المؤلفون: Igartua, Mónica Aguilar, Almenares, Florina, Redondo, Rebeca P. Díaz, Martín, Manuela I., Forné, Jordi, Campo, Celeste, Fernández, Ana, de la Cruz, Luis J., García-Rubio, Carlos, Marínn, Andrés, Mezher, Ahmad Mohamad, Díaz, Daniel, Cerezo, Héctor, Rebollo-Monedero, David, Arias, Patricia, Rico, Francisco

المصدر: EEE Access, vol. 8, 2020

مصطلحات موضوعية: Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture

الوصف: Major advances in information and communication technologies (ICTs) make citizens to be considered as sensors in motion. Carrying their mobile devices, moving in their connected vehicles or actively participating in social networks, citizens provide a wealth of information that, after properly processing, can support numerous applications for the benefit of the community. In the context of smart communities, the INRISCO proposal intends for (i) the early detection of abnormal situations in cities (i.e., incidents), (ii) the analysis of whether, according to their impact, those incidents are really adverse for the community; and (iii) the automatic actuation by dissemination of appropriate information to citizens and authorities. Thus, INRISCO will identify and report on incidents in traffic (jam, accident) or public infrastructure (e.g., works, street cut), the occurrence of specific events that affect other citizens life (e.g., demonstrations, concerts), or environmental problems (e.g., pollution, bad weather). It is of particular interest to this proposal the identification of incidents with a social and economic impact, which affects the quality of life of citizens.

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/2312.07787Test

المؤلفون: João Vasco Santos, Alicia Padron-Monedero, Boris Bikbov, Diana Alecsandra Grad, Dietrich Plass, Enkeleint A. Mechili, Federica Gazzelloni, Florian Fischer, Gerhard Sulo, Che Henry Ngwa, Isabel Noguer-Zambrano, José L. Peñalvo, Juanita A. Haagsma, Katarzyna Kissimova-Skarbek, Lorenzo Monasta, Nermin Ghith, Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suarez, Rok Hrzic, Romana Haneef, Rónán O’Caoimh, Sarah Cuschieri, Stefania Mondello, Zubair Kabir, GBD 2019 EU State of Health Collaborators, Alberto Freitas, Brecht Devleesschauwer

المصدر: BMC Public Health, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 1-19 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: European Union, Health status, Population health, Global Burden of Diseases, European Burden of Disease Network, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270

الوصف: Abstract Background The European Union (EU) faces many health-related challenges. Burden of diseases information and the resulting trends over time are essential for health planning. This paper reports estimates of disease burden in the EU and individual 27 EU countries in 2019, and compares them with those in 2010. Methods We used the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study estimates and 95% uncertainty intervals for the whole EU and each country to evaluate age-standardised death, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates for Level 2 causes, as well as life expectancy and healthy life expectancy (HALE). Results In 2019, the age-standardised death and DALY rates in the EU were 465.8 deaths and 20,251.0 DALYs per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively. Between 2010 and 2019, there were significant decreases in age-standardised death and YLL rates across EU countries. However, YLD rates remained mainly unchanged. The largest decreases in age-standardised DALY rates were observed for “HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases” and “transport injuries” (each -19%). “Diabetes and kidney diseases” showed a significant increase for age-standardised DALY rates across the EU (3.5%). In addition, “mental disorders” showed an increasing age-standardised YLL rate (14.5%). Conclusions There was a clear trend towards improvement in the overall health status of the EU but with differences between countries. EU health policymakers need to address the burden of diseases, paying specific attention to causes such as mental disorders. There are many opportunities for mutual learning among otherwise similar countries with different patterns of disease.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2458Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/21847b7667674558ad74f26ef540fc34Test

المؤلفون: Fabio Varón-Vega, Adriana Rincón, Luis F. Giraldo-Cadavid, Eduardo Tuta-Quintero, Jonathan Palacios, Stephanie Crevoisier, Diana C. Duarte, Marcela Poveda, Laura Cucunubo, Pablo Monedero

المصدر: BMC Pulmonary Medicine, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Airway extubation, Cough, Mechanical ventilation, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779

الوصف: Abstract Background Utilizing clinical tests, such as objective cough measurement, can assist in predicting the success of the weaning process in critically ill patients. Methods A multicenter observational analytical study was conducted within a prospective cohort of patients recruited to participate in COBRE-US. We assessed the capability of objective cough measurement to predict the success of the spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) and extubation. Intra- and inter-observer reproducibility of the cough test and was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cohen’s weighted kappa. We used receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC-curve) to evaluate the predictive ability of objective cough measurement. Results We recruited 367 subjects who were receiving invasive mechanical ventilation. A total of 451 objective cough measurements and 456 SBTs were conducted. A significant association was found between objective cough measurement and successful SBT (OR: 1.68; 95% CI 1.48–1.90; p = 0.001). The predictive capability of the objective cough test for SBT success had a ROC-curve of 0.58 (95% CI: 0.56–0.61). Objective cough measurement to predict successful extubation had a ROC-curve of 0.61 (95% CI: 0.56–0.66). The intraobserver reproducibility exhibited an ICC of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.89–0.96; p

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2466Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/b0afb7dcb4324471993d5fe33f6245e0Test

المؤلفون: Monedero Recuero, Ignacio

المساهمون: University/Department: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Pediatria, d'Obstetrícia i Ginecologia i de Medicina Preventiva

مرشدي الرسالة: Caylà i Buqueras, Joan A., Vidal i Pla, Rafael

المصدر: TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa)

مصطلحات موضوعية: TB, TB-MDR, Paises en desarrollo, Ciències de la Salut

الوصف: Introducción La tuberculosis multidrogorresistente (TB-MDR) está incrementando su prevalencia a escala mundial principalmente como consecuencia del mal manejo de los casos sensibles y transmisión primaria. La mayoría de pacientes proceden de países en desarrollo con sistemas de salud insuficientes para el manejo de a sus enfermos. Objetivos El objetivo general de esta tesis doctoral es profundizar en el tema de la TB-MDR en países en desarrollo y aportar nuevos conocimientos que colaboren en la prevención de resistencias medicamentosas y a tratar con mejores resultados a aquellos pacientes que ya tienen enfermedad con resistencias. Hipótesis El uso más eficiente de los actuales conocimientos y herramientas podría contribuir a la creación de estrategias de mayor impacto. Se identifican 3 hipótesis: • Hipótesis 1. Los medicamentos combinados en dosis fijas (MCFs) pueden tener similar eficacia que los medicamentos sueltos a un menor coste y con potenciales ventajas operativas y en prevención de resistencias. • Hipótesis 2. Los tratamientos estandarizados para TB-MDR pueden aportar similares resultados que los individualizados también con ventajas operativas y menor coste. • Hipótesis 3. Es posible crear herramientas y documentos de calidad técnica para acelerar la formación de clínicos en el manejo de TB-MDR. Métodos: Se ha trabajado en 3 líneas de investigación principales: 1. Revisión sistemática de la eficacia de los MCFs respecto a medicamentos sueltos. 2. Estudio de cohortes de pacientes en tratamiento para TB-MDR. Evaluación de eficacia, efectividad, recaídas y efectos adversos respecto al uso de regímenes estandarizados e individualizados. 3. Creación de documentos sencillos de alta calidad técnica para aumentar el acceso al conocimiento del manejo de la TB con resistencias orientado a los clínicos de países en desarrollo. Resultados: Estudio 1: Revisión sistemática de eficacia de los MCFs. El 100% de los estudios encontrados en que se comparan MCFs y medicación separada, los resultados en eficacia de conversión de cultivo y curación son similares. Las recaídas parecen ser similares. Adherencia, aceptación y capacidad para reducir resistencias están a favor de los MCFs. Otras ventajas operativas y precio también favorecen el uso de MCFs. Estudio 2: Estudio de cohortes y evaluación de todos los pacientes con TB-MDR tratados en República Dominicana entre agosto 2006 y junio 2010. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre regimenes estandarizados e individualizados en cuanto a conversión de cultivo o éxito terapéutico en los pacientes con tratamientos terminados (74% vs. 66%, p>0,05). Cada enfermo presentó una mediana de 5 efectos adversos. Cavitación en radiografía de tórax y no negativizar el cultivo antes del segundo mes fueron encontrados factores de riesgo para resultado desfavorable. La tasa de recaídas fue aproximadamente de un 1% tras un año de seguimiento. Estudio 3: Se llevo a cabo una revisión crítica acerca del manejo de pacientes con TB resistente. Listado y presentación de las bases bacteriológicas del tratamiento y mínimos conocimientos para un correcto manejo de casos. Estudio 4: Elaboración de un artículo científico abordando de forma simplificada el correcto manejo de pacientes con coinfección TB-MDR y VIH en contextos africanos de escasos recursos. Estudio 5: Se analizaron las diferencias en presentación y manejo de pacientes con TB-MDR procedentes de países ricos y pobres. Las soluciones de países ricos probablemente no sean extrapolables a países pobres. Conclusión: Los artículos científicos incluidos suponen un respaldo científico fundamental para las políticas sanitarias de uso masivo de MCFs en el tratamiento para la TB sensible y tratamientos estandarizados para TB-MDR. También se han creado artículos que facilitan el acceso a formación de clínicos en países en vías de desarrollo. Esta tesis doctoral aporta información científica relevante para un mejor control de la tuberculosis multidrogoresistente en países en desarrollo.

