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1دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: P Daniel Patterson, Cassie J Hilditch, Matthew D Weaver, David GL Roach, Tiffany S Okerman, Sarah E Martin, Charity G Patterson, Leonard S Weiss
المصدر: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, Vol 50, Iss 1, Pp 22-27 (2024)
مصطلحات موضوعية: shift work, sleepiness, shift worker, night shift, mood, recovery sleep, shift performance, randomized crossover trial, nap, napping, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
الوصف: OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to test the effect of a 30-minute nap versus a 2-hour nap opportunity taken during a simulated night shift on performance, fatigue, sleepiness, mood, and sleep at the end of shift and during post-night shift recovery. METHODS: We conducted a randomized crossover trial of three nap conditions (30-minute, 2-hour, and no-nap) during 12-hour simulated night shifts. We tested for differences in performance, fatigue, sleepiness, mood, and sleep during in-lab and at-home recovery. Performance was measured with the Brief Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT-B). Subjective ratings were assessed with single-item surveys. RESULTS: Twenty-eight individuals consented to participate [mean age 24.4 (standard deviation 7.2) years; 53.6% female; 85.7% Emergency Medical Services clinicians]. PVT-B false starts at the end of the 12-hour night shift (at 07:00 hours) and at the start of in-lab recovery (08:00 hours) were lower following the 2-hour nap versus other conditions (P0.05). Sleepiness, fatigue, and some mood states were lower at most hourly assessments during the in-lab recovery period following the 2-hour nap condition compared to the other conditions. Sleep during recovery did not differ by duration of night shift nap. CONCLUSIONS: A 2-hour nap opportunity versus a 30-minute or no-nap opportunity is beneficial for performance, alertness, and mood post-night shift. No differences were detected in sleep during recovery.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
العلاقة: https://www.sjweh.fi/article/4129Test; https://doaj.org/toc/0355-3140Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1795-990XTest
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2دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Wu, Aihua, Wolley, Martin J., Mayr, Hannah L., Cheng, Lei, Cowley, Diane, Li, Bo, Campbell, Katrina L., Terker, Andrew S., Ellison, David H., Welling, Paul A., Fenton, Robert A., Stowasser, Michael
المصدر: Wu , A , Wolley , M J , Mayr , H L , Cheng , L , Cowley , D , Li , B , Campbell , K L , Terker , A S , Ellison , D H , Welling , P A , Fenton , R A & Stowasser , M 2023 , ' Randomized Trial on the Effect of Oral Potassium Chloride Supplementation on the Thiazide-Sensitive Sodium Chloride Cotransporter in Healthy Adults ' , Kidney international reports , vol. 8 , no. 6 , pp. 1201-1212 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ekir.2023.03.011Test
مصطلحات موضوعية: high sodium diet, potassium, randomized crossover trial, sodium chloride cotransporter, urinary extracellular vesicles
الوصف: Introduction: The putative “renal-K switch” mechanism links dietary potassium intake with sodium retention and involves activation of the sodium chloride (NaCl) cotransporter (NCC) in the distal convoluted tubule in response to low potassium intake, and suppression in response to high potassium intake. This study examined NCC abundance and phosphorylation (phosphorylated NCC [pNCC]) in urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) isolated from healthy adults on a high sodium diet to determine tubular responses to alteration in potassium chloride (KCl) intake. Methods: Healthy adults maintained on a high sodium (∼4.5 g [200 mmol]/d) low potassium (∼2.3 g [60 mmol]/d) diet underwent a 5-day run-in period followed by a crossover study, with 5-day supplementary KCl (active phase, Span-K 3 tablets (potassium 24 mmol) thrice daily) or 5-day placebo administrated in random order and separated by 2-day washout. Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and biochemistries were assessed, and uEVs were analyzed by western blotting. Results: Among the 18 participants who met analysis criteria, supplementary KCl administration (vs. placebo) was associated with markedly higher levels of plasma potassium and 24-hour urine excretion of potassium, chloride, and aldosterone. KCl supplementation was associated with lower uEV levels of NCC (median fold change (KCl/Placebo) = 0.74 [0.30–1.69], P < 0.01) and pNCC (fold change (KCl/Placebo) = 0.81 [0.19–1.75], P < 0.05). Plasma potassium inversely correlated with uEV NCC (R 2 = 0.11, P = 0.05). Conclusions: The lower NCC and pNCC in uEVs in response to oral KCl supplementation provide evidence to support the hypothesis of a functional “renal-K switch” in healthy human subjects.
الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ekir.2023.03.011Test
https://pure.au.dk/portal/da/publicationsTest/randomized-trial-on-the-effect-of-oral-potassium-chloride-supplementation-on-the-thiazidesensitive-sodium-chloride-cotransporter-in-healthy-adults(ac4e1436-8b4d-4ea0-b1c4-31d94f99ddde).html
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85153865456&partnerID=8YFLogxKTest -
3دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Xihao Du, Qingli Zhang, Yixuan Jiang, Xinlei Zhu, Yang Zhang, Cong Liu, Yue Niu, Jing Cai, Renjie Chen, Haidong Kan
المصدر: Environment International, Vol 167, Iss , Pp 107430- (2022)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Traffic-related air pollution, Exosome, Small RNA sequencing, miRNA, Randomized, crossover trial, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
الوصف: Background: The underlying mechanisms for health effects of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) are still unclear. Small RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) in exosomes represents as a powerful approach to elucidate biological pathways in response to environmental exposure. We therefore aimed to explore impact of TRAP exposure on exosomal miRNAs. Methods: We performed a randomized, crossover study among 35 healthy college students in Shanghai, China. Participants were randomly assigned to 4-hour exposure in a traffic-polluted Road and in a traffic-free Park, respectively, intermitted by a washout period (at least 2 weeks). RNA-seq was conducted to identify plasma-derived exosomal miRNAs and the differential miRNAs were explored using linear mixed-effect models. Pathway enrichment was conducted using ingenuity pathway analysis. Further, we validated several selected miRNAs by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). Results: The average concentrations of air pollutants including ultrafine particles, black carbon, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon dioxide were 2–3 times higher in the Road compared to those in the Park. We identified 271 exosomal miRNAs (212 up-regulated and 59 down-regulated) that were significantly associated with TRAP. We found 5 miRNAs with 242 experimentally validated mRNA targets that were involved in cardiovascular pathway, cytokine signaling, and immune response. The ddPCR analysis suggested that miR-3612, miR-21-5p, and miR-195-5p were significantly changed following TRAP exposure. Conclusions: For the first time this trial characterized the genome-wide changes of exosomal miRNA associated with TRAP exposure. The molecular profiling of exosomal miRNAs and “novel” associations of some miRNAs were useful for understanding on biological mechanisms for the adverse effects of TRAP.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412022003579Test; https://doaj.org/toc/0160-4120Test
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4دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Matthew C. L. Phillips, Laura M. Deprez, Grace M. N. Mortimer, Deborah K. J. Murtagh, Stacey McCoy, Ruth Mylchreest, Linda J. Gilbertson, Karen M. Clark, Patricia V. Simpson, Eileen J. McManus, Jee-Eun Oh, Satish Yadavaraj, Vanessa M. King, Avinesh Pillai, Beatriz Romero-Ferrando, Martijn Brinkhuis, Bronwyn M. Copeland, Shah Samad, Shenyang Liao, Jan A. C. Schepel
المصدر: Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Alzheimer’s disease, Ketogenic diet, Randomized crossover trial, Cognition, Daily function, Quality of life, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
الوصف: Abstract Background Brain energy metabolism is impaired in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which may be mitigated by a ketogenic diet. We conducted a randomized crossover trial to determine whether a 12-week modified ketogenic diet improved cognition, daily function, or quality of life in a hospital clinic of AD patients. Methods We randomly assigned patients with clinically confirmed diagnoses of AD to a modified ketogenic diet or usual diet supplemented with low-fat healthy-eating guidelines and enrolled them in a single-phase, assessor-blinded, two-period crossover trial (two 12-week treatment periods, separated by a 10-week washout period). Primary outcomes were mean within-individual changes in the Addenbrookes Cognitive Examination - III (ACE-III) scale, AD Cooperative Study - Activities of Daily Living (ADCS-ADL) inventory, and Quality of Life in AD (QOL-AD) questionnaire over 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes considered changes in cardiovascular risk factors and adverse effects. Results We randomized 26 patients, of whom 21 (81%) completed the ketogenic diet; only one withdrawal was attributed to the ketogenic diet. While on the ketogenic diet, patients achieved sustained physiological ketosis (12-week mean beta-hydroxybutyrate level: 0.95 ± 0.34 mmol/L). Compared with usual diet, patients on the ketogenic diet increased their mean within-individual ADCS-ADL (+ 3.13 ± 5.01 points, P = 0.0067) and QOL-AD (+ 3.37 ± 6.86 points, P = 0.023) scores; the ACE-III also increased, but not significantly (+ 2.12 ± 8.70 points, P = 0.24). Changes in cardiovascular risk factors were mostly favourable, and adverse effects were mild. Conclusions This is the first randomized trial to investigate the impact of a ketogenic diet in patients with uniform diagnoses of AD. High rates of retention, adherence, and safety appear to be achievable in applying a 12-week modified ketogenic diet to AD patients. Compared with a usual diet supplemented with low-fat healthy-eating guidelines, patients on the ketogenic diet improved in daily function and quality of life, two factors of great importance to people living with dementia. Trial registration This trial is registered on the Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, number ACTRN12618001450202 . The trial was registered on August 28, 2018.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1758-9193Test
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5دورية أكاديمية
المصدر: ISSN: 2047-2994 ; Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, vol. 11 (2022) 97.
