 (8). p. 2418. ISSN 2071-1050

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/su11082418Test
https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/39132Test/
https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/39132/1/sustainability-11-02418.pdfTest