الوصف (مترجم): Introduction The prevalence of Multidrug resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is globally increasing. Transmission of resistant strains into the community is jeopardizing global TB control. The vast majority of cases are from developing countries where health systems are insufficient to diagnose, treat and support the patients. Object The main objective of this doctoral thesis is to analyze in deep the MDR-TB problem in developing countries and provide new knowledge in resistance prevention and better MDR-TB treatment results. Hypothesis The more efficient use of current knowledge and tools may contribute to the creation of health policies with impact on resistance prevention and better cure rates. Three different hypotheses were identified: • Hypothesis 1.The anti-TB fixed dose combinations (FDCs) may obtain similar efficacy than single drugs with operative advantages, reduced cost and reducing the resistance acquisition. • Hypothesis 2. Standardized MDR-TB treatments may obtain similar results than individualized also with operative advantages and less cost. • Hypothesis 3. It is possible to create scientific and quality documents for quick self-training and up date of clinicians in the management of MDR-TB. Methods According to the objective and hypothesis formulated, this thesis had worked in three research lines: 1. Systematic review on the FDCs efficacy for the TB treatment respect to single drugs 2. Cohort study and evaluation in terms of efficacy, effectiveness side effects and relapses of MDR-TB patients under standardized and individualized regimens 3. Creation of simple but high quality documents to increase the access of developing countries clinicians to most relevant knowledge regarding MDR-TB to avoid therapeutic errors and resistance amplification. Results Study 1: Systematic review on FDCs efficacy. The 100% of the studies found revealed equal efficacy in terms of culture convertion and cure. Relapses appear to be similar. Adherence acceptance and capacity to reduce resistance acquisition go in favour of FDCs. Other operative and logistic advantages and cost favour FDCs as well. Study 2: Cohort study and evaluation of all MDR-TB patients treated in Dominican Republic between august 2006 and June 2010. There were not found significative statistically differences in culture conversion regarding standardized or individualized treatments. Concerning patients with ended treatments, standardized obtained a treatment success rate of 74% whereas 66% was obtained for individualized. Each patient presented a median of 5 side effects. Cavitation on the chest x ray and more than 2 months for culture conversion were found as risk factor for unfavourable result. Relapse rate was close to 1%. Study 3: Creation of a review article on the subject of drug resistant TB management. List and presentation of the bacteriological bases for TB treatment and minimum requirements and knowledge to take into account to achieve high cure rates. Study 4: Scientific article addressing the simplification of the most correct and updated management of co-infected patients with MDR-TB and HIV in African scarce therapeutic and diagnose resource contexts. Study 5: Perspective article showing the differences on the presentation and management of MDR-TB patients coming from rich and poor countries. Solutions from rich countries, usually the only ones available on the literature or the gold standard are probably not the best solutions or can not be extrapolated to poor countries. Conclusion The articles included represent a scientific back up for anti-TB FDCs massive introduction and the use of standardized regimens for MDR-TB. Simple and quality articles have been created to increase access to MDR-TB management knowledge oriented to clinicians in developing countries. This doctoral thesis provides relevant scientific information towards a better control of MDR-TB in developing countries.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/401285Test

المؤلفون: Rosario Ballesteros, Sofía González-Correa, Esperanza Monedero, Rocio Collado, Magin Lapuerta

المصدر: Chemical Engineering Transactions, Vol 109 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Chemical engineering, TP155-156, Computer engineering. Computer hardware, TK7885-7895

الوصف: Particulate aerosols derived from combustion processes are a major contributor to climate change, but quantifying this effect is difficult because the optical and radiative properties of these aerosol depend on their composition, size, and structure. In the case of biomass boiler exhaust, five types of particles can be found in the chimney: soot agglomerates, organic films, organic particles with impregnated fibrous structures, condensed tars and condensed organic particles. All attention has so far been focused on the morphological and nanostructure characterization of soot agglomerates in internal combustion engines and in pre-mixed or diffusive flames. Similar works in boilers are scarce. In this work, the morphology and nanostructure of these agglomerates sampled in a domestic boiler using pine pellets is analysed. The relationship between the fractal dimension, the number of primary particles forming the agglomerate, the interlaminar distance and the degree of graphitization of these agglomerates versus diameter of gyration or electrical mobility diameter are presented.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.cetjournal.it/index.php/cet/article/view/14535Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2283-9216Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/29d4d717cf5f4535aa4c3139adf8a062Test

المؤلفون: Alicia Padrón‐Monedero

المصدر: Aging Medicine, Vol 6, Iss 4, Pp 328-337 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: age‐related diseases, aging, inflammation, non‐communicable diseases, radical oxidative species, Geriatrics, RC952-954.6

الوصف: Abstract The current paradigm considers the study of non‐communicable diseases (NCDs), which are the main causes of mortality, as individual disorders. Nevertheless, this conception is being solidly challenged by numerous remarkable studies. The clear fact that the mortality, by virtually all NCDs, tends to cluster at old ages (with the exception of congenital malformations and certain types of cancer, among a few others); makes us intuitive to assume that the common convergence mechanism that exponentially increases mortality by almost all NCDs in older ages is cell aging. Moreover, when we study NCDs, we are not analyzing which disorders cause the mortality of the populations, rather that which disorders kill us before others do, because the aging of the individuals causes inevitably their death by one cause or another. This is not a defeatist perspective, but a challenging and efficient one. These intuitive assumptions have been supported by studies from the pathophysiologic, epidemiologic, and genetic fields, leading to the affirmation that, as NCDs share genetic and pathophysiological mechanisms (derived from mostly the same risk factors), they should no longer be considered independently. Those studies should make us reconsider our current conceptions of studying NCDs as individual disorders, and to hypothesize about a paradigm that would consider most NCDs (cancer, neurological pathologies, cardiovascular diseases, type II diabetes mellitus, chronic respiratory diseases, osteoarthritis, and osteoporosis, among others) different manifestations of the same process: the cell aging.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2475-0360Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/dc95e0bf11af47088c7e18ba5e96e939Test

المؤلفون: Coro-Montanet, Gleyvis (ORCID 0000-0002-0009-1710), Sánchez-Ituarte, Julia (ORCID 0000-0002-3932-9183), de la Hoz-Calvo, Ana (ORCID 0000-0003-4163-714X), Pardo-Monedero, María Jesús (ORCID 0000-0001-6884-2309)

المصدر: Higher Learning Research Communications. 2021 11(1):1-13.

تمت مراجعته من قبل الزملاء: Y

Page Count: 13

الواصفات: Simulation, Skill Development, Undergraduate Students, Dentistry, Medical Education, Perceptual Motor Learning, Training Methods

مستخلص: Task trainer simulators are often used in medical programs for bachelor's degree students when teaching procedural skills. They provide the opportunity to practice dangerous maneuvers that students are not ready to perform on real patients yet. The rise of technology has vastly expanded the availability of these devices for use in teaching. To develop a protocol that would account for the complexities of psychomotor learning, based on student progress, and improve training quality, we designed a protocol for the bachelor's degree program in dentistry. We justify the key elements of the proposal and explain the full working protocol.

Abstractor: As Provided

المؤلفون: Luis Navarro-Ardoy (ORCID 0000-0003-4444-5629), Antonio Castro-Higueras (ORCID 0000-0001-7406-5550), Carmen Del Rocío Monedero-Morales (ORCID 0000-0002-3222-029X)

المصدر: Tuning Journal for Higher Education. 2023 11(1):103-124.

تمت مراجعته من قبل الزملاء: Y

Page Count: 22

الواصفات: Teaching Methods, Video Technology, Teaching Guides, Social Sciences, Foreign Countries, Audiovisual Communications, College Students

مصطلحات جغرافية: Spain (Andalusia)

مستخلص: This article presents a pilot experiment on subjects from three Social Sciences degrees at two public Andalusian universities. The aim is to analyze the teaching guides and their presentation to students as a means of communicating with them, primarily through the video format instead of the conventional written format. To this end, attractive, clear and relatable video teaching guides have been developed to present to students, aware of the success of short videos dominating digital social networks, especially among younger age groups. A knowledge test was given to 99 students on the subject contents, as well as a satisfaction test; the following information was processed through the SPSS program. The main conclusion is that students have a high degree of satisfaction and a better knowledge of the new video guide format than the conventional written model.

Abstractor: As Provided

المؤلفون: Francