المؤلفون: Yue Meng, Xiaoyu Sui, Xu Pan, Ying Yang, Huimin Sui, Tao Xu, Honglian Zhang, Tingting Liu, Jicheng Liu, Pengling Ge

المصدر: Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, Vol 99, Iss , Pp 106588- (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Deep eutectic solvents, Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Chlorogenic acid, Ultrasonic wave-enhanced, Macroporous adsorption resin, Chemistry, QD1-999, Acoustics. Sound, QC221-246

الوصف: This study established an integrated process for the extraction and enrichment of chlorogenic acid (CGA) from Eucommia ulmoides leaves in a deep eutectic solvent system via ultrasonic wave-enhanced adsorption and desorption practices utilizing macroporous resins. Although deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have the advantages of chemical stability, good dissolving capacity, and nonvolatilization, routine solvent recovery operations are not suitable for subsequent separation in this solvent system. Based on the above characteristics, this study integrated the extraction and enrichment processes, in which DESs extracts directly loaded onto the macroporous adsorption resin, avoiding the loss of target components in solvent recovery and redissolution processes. The screening results of solvents and resin types further showed that choline chloride-malic acid (1:1) was the optimal DES, and the NKA-II resin had high adsorption and elution performance for CGA. The viscosities of the DESs were much higher than those of water and conventional organic solvents; thus, the mass transfer resistance was large, which could also affect the adsorption behaviour of the macroporous resin. The thermal and mechanical effects of ultrasound could effectively enhance the efficiency of the mass transfer, adsorption, and desorption in the DES systems. When compared to no sonication treatment, the CGA adsorption at various ultrasonic powers (120–600 W) was examined. At optimal ethanol concentration (60%), the effect of the ultrasonic treatment on the recovery of the DESs (water eluting process) and the desorption capability of CGA were confirmed. The use of three volumes of water elution could recover the DESs without loss of CGA. The adsorption process significantly differed depending on the ultrasonic settings, and the absorption balance time and experimental adsorption capacity at equilibrium were enhanced. Additionally, the adsorption procedure of the NKA-II macroporous resin for CGA under ultrasonic treatment could be clarified by the pseudo second order kinetic equation and the Freundlich isotherm model. Thermodynamic and dynamic parameters indicated that physical adsorption was the main process of the entire procedure, and it was a spontaneous, exothermic, and entropy-reducing physical adsorption process. This study potentially indicates that the use of ultrasonication, as a high-efficiency, environmentally friendly method, can enhance the features of the macroporous resin to better purify target chemicals from a DES extract.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417723003000Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1350-4177Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/5d06118d09074e428c42baebca2e4333Test

المؤلفون: Yue Meng, Xiaoyu Sui, Xu Pan, Xinyi Zhang, Huimin Sui, Tao Xu, Honglian Zhang, Tingting Liu, Jicheng Liu, Pengling Ge

المصدر: Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, Vol 98, Iss , Pp 106522- (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Sonocrystallisation, Astragalus membranaceus var. Mongholicus roots, High-density natural deep eutectic solvents, Polysaccharides, Selective separation, Preprocessing optimization, Chemistry, QD1-999, Acoustics. Sound, QC221-246

الوصف: The water extraction and ethanol precipitation method is an extraction method based on the solubility characteristics of polysaccharides that offers wide applicability in the extraction and separation of plant polysaccharides. However, this method leads to large amounts of proteins, nucleic acids, pigments, and other impurities in the polysaccharides products, which makes downstream purification complicated and time-consuming. In this study, a green, high-density natural deep eutectic solvents was used for the high-purity extraction and separation of polysaccharides from Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch) Bge. var. Mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao roots under ultrasound-assisted conditions. In this study, 16 different natural deep eutectic solvents were designed to screen the best solvent for extracting Astragalus polysaccharides (APSs). Based on the yield and recovery of APSs, a natural deep eutectic solvents composed of choline chloride and oxalic acid with a molar ratio of 1:2 was selected. The related factors affecting polysaccharides extraction and solvent precipitation were investigated. To improve the operating methodology, single-factor trials, a Plackett-Burman design, and a Box-Behnken design were used. The optimal extraction process conditions were obtained as follows: water content of 55%, liquid–solid ratio of 24 mL/g, ultrasonic irradiation time of 54 min, ultrasonic irradiation temperature of 50 °C, ultrasonic irradiation power of 480 W, ethanol precipitation time of 24 h, and ethanol concentration of 75%. Under optimal extraction conditions, the recovery of APSs was 61.4 ± 0.6 mg/g. Considering the special matrix characteristics of A. membranaceus var. Mongholicus roots, physical-technology-based ultrasonic waves promote penetration, and the mass transfer function also solves the bottleneck of high-viscosity deep eutectic solvents in the extraction stage. In comparison with the conventional method, the proposed method based on deep eutectic solvents isolation can significantly increase APSs recovery, which is beneficial to simplifying the process of polysaccharides purification by using solvent properties to separate extracts and reduce impurities in APSs.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417723002341Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1350-4177Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/fef5d3a1f0074a56bd6c618ef10e30c0Test

