المؤلفون: Sghaier-Hammami, Besma, Hammami, Sofiene B. M., Baazaoui, Narjes, Chaari, Sami, Drira, Riadh, Drira, Noureddine, Smida, Malek, Jouira, Hatem Ben, Goussi, Rahma, Zribi, Fathia, Rapoport, Hava F., Shatti, Ali, Bettaieb, Taoufik, Jorrín, Jesús V.

المساهمون: King Khalid University

مصطلحات موضوعية: Salt stress adaptation, Ex vitro plants, High salinity, Phoenix dactylifera, Photosynthesis

الوصف: In this study, the response to salt stress was evaluated in ex vitro acclimated date palm plants, regenerated from in vitro culture multiplication. The plants, eighteen-month-old, were irrigated with 0 (control), 150, 300 or 450 mM NaCl solutions (high to very high-water salinity). Photosynthesis parameters and antioxidant compounds were determined at the end of the experiment in leaves. At 150 mM NaCl, net CO2 assimilation rate and internal CO2 concentration were not impaired; while transpiration and stomatal conductance decreased by 60 and 70%, respectively. By increasing salt concentrations, all gas exchanges parameters were decreased. Measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence and P700 redox state showed that PSII and PSI machineries were significantly enhanced under 150 mM NaCl, conditions. With the 300 mM NaCl, the PSI parameters remained unchanged compared to control, while some of the PSII parameters, such as NPQ and Y (NPQ), were increased. At 450 mM NaCl, photosystems functionality was light intensity (PAR) dependent. Only at low PAR, a significant increase of some PSI and PSII parameters was observed. At the contrary, with high PAR, most of the energy conversion functions were significantly reduced, especially those related to PSI, indicating that PSI was more susceptible for damage by salinity than PSII. To overcome high salinity stress, ex vitro date palm plants mobilized a cascade of physio-biochemical pathways including the antioxidant activity and proline biosynthesis. Overall, the salinity of irrigation water, and up to 150 mM, improves the physiological performance of ex vitro date palm plants, which manage to tolerate very high levels of this stress. ; The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work through the large research Groups projects (Project under grant number (RGP. 2/73/44)). ; Peer reviewed

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Publisher's version; https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51213057Test; Sí; Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 51(2): 13057 (2023); http://hdl.handle.net/10261/342198Test; 2-s2.0-85165050895; https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85165050895Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51213057Test
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/342198Test
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85165050895Test

المؤلفون: Peco, Jesús D., Rapoport, Hava F., Centeno, Ana, Pérez-López, David

الوصف: Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) strategies aim to improve water usage without reducing yield. Generally, irrigation strategy effectiveness is measured as fruit yield, with little consideration of fruit quality. As water deficit and increased plant cell sclerification are often associated, this study explored the effect of RDI on pear fruit stone cells, a crucial trait affecting flesh texture. The presence, distribution, and development of pear fruit stone cells under RDI and full irrigation were compared using Pyrus communis L. cv. Barlett trees, employing recently developed microscope image analysis technology. The control treatment was maintained under non-stress conditions, while the RDI treatment received an average of 15% of the control water during the latter part of Stage I fruit development. Observations at the end of Stage I and at harvest revealed no effect on stone cell presence under the RDI strategy tested. The relative area of stone cells within the flesh was greater at Stage I than at harvest, as stone cell expansion occurred early in development, while the (unsclerified) parenchyma cells, a dominant component of the fruit flesh, expanded until harvest. Stone cell cluster density was higher near the fruit core than in the cortex center and exterior. These initial results suggest that well-planned RDI strategies will generally not affect pear fruit stone cell content and, thus, textural quality. Microscope image analysis supported the results from previously used analytical techniques, mainly chemical, while providing a tool for better understanding the process and factors involved in the timing of stone cell differentiation.

العلاقة: Plants 12 (23): 4024 (2023); http://hdl.handle.net/10261/340202Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12234024Test
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/340202Test

المؤلفون: Hammami, Sofiene B. M., Chaari, Sami, Baazaoui, Narjes, Drira, Riadh, Drira, Noureddine, Aounallah, Karim, Maazoun, Asma, Antar, Zied, Jorrín, Jesús V., Bettaieb, Taoufik, Rapoport, Hava F., Sghaier-Hammami, Besma

المساهمون: King Khalid University

مصطلحات موضوعية: Salt stress avoidance, Ex vitro plants, Ions exclusion and uptakes, Phoenix dactylifera, Salt stress adaptation

الوصف: The date palm, a central plant in the fragile oasis ecosystem, is considered one of the fruit species most tolerant to salt stress. However, the tolerance mechanisms involved are yet to be addressed and their evaluation until now was mainly based on heterogenous plant material such as seedlings or limited to in vitro experiment conditions. For these reasons, we propose to deepen our knowledge of the morphological and physiological responses to salt stress using acclimated ex vitro plants resulting from the propagation of a single genotype. The plants were irrigated with 0, 150, 300, or 450 mM NaCl solutions for four months. Our results showed that the influence of water salinity on growth and ion-homeostasis regulation was very dependent on stress levels. The 150 mM NaCl concentration was found to improve dry biomass by about 35%, but at higher salt concentrations (300 and 450 mM) it decreased by 40–65%. The shoot:root dry mass ratio decreased significantly at the 150 mM NaCl water concentration and then increased with increasing water salt concentration. The leaf:root ratio for Na+ and Cl− decreased significantly with increasing water salinity up to a concentration of 300 mM NaCl, and then stabilized with similar values for 300 mM and 450 mM NaCl. In contrast to Na+ and Cl−, leaf K+ content was significantly higher in the leaf than in the root for all salt treatments. Unlike Na+ and K+, Cl− was expelled to the surface of leaves in response to increased water salinity. Overall, date palm plants appear to be more capable of excluding Cl− than Na+ and of changing biomass allocation according to salt-stress level, and their leaves and roots both appear to play an important role in this tolerance strategy. ; All authors are funded through the Small Research group project from the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University under research grant number (R.G.P.1/295/43). ; Peer reviewed

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Publisher's version; https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912676Test; Sí; Sustainability 14(19): 12676 (2022); http://hdl.handle.net/10261/305770Test; 2-s2.0-85139946486; https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85139946486Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912676Test
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/305770Test
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85139946486Test

المؤلفون: Rubio-Valdés, Guillermo, Cabello, Diego, Rapoport, Hava F., Rallo, Luis

المساهمون: European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Reproductive budburst, Olea europaea L, Bearing status, Chilling requirements

الوصف: Dormancy release dynamics in olive tree (Olea europaea L.) reproductive buds as affected by cold accumulation, tree bearing status, and budburst temperature was studied under natural and controlled conditions, using both cuttings and container- and field-grown plants. The chilling necessary for dormancy release was acquired at different times within the bud population, presenting a progressive pattern of reproductive budburst. Once sufficient chilling is accumulated, 20 °C is a suitable temperature for reproductive budburst, although higher temperature, e.g., 30 °C, during dormancy release can inhibit budburst. While the bearing status of trees determined the amount of return bloom, dormancy release followed a similar pattern for previously bearing and non-bearing trees. Concurrent with investigating budburst factors, the use of shoot cuttings was tested as a method for olive dormancy release studies by contrasting with results from whole trees. It was found it to be valid for studying reproductive budburst, thus providing a useful method to screen chilling requirements in cultivar evaluation and the breeding programs currently ongoing in this species. However, the method was not valid for vegetative budburst, with varying results between cuttings and the whole plant. ; This work received support from European Union Horizon 2020 project GEN4OLIVE (H2020-SFS-2020-1; G.A. No. 101000427) and Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation projects AGL2005-00930/AGR and AGL2008-02570/AGR. ; Peer reviewed

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#; info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/101000427; info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICINN//AGL2005-00930/AGR; info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICINN//AGL2008-02570/AGR; Publisher's version; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11243461Test; Sí; Plants 11(24): 3461 (2022); http://hdl.handle.net/10261/305747Test; http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780Test; http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004837Test; 2-s2.0-85144698297; https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85144698297Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/plants1124346110.13039/50110000078010.13039/501100004837Test
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/305747Test
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85144698297Test

المؤلفون: Rapoport, Hava F., Moreno Alías, Inmaculada, Rosa Peinazo, Miguel Ángel de la, Frija, Amina, de la Rosa, Raúl, León, Lorenzo

المساهمون: Junta de Andalucía, Instituto de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera (España), European Commission

مصطلحات موضوعية: Arbequina, Olea europea L, Breeding, Inflorescence, Mesocarp, Ovary, Ovule, Perfect flower, Staminate flower, Picual

الوصف: This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected papers from the XVI Congress of the Spanish Society of Horticultural Science (SECH). ; Despite the importance of flowering for fruit formation, it has been considered very little in breeding programs involving fruit species, including olives. We evaluated the principal morphological flower-quality components in the olive cultivars, 'Arbequina' and 'Picual', and in the progenies of their crosses. Wide ranges of variation were obtained for all the inflorescence traits and ovary tissue sizes. An analysis of variance indicated that the residual error was the main contributor to the inflorescence traits, except for the number of perfect flowers, underlining the need to evaluate adequate numbers of inflorescences for accurate measurements of these traits. However, the high repeatability obtained for the inflorescence traits suggests that simple evaluation procedures could be accurate enough for genotype characterization. The average values for 'Arbequina' were in the upper range for all the traits; the opposite occurred for 'Picual', and the values for most of the progenies were intermediate. No significant differences between the maternal and paternal effect on inheritance were found. Some interesting transgressive segregants showed a higher flower number, greater ovary and mesocarp size, or percentage of ovaries with all four fully developed ovules. The correlations among the parameters may have reflected a relatively consistent distribution of the ovaries' structural components and a close relationship between the ovaries and their mesocarp growth. ; This research was partly financed by the projects AVA2019.027 (IFAPA, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural Research and Training) and P11-AGR385 7835 (Andalusian Excellence grant), both of which are partially funded by European Regional Development Funds (ERDFs). ; Peer reviewed

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Publisher's version; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11101285Test; Sí; Plants 11(10): 1285 (2022); http://hdl.handle.net/10261/286715Test; http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780Test; http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011011Test; 2-s2.0-85129753210; https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85129753210Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/plants1110128510.13039/50110000078010.13039/501100011011Test
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/286715Test
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85129753210Test

المؤلفون: Fabbri, Andrea, Rapoport, Hava F.

الوصف: Peer reviewed

العلاقة: https://doi.org/10.1079/9781789247350.000Test; Sí; The Olive. Botany and Production 2.1: 33- 65 (2023); http://hdl.handle.net/10261/354310Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1079/9781789247350.000Test
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/354310Test

المؤلفون: Rosati, Adolfo, Caporali, Silvia, Hammami, Sofiene B. M., Moreno Alías, Inmaculada, Rapoport, Hava F.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Activity, Division, Endocarp, Expansion, Mesocarp, Ploidy, Sink strength, Size

الوصف: The relationship between tissue (mesocarp and endocarp) growth and either tissue initial (i.e. in the ovary at bloom) size or cell number was studied using the olive cultivar Leccino (L) and its mutated clone (LC), which produces tetraploid fruits. LC ovaries were 2.7 times the volume of L ovaries, but contained an overall similar number of much larger cells. This allowed decoupling cell number and ovary size, which are normally closely correlated. With this decoupling, cell number in the ovary correlated with tissue growth in the fruit while tissue size in the ovary did not. Cell size in the ovary was inversely correlated with the tissue relative growth from bloom to harvest (i.e. the ratio between final and initial tissue size). These results support the hypothesis that cell number and not tissue size are related to fruit growth and sink strength, and that cell size in the ovary tissues is a good predictor of tissue growth, across cultivars and tissues, even when cell size is strongly affected by ploidy.

العلاقة: Postprint; http://doi.org/10.1071/FP20076Test; Sí; e-issn: 1445-4416; Functional Plant Biology 47(12): 1098-1104 (2020); http://hdl.handle.net/10261/227779Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1071/FP20076Test
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/227779Test

المؤلفون: Centeno, Ana, Rapoport, Hava F., García Gálvez, Gonzalo, Pérez-López, D., Moriana, Alfonso

مصطلحات موضوعية: Endocarpo, Mesocarpo, Óvulo, Número y tamaño celular, Ovario

الوصف: Trabajo presentado en el XVI Congreso Nacional de Ciencias Hortícolas, celebrado en Córdoba del 17 al 22 de octubre de 2021. ; El desarrollo floral representa un paso esencial en la formación del fruto, y por consecuencia, en la producción. La calidad floral es un concepto que engloba todos los aspectos de la flor que afectan al número de frutos o su calidad. En el olivo el parámetro de calidad floral más conocido es la formación de flores perfectas, que tienen tanto estambres (estructuras masculinas) como pistilo (la estructura femenina que contiene el ovario). Al contrario, las flores imperfectas, no contienen ovario, la estructura desde donde se desarrolla el fruto. Esta clasificación es bastante limitada ya que, aunque una flor presente un pistilo, puede presentar otros aspectos limitantes de la calidad floral. Además, se centra en las flores ya formadas, sin evaluar la cantidad y calidad de las inflorescencias. En este trabajo se observaron parámetros de calidad de flor en tratamientos de riego y secano utilizando 4 árboles por tratamiento y en cada uno, 100 inflorescencias o 10 ovarios dependiendo del factor analizado. Se evaluó el número de flores por inflorescencia, el número de flores perfectas (con pistilo) por inflorescencia, el porcentaje de flores perfectas en cada inflorescencia y de inflorescencias fértiles (con al menos una flor perfecta). Dentro de las flores perfectas, se evaluó el porcentaje de ovarios con 1, 2, 3 ó 4 óvulos bien desarrollados. En los ovarios, se midió el área que histológicamente se desarrollaría en endocarpo y en mesocarpo, y el número y tamaño de las células que histológicamente formarían el mesocarpo. Todos los factores estudiados, salvo el tamaño celular se vieron afectados por el estrés hídrico lo que dio lugar a una reducción muy significativa de la producción, afectando tanto al número de frutos como al tamaño de los mismos. Los resultados apoyan la importancia de las flores perfectas, además de otros parámetros, en determinar la calidad floral del olivo.

العلاقة: Sí; XVI Congreso Nacional de Ciencias Hortícolas (2021); http://hdl.handle.net/10261/268233Test

الإتاحة: http://hdl.handle.net/10261/268233Test

المؤلفون: Palomares Rius, Juan E., Belaj, Angjelina, León, Lorenzo, Rosa, Raúl de la, Rapoport, Hava F., Castillo, Pablo

المساهمون: Junta de Andalucía, European Commission, CSIC - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Histopathology, Meloidogyne, Olive, Reproduction, Resistance, Root-knot nematodes

الوصف: Olive (Olea europaea L.) is one of the most important fruit crops in the Mediterranean Basin, because it occupies significant acreage in these countries and often has important cultural heritage and landscape value. This crop can be infected by several Meloidogyne species (M. javanica, M. arenaria, and M. incognita, among others), and only a few cultivars with some level of resistance to these nematodes have been found. Innovations in intensive olive growing using high planting densities, irrigation, and substantial amounts of fertilizers could increase the nematode population to further damaging levels. To further understand the interactions involved between olive and pathogenic nematodes and in the hope of finding solutions to the agricultural risks, this research aimed to determine the reaction of important olive cultivars in Spain and wild olives to M. javanica infection, including genotypes of the same and other O. europaea subspecies. All olive cultivars tested were good hosts for M. javanica, but high levels of nematode reproduction found in three cultivars (Gordal Sevillana, Hojiblanca, and Manzanilla de Sevilla) were substantially different. In the wild accessions, O. europaea subsp. cerasiformis (genotype W147) and O. europaea subsp. europaea var. sylvestris (genotype W224) were resistant to M. javanica at different levels, with strong resistance in W147 (reproduction factor [Rf] = 0.0003) and moderate resistance in W224 (Rf = 0.79). The defense reaction of W147 to M. javanica showed a strong increase of phenolic compounds but no hypersensitive reaction. ; This research was supported by grants P12-AGR 1486 and AGR-136 from the ‘Consejeria de Economia, Innovacion y Ciencia’ of the Junta de Andalucia, and Union Europea, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo regional, ‘Una manera de hacer Europa’, grant 201740E042, “Análisis de diversidad molecular, barcoding, y relaciones filogenéticas de nematodos fitoparásitos en cultivos mediterráneos” from Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), grant 219262 ArimNET_ERANET ...

العلاقة: #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#; info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/219262; Preprint; http://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-19-0322-RETest; Sí; Plant Disease 103(10): 2559-2568 (2019); http://hdl.handle.net/10261/201450Test; http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780Test; http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100007652Test; http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011011Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-19-0322-RETest
https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000780Test
https://doi.org/10.13039/100007652Test
https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011011Test
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/201450Test

المؤلفون: Moreno Alías, Inmaculada, Trentacoste, Eduardo R., Gómez del Campo, María, Beyá Marshall, Víctor Manuel, Rapoport, Hava F.

المصدر: Acta Horticulturae

مصطلحات موضوعية: Floral quality, Flower number, Irradiance model, Olea europaea, Ovary size

الوصف: Olive lree productivity is highly respons1ve to radiation condit10ns, so understanding the responses of the developmental processes that determine yield, among these inflorescence and flower differentiation, is essenllal for orchard design and management This is particularly true in the new intensive hedgerow orchards, where radiation reception highly depends on canopy height and row onentation and spacing. In an E-W (East- West) oriented hedgerow (cv. Arbequina) located in Toledo (Spain), inflorescences were sampled from both sides (South (S) and North (N)) of the hedgerow canopy, at heights 0-0.4, 0.8- 1.2, and 1.6-2.0 m above the so1l. Floral quality was determined at diffe rent levcls of morphogenetic organization: inflorescence, flower, and ovary. Daily irradiance intercepted during flower development by each canopy posit10n was estimated using a model. The more highly illuminated S side received 28% overall more irradiance than the N side. Upper layer irradiance was greater than bottom )ayer, 4.1 and 1.8 times for N and S sides, respectively. lnflorescence structure, flower number and perfect flower proportion were similar at different heights on the S side. In contrast, N side upper !ayer inflorescences were longer and had more nodes, total flowers and perfect flowers than at lower hedgcrow heights. At cach height perfcct flower proportion was higher on the S than N side, whilc thc remaining lraits were similar belween sides. Ovary tissue sizes, observed in histological preparat10ns, did not vary among heights on each side, but was higher on the S than N side due to endocarp size. Simulated irradiance at flowering explained 88% of the observed variat1on of perfect flower number per inflorescence. Overall, the results emphasize the importance of irradiance at different hedgerow sides and heights on olive inflorescence and floral slructures.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Acta Horticulturae, Volumen 1199, ISHS 2018; https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/169267Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2018.1199.18Test
https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/169267Test