مصطلحات موضوعية: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/616, Alcohol-based gel, Alcohol-based handrub, Hand hygiene, Hand sanitizer, Healthcare workers, Infection prevention, Intervention, Nurses, Randomized crossover trial, Skin, Tolerability, 2-Propanol, Ethanol, Hand Disinfection / methods, Health Personnel, Humans
الوصف: Introduction: Healthcare workers often experience skin dryness and irritation from performing hand hygiene frequently. Low acceptability and tolerability of a formulation are barriers to hand hygiene compliance, though little research has been conducted on what specific types of formulation have higher acceptability than others. Objective: To compare the acceptability and tolerability of an ethanol-based handrub gel with superfatting agents to the isopropanol-based formulations (a rub and a gel formulation) currently used by healthcare workers at the University of Geneva Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. Methods: Forty-two participants were randomized to two sequences, testing the isopropanol-based formulation that they are using currently (Hopirub® or Hopigel®), and the ethanol-based formulation containing superfatting agents (Saniswiss Sanitizer Hands H1). Participants tested each of the formulations over 7-10 day work shifts, after which skin condition was assessed and feedback was collected. Results: H1 scored significantly better than the control formulations for skin dryness (P = 0.0209), and participants felt less discomfort in their hands when using that formulation (P = 0.0448). H1 caused less skin dryness than Hopirub®/Hopigel® (P = 0.0210). Though overall preference was quite polarized, 21 participants preferred H1 intervention formulation and 17 preferred the Hopirub®/Hopigel® formulation that they normally used in their care activities. Conclusion: We observed a difference in acceptability and strongly polarized preferences among the participants' reactions to the formulations tested. These results indicate that giving healthcare workers a choice between different high-quality products is important to ensure maximum acceptability.
العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/35841075; https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:167091Test; unige:167091
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6دورية أكاديمية
المصدر: ISSN: 0195-6701 ; The Journal of hospital infection, vol. 123 (2022) p. 112-118.
مصطلحات موضوعية: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/616, ABHR, Hand hygiene, Alcohol-based gel, Alcohol-based handrub, Infection prevention, Randomized crossover trial, Skin, Tolerability
الوصف: Background: Healthcare workers often experience skin dryness and irritation from performing hand hygiene frequently. Tolerability and acceptability are barriers to hand hygiene compliance, but there is little in the literature about exactly which types of alcohol-based hand rubs (ABHRs) have a higher dermal tolerance. Aim: To compare the tolerability and acceptability of three different ABHR gel formulations in a population of adult volunteers. Methods: Thirty-eight participants were randomized to three different sequences, testing three hand-rub gel formulations: isopropanol-based (Hopigel®); ethanol-based (World Health Organization (WHO) gel formulation); and ethanol-based containing superfatting agents (Saniswiss Sanitizer Hands H1). Participants tested each of the formulations over a series of three five-day interventions, followed by a nine-day washout period. At the end of each intervention, skin condition was assessed and feedback was collected. Findings: Whereas no statistically significant difference was observed regarding tolerability between the three ABHR gel formulations tested, there were differences in acceptability. Participants preferred the smell of the H1 and WHO gel formulations (P = 0.003 and P = 0.040, respectively); H1 had a better texture than the WHO gel formulation (P < 0.001); and H1 was considered more pleasant overall than Hopigel (P = 0.037). Overall preference varied, but H1 was rated the favourite most often among participants, and the least favourite least often. Conclusion: A high variability was observed in the participants' reactions to the different formulations tested. These results highlight the importance of giving healthcare workers a choice between different high-quality hand rubs to ensure maximum acceptability.
العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/35124144; https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:162613Test; unige:162613
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7دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Keiko Iwai, Emi Ushigome, Kazufumi Okada, Isao Yokota, Saori Majima, Naoko Nakanishi, Yoshitaka Hashimoto, Hiroshi Okada, Takafumi Senmaru, Masahide Hamaguchi, Mai Asano, Masahiro Yamazaki, Michiaki Fukui
المصدر: Journal of Clinical Medicine; Volume 11; Issue 3; Pages: 650
مصطلحات موضوعية: home blood pressure, randomized crossover trial, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, aerobic exercise
الوصف: Hypertension usually coexists with diabetes mellitus and significantly increases the risk of macrovascular complications. Blood pressure measured at home, especially nocturnal blood pressure, is particularly important because it is more strongly associated with target organ damage than clinical blood pressure measurements. Regular moderate aerobic exercise has been shown to have anti-hypertensive effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on home blood pressure in patients with diabetes. This randomized crossover trial was based on outpatient treatment at a university hospital. In this randomized crossover trial, 124 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to two groups over 56 days: an exercise preceding group (exercise intervention for 28 days and then no exercise intervention for the following 28 days) and an exercise lagging group (no exercise intervention for 28 days and then exercise intervention for the following 28 days). The associations between the nocturnal blood pressure and exercise intervention were assessed accordingly. A decrease in blood pressure was observed in the morning and evening, at 2 a.m. and 3 a.m. after exercise intervention; however, there was no significant difference between groups. Moderate exercise was not effective in lowering nocturnal blood pressure in this study.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
العلاقة: Endocrinology & Metabolism; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11030650Test
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8دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Furuhashi K, Fujisawa T, Hashimoto D, Kamiya Y, Yasui H, Karayama M, Suzuki Y, Hozumi H, Enomoto N, Nakamura Y, Inui N, Suda T
المصدر: Journal of Asthma and Allergy, Vol Volume 12, Pp 253-261 (2019)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Fluticasone furoate/vilanterol, Budesonide/formoterol, Stable asthma, Randomized crossover trial, Inhalation adherence barriers, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
الوصف: Kazuki Furuhashi,1,2 Tomoyuki Fujisawa,1 Dai Hashimoto,3 Yousuke Kamiya,1 Hideki Yasui,1 Masato Karayama,1 Yuzo Suzuki,1 Hironao Hozumi,1 Noriyuki Enomoto,1 Yutaro Nakamura,1 Naoki Inui,1,4 Takafumi Suda1 1Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan; 2Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan; 3Department of Respiratory Medicine, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; 4Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, JapanCorrespondence: Kazuki FuruhashiSecond Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Hamamatsu 431-3192, JapanTel +81 53 435 2870Fax +81 53 435 2096Email k.furu@hama-med.ac.jpIntroduction: Fluticasone furoate (FF)/vilanterol (VI) dry powder inhaler (DPI) is the only once-daily maintenance inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/long-acting β2 adrenergic agonist (LABA) combination for asthma. We aimed to compare the clinical effects of once-daily FF/VI and twice-daily budesonide (BUD)/formoterol (FM) DPI in patients with controlled stable asthma.Methods: We performed a randomized crossover trial in which stable asthmatic patients controlled on ICS/LABA received 8 weeks of FF/VI (100/25 μg 1 puff once-daily) or BUD/FM (160/4.5 μg 2 puffs twice-daily) DPI treatment. After a 4–8-week washout period, patients received another crossover treatment for 8 weeks. We assessed pulmonary function, the 5-item version asthma control questionnaire (ACQ5), the asthma control test (ACT), and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) at baseline and after 8 weeks of treatment (week 8). As the primary outcome was change in force expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) between baseline and week 8, we evaluated the incidence of asthma exacerbation and adherence barrier questionnaire (Ask-12) at week 8.Results: Twenty-three patients were initially enrolled in this study; however, one patient had to be excluded. The FF/VI DPI treatment group showed a similar magnitude of change in FEV1 between baseline and week 8 as the BUD/FM DPI treatment group. In addition, there were no significant differences in pulmonary function tests, ACQ5 scores, ACT scores, and FeNO between baseline and week 8 in both groups. Although the incidence of exacerbation did not differ between groups, the Ask-12 score in the FF/VI DPI group was significantly lower than that in the BUD/FM DPI group.Conclusions: The present study indicates that once-daily FF/VI DPI is not inferior to twice-daily BUD/FM DPI in clinical effect and more likely to improve inconvenience and forgetfulness in inhalation adherence barriers for stable asthma control therapy. Once-daily FF/VI DPI may be an effective alternative for asthma maintenance treatment.Keywords: fluticasone furoate/vilanterol, budesonide/formoterol, stable asthma, randomized crossover trial, inhalation adherence barriers
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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9دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Wei Lin Chang, Azrina Azlan, Sabariah Md Noor, Irmi Zarina Ismail, Su Peng Loh
المصدر: Nutrients; Volume 13; Issue 10; Pages: 3524
مصطلحات موضوعية: dietary fish, yellowstripe scad, salmon, omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, lipid profile, inflammatory markers, randomized crossover trial
جغرافية الموضوع: agris
الوصف: Yellowstripe scad (YSS) have comparable eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (EPA+DHA) content to salmon. We aimed to compare the effects of YSS and salmon on lipid profile and inflammatory markers. A randomized crossover trial with two diet periods was conducted among healthy overweight (with BMI 23.0–27.4 kg/m2) Malaysian adults aged 21–55 years. Steamed whole YSS fish (≈385 g whole fish/day) or salmon fillets (≈246 g fillet/day) were given for eight weeks (3 days per week), retaining approximately 1000 mg EPA+DHA per day. Diets were switched after an 8-week washout period. Fasting blood samples were collected before and after each diet period. A total of 49 subjects participated in the intervention (35% male and 65% female; mean age 29 (7) years). YSS did not induce any significant changes in outcome measures. However, the consumption of salmon as compared with YSS was associated with reduction in triglycerides (between-group difference: −0.09 mmol/1, p = 0.01), VLDL-cholesterol (between-group difference: −0.04 mmol/1, p = 0.01), atherogenic index of plasma (between-group difference: −0.05 mmol/1, p = 0.006), and IL-6 (between-group difference: −0.01 pg/mL, p = 0.03). Despite their comparable EPA+DHA content, short-term consumption of salmon but not YSS induced significant changes in lipid profile and inflammatory markers. Larger clinical trials are needed to confirm the findings.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
العلاقة: Lipids; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13103524Test
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10دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: McPhee, Megan E., Graven-Nielsen, Thomas
المصدر: McPhee , M E & Graven-Nielsen , T 2021 , ' Medial Prefrontal High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation to Improve Pain Modulation in Chronic Low Back Pain : A Pilot Randomized Double-blinded Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial ' , Journal of Pain , vol. 22 , no. 8 , pp. 952-967 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2021.02.012Test
مصطلحات موضوعية: conditioned pain modulation, Low back pain, medial prefrontal cortex, noninvasive brain stimulation, randomized crossover trial
الوصف: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is highly disabling, but often without identifiable source. Focus has been on impaired anti-nociceptive mechanisms contributing to pain maintenance, though methods of targeting this impairment remain limited. This randomised-controlled cross-over pilot trial used active versus sham medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) for 3-consecutive days to improve descending pain inhibitory function. Twelve CLBP patients were included with an average visual analogue scale (VAS) pain intensity of 3.0 ± 1.5 and pain duration of 5.3 ± 2.6 years. Pressure pain thresholds (PPTs), conditioned pain modulation (CPM), and temporal summation of pain (TSP) assessed by cuff algometry, as well as pain symptomatology (intensity, unpleasantness, quality, disability) and related psychological features (pain catastrophizing, anxiety, affect), were assessed on Day1 before 3 consecutive days of HD-tDCS sessions (each 20 minutes), at 24-hours (Day 4) and 2-weeks (Day 21) following final HD-tDCS. Blinding was successful. No significant differences in psychophysical (PPT, CPM, TSP), symptomatology or psychological outcomes were observed between active and sham HD-tDCS on Day4 and Day21. CPM-effects at Day 1 negatively correlated with change in CPM-effect at Day4 following active HD-tDCS (P = .002). Lack of efficacy was attributed to several factors, not least that patients did not display impaired CPM at baseline. Trial registration: : ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03864822). Perspective: Medial prefrontal HD-tDCS did not alter pain, psychological nor psychophysical outcomes, though correlational analysis suggested response may depend on baseline pain inhibitory efficacy, with best potential effects in patients with severe impairments in descending pain inhibitory mechanisms. Future work should focus on appropriate patient selection and optimising stimulation targeting.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2021.02.012Test
https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/9aeba94a-b7df-4dd2-be92-299e233f8efcTest
https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/462378164/JPAIN_D_20_00473_R1.pdfTest
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85104075789&partnerID=8YFLogxKTest
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