المؤلفون: Yuchi Zhang, Dongwei Han, Xiaoyan Yu, Xinyu Shao, Chuju Zong, Manyu Zhang, Junzhi Wang, Jingwen Liang, Pengling Ge

المصدر: Frontiers in Genetics, Vol 13 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: premature ovarian failure (POF), 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD), miRNA-190a-5p, PHLPP1, AKT, LHR, Genetics, QH426-470

الوصف: We previously screened 6 differentially expressed miRNAs in ovarian tissues of 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD)-treated premature ovarian failure (POF) model in SD rats, including miRNA-190a-5p, miRNA-98-5p, miRNA-29a-3p, miRNA-144-5p, miRNA-27b-3p, miRNA-151-5p. In this study, to investigate the mechanisms causing the onset of POF, we first identified miRNAs with earlier differential expression at consecutive time points in the VCD-treated rat POF model and explored the mechanisms by which the target miRNAs promote POF. The SD rats were injected with VCD for 15 days to induce POF. Additionally, we collected rat blood and ovaries at the same time every day for 15 consecutive days, and luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), and estradiol (E2) serum levels were detected by ELISA. Six miRNAs expression were measured in rat ovaries by qRT-PCR. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assays were employed to predict and verify the target gene (PHLPP1) of target miRNAs (miRNA-190a-5p). Western blot was examined to detect the expression levels of PHLPP1, AKT, p-AKT, FOXO3a, p-FOXO3a, and LHR proteins on the target gene PHLPP1 and its participation in the primordial follicular hyperactivation-related pathways (AKT-FOXO3a and AKT-LH/LHR). During the VCD modeling POF rat ovaries, miRNA-190a-5p was the first to show significant differential expression, i.e., 6th of VCD treating, and PHLPP1 was verified to be a direct downstream target of it. Starting from the 6th of VCD treatment, the more significant the up-regulation trend of miRNA-190a-5p expression, the more obvious the down-regulation trend of PHLPP1 and LHR mRNA and protein expression, accompanied by the more severe phosphorylation of AKT and FOXO3a proteins, thus continuously over-activating the rat primordial follicle to promote the development of POF. In conclusion, miRNA-190a-5p may become a potential biomarker for early screening of POF, and it can continuously activate primordial follicles in rats by targeting the expression of PHLPP1 and key proteins in the AKT-FOXO3a and AKT-LH/LHR pathways.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2022.1034832/fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1664-8021Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/6272bcc9c2d243efa2daa87eeb35951cTest

العنوان البديل: 十枣汤急性毒性及抗肿瘤疗效评价. (Chinese)

المؤلفون: Liwei Ma, Zhe Chen, Guoshan Shi, Yujing Wang, Song Chen, Shiyu Ni, Jing Li, Pengling Ge, Jicheng Liu

المصدر: Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences; Apr2024, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p329-338, 10p

مصطلحات موضوعية: ORAL drug administration, LACTATE dehydrogenase, CANCER cell proliferation, TOXICITY testing, HEMATOXYLIN & eosin staining

الملخص (بالإنجليزية): This study aimed to assess the acute toxicity of Shizao decoction (SZD) in KM mice and its antitumor activity, offering insights into drug safety and antitumor efficacy. In experiments, specific pathogen-free (SPF) KM mice were administered either saline (as a blank control) or SZD, and the half-lethal dose (LD50) was determined. Additionally, SPF-grade SD rats were treated with SZD to produce SZD-medicated serum (SZD-MS). Assays, including the MTT method, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release, colony formation, and flow cytometry, were utilized to measure the inhibitory effects on cancer cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis. The toxicity tests revealed that none of the mice died after oral administration of SZD, rendering it impossible to establish an LD50 value. Notably, serum biochemistry results significantly diverged from those of the blank control group (P < 0.05). Histopathology, using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, unveiled that SZD exerted detectable damage on the liver and kidneys of the mice. In terms of antitumor activity, SZD-MS demonstrated a significant inhibition of proliferation in five tumor cell lines when compared to the vehicle control (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). This finding was further supported by the increased LDH release from H22 cells (P < 0.05), a reduction in colony formation (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and an elevated apoptosis rate (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the study revealed that the maximum oral dosage of SZD, set at 0.8 mL/d for each mouse (roughly 120 times the standard adult daily dose), presented minimal toxicity. Moreover, it possessed promising anti-ascite tumor activity, suggesting its safety and therapeutic potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract (Chinese): 本研究旨在评价十枣汤(SZD)对KM小鼠的急性毒性及抗肿瘤活性, 为安全用药提供参考, 并对抗肿瘤效应进行 初步评价。试验中, SPF级KM小鼠分别ig给予一定量的生理盐水(空白对照)和SZD, 测定其半数致死量(LD50), 评价其对 小鼠的毒性。另选取SPF级SD大鼠, ig给予SZD, 制备SZD含药学清(MS); MTT法、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力检测, 甲基纤维 素克隆形成实验, 流式细胞术等检测SZD-MS对肿瘤细胞增殖抑制及诱导凋亡情况。毒性测试结果显示, 小鼠无死亡, 无法得出SZD的LD50。与空白对照组比较, 血液的生化学指标显示, 差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05, P < 0.01); H&E检测结果 显示, SZD对小鼠的肝、肾功能有一定的损伤。抗肿瘤作用结果显示: 与溶剂对照组比较, SZD-MS对5种肿瘤细胞的增殖 均有一定的抑制作用(P < 0.05, P < 0.01); SZD-MS对H22细胞LDH释放增加(P < 0.05); 细胞克隆的形成力度下降(P < 0.05, P < 0.01); 细胞的凋亡率增加(P < 0.01)。研究表明, SZD经口最大给药量为每只小鼠0.8 mL/d, 约相当于成人日剂量的 120倍, 毒性较小, 安全性良好; 且有较好的抗腹水瘤活性. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences is the property of Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Jiaxin Li, Xiaonan Liu, Dongwei Han, Yu Li, Pengling Ge

المصدر: Technology and Health Care. :1-21

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biomaterials, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Health Informatics, Bioengineering, Information Systems

الوصف: BACKGROUND: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely recognized and accepted worldwide to provide favorable therapeutic effects for cancer patients. As Andrographis paniculata has an anti-tumor effect, it might inhibit lung cancer. OBJECTIVE: The drug targets and related pathways involved in the action of Andrographis paniculata against lung cancer were predicted using network pharmacology, and its mechanism was further explored at the molecular level. METHODS: This work selected the effective components and targets of Andrographis paniculata against the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology (TCMSP) database. Targets related to lung cancer were searched for in the GEO database (accession number GSE136043). The volcanic and thermal maps of differential expression genes were produced using the software R. Then, the target genes were analyzed by GO and KEGG analysis using the software R. This also utilized the AutoDock tool to study the molecular docking of the active component structures downloaded from the PubChem database and the key target structures downloaded from the PDB database, and the docking results were visualized using the software PyMol. RESULTS: The results of molecular docking show that wogonin, Mono-O-methylwightin, Deoxycamptothecine, andrographidine F_qt, Quercetin tetramethyl (3’,4’,5,7) ether, 14-deoxyandrographolide, andrographolide-19-β-D-glucoside_qt and 14-deoxy-11-oxo-andrographolide were potential active components, while AKT1, MAPK14, RELA and NCOA1 were key targets. CONCLUSION: This study showed the main candidate components, targets, and pathways involved in the action of Andrographis paniculata against lung cancer.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::dfa1c9e3337751cf2cf35c8e864831c2Test
https://doi.org/10.3233/thc-220698Test

المؤلفون: Pengling Ge, Junzhi Wang, Jiaxin Li, Siqi Chen, Bo Wang, Jiaming Xie, Xinyu Wu, Xinying Hu, Jing Liu, Yi Zhang

المصدر: Letters in Drug Design & Discovery. 20

مصطلحات موضوعية: Drug Discovery, Pharmaceutical Science, Molecular Medicine

الوصف: Background: Ginseng is one of the top-selling natural products worldwide and has been shown to have significant effects. Nonetheless, there is limited research on American ginseng when compared to Asian ginseng. A small number of studies have demonstrated the therapeutic benefits of American ginseng, which include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-stimulating activities. Objective: The objective of our research is to predict the molecular mechanism by which American ginseng combats Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking techniques. By doing so, we aim to reveal one of the comprehensive mechanisms through which American ginseng exerts its therapeutic effects. Methods: We conducted a search for related compounds in American ginseng using the TCMSP database, which we then utilized to classify potential targets for the major ingredients. We obtained targets associated with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from various databases, including PharmGKB, OMIM, TTD, GeneCards, and DrugBank. Using STRING and Cytoscape software, we constructed PPI networks. We subsequently performed GO and KEGG analysis on the targets using the R programming language. Ligand and target structures were acquired from PubChem and PDB databases, respectively. Chem3D and AutoDock software was used to process the structures, while PyMoL was employed for molecular docking analysis. Results: Several investigations have indicated that PTGS2, NFKBIA, PRKCA, IL1B, NCOA2, and LPL targets are significantly associated with American ginseng's effectiveness in treating T2DM. Molecular docking analysis further validated these findings. We discovered three active components with high-affinity, namely papaverine, ginsenoside-rh2, and beta-sitosterol. Conclusion: The outcomes of our predictions could contribute to the development of American ginseng or its active constituents as an alternative therapy for T2DM.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::b322f373c1e6e205c6886fd863c06551Test
https://doi.org/10.2174/1570180820666230518095837Test

المؤلفون: Cong Zhao, Jing Zhao, Pengling Ge, Yi Zheng, Kai Li, Xinyu Wu, Yuchi Zhang

المصدر: Medicinal Chemistry. 16:635-642

مصطلحات موضوعية: Candidate gene, Gene regulatory network, Computational biology, Biology, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Insulin resistance, Drug Discovery, medicine, Animals, Gene Regulatory Networks, Gene, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Leptin receptor, Gene Expression Profiling, medicine.disease, Fold change, Gene expression profiling, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Receptors, Leptin, Insulin Resistance, DNA microarray, Biomarkers

الوصف: Background: Molecular characterization of insulin resistance, a growing health issue worldwide, will help to develop novel strategies and accurate biomarkers for disease diagnosis and treatment. Objective: Integrative analysis of gene expression profiling and gene regulatory network was exploited to identify potential biomarkers early in the development of insulin resistance. Methods: RNA was isolated from livers of animals at three weeks of age, and whole-genome expression profiling was performed and analyzed with Agilent mouse 4×44K microarrays. Differentially expressed genes were subsequently validated by qRT-PCR. Functional characterizations of genes and their interactions were performed by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and gene regulatory network (GRN) analysis. Results: A total of 197 genes were found to be differentially expressed by fold change ≥2 and P < 0.05 in BKS-db +/+ mice relative to sex and age-matched controls. Functional analysis suggested that these differentially expressed genes were enriched in the regulation of phosphorylation and generation of precursor metabolites which are closely associated with insulin resistance. Then a gene regulatory network associated with insulin resistance (IRGRN) was constructed by integration of these differentially expressed genes and known human protein-protein interaction network. The principal component analysis demonstrated that 67 genes in IRGRN could clearly distinguish insulin resistance from the non-disease state. Some of these candidate genes were further experimentally validated by qRT-PCR, highlighting the predictive role as biomarkers in insulin resistance. Conclusions: Our study provides new insight into the pathogenesis and treatment of insulin resistance and also reveals potential novel molecular targets and diagnostic biomarkers for insulin resistance.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::46be9d898dcf7047607629d7ee077852Test
https://doi.org/10.2174/1573406415666191004135450Test

المؤلفون: Lei Zhu, Ji Li, Nannan Xing, Dongwei Han, Haixue Kuang, Pengling Ge

المصدر: BioMed Research International, Vol 2015 (2015)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine

الوصف: Premature ovarian failure (POF) is defined as lost ovarian functions before the age of 40. Three possible molecular markers (PLA2G4A, miR-29a, and miR-144) have been identified in our previous study by integrated analysis of mRNA and miRNA expression profiles. The present study aimed to evaluate American ginseng root’s protective potential against POF by studying transcriptional and protein variations between American ginseng treatments and controls in rats. 4-Vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) was administered to rats for 14 days to induce POF. Additionally, American ginseng was administered to POF rats for one month, and PLA2G4A, miR-29a, and miR-144 expressions were measured in rat ovaries by qRT-PCR. PLA2G4A protein expression was examined by Western Blot, and PGE2, LH, FSH, and E2 serum levels were detected by ELISA. PLA2G4A mRNA and protein were downregulated in American ginseng-treated rats, miR-29a and miR-144 levels increased, and PGE2 serum levels decreased, while LH, FSH, and E2 increased compared to POF induction alone. Analysis of transcriptional and protein variations suggested that American ginseng protects the ovary against POF by regulating prostaglandin biosynthesis, ovulation, and preventing ovarian aging. High hormone levels (PGE2, FSH, and LH) were reduced, and E2 secretion approached normal levels, leading to improved POF symptoms and abnormal ovulation.

العلاقة: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/767124Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2314-6133Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2314-6141Test; https://doaj.org/article/3dfc86e99fd443f8b1173b06b264df4aTest

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/767124Test
https://doaj.org/article/3dfc86e99fd443f8b1173b06b264df4aTest

المؤلفون: Haixue Kuang, Ji Li, Nannan Xing, Pengling Ge, Dongwei Han, Lei Zhu

المصدر: BioMed Research International, Vol 2015 (2015)
BioMed Research International

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Vinyl Compounds, Article Subject, endocrine system diseases, media_common.quotation_subject, Panax, lcsh:Medicine, Ovary, 12E7 Antigen, Primary Ovarian Insufficiency, Dinoprostone, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Follicle-stimulating hormone, Western blot, Antigens, CD, Internal medicine, Cyclohexenes, medicine, Animals, Humans, Ovulation, American ginseng, media_common, General Immunology and Microbiology, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, Plant Extracts, lcsh:R, General Medicine, Luteinizing Hormone, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, Rats, Premature ovarian failure, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Gene Expression Regulation, Female, Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Human, Luteinizing hormone, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Research Article, Hormone

الوصف: Premature ovarian failure (POF) is defined as lost ovarian functions before the age of 40. Three possible molecular markers (PLA2G4A,miR-29a, andmiR-144) have been identified in our previous study by integrated analysis of mRNA and miRNA expression profiles. The present study aimed to evaluate American ginseng root’s protective potential against POF by studying transcriptional and protein variations between American ginseng treatments and controls in rats. 4-Vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) was administered to rats for 14 days to induce POF. Additionally, American ginseng was administered to POF rats for one month, andPLA2G4A,miR-29a, andmiR-144expressions were measured in rat ovaries by qRT-PCR. PLA2G4A protein expression was examined by Western Blot, and PGE2, LH, FSH, and E2 serum levels were detected by ELISA.PLA2G4AmRNA and protein were downregulated in American ginseng-treated rats,miR-29aandmiR-144levels increased, and PGE2serum levels decreased, while LH, FSH, and E2 increased compared to POF induction alone. Analysis of transcriptional and protein variations suggested that American ginseng protects the ovary against POF by regulating prostaglandin biosynthesis, ovulation, and preventing ovarian aging. High hormone levels (PGE2, FSH, and LH) were reduced, and E2 secretion approached normal levels, leading to improved POF symptoms and abnormal ovulation.

وصف الملف: text/xhtml

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::aff4adfb6eb81bd8a4f9655655b0d263Test
https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/767124Test

المؤلفون: Pengling Ge, Nannan Xing, Ji Li, Yanhai Ren, Dongwei Han, Haixue Kuang, Lei Zhu

المصدر: Drug Development Research. 75:521-528

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, biology, business.industry, H&E stain, CCL2, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Endometrium, PLA2G4A, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, Premature ovarian failure, Ginseng, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Internal medicine, Drug Discovery, medicine, biology.protein, business, American ginseng, Hormone

الوصف: Preclinical Research Premature ovarian failure (POF) is defined by the WHO as the loss of physiological ovarian function before the age of 40. The effect of American ginseng and its underlying mechanisms in preventing and treating premature ovarian failure (POF) was studied in female Sprague-Dawley rats where POF was induced by ip administration of 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD). Rat behavior, serum hormone levels, ovarian and uterine size, pathological features, and ovarian tissue expression of genes associated with POF were assessed in controls, untreated POF model rats, and POF model rats treated with low- (1.125 g/kg), medium- (2.25 g/kg), and high-dose (4.5 g/kg) American ginseng. Compared with untreated POF model rats, those treated with medium- and high-dose American ginseng had more stable behavior and better coat appearance as well as serum hormone levels closer to those in control rats. Moreover, treatment with medium- or high-dose American ginseng increased ovarian and uterine size. Hematoxylin and eosin-staining revealed mature follicles and endometrium with an alternating concave/convex surface structure with visible capillaries and glands in ginseng- treated POF rats. PLA2G4A expression was positively correlated with POF, while the expression levels of PAPPA, STC2, CCL2, and NELL1 were negatively correlated with POF. Our study showed that American ginseng may effectively prevent POF and alleviate POF symptoms by regulating serum hormone levels and altering the expression levels of genes related to POF in ovarian tissue.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::35f278b3c5ee5c347710bbbc28f3db3bTest
https://doi.org/10.1002/ddr.21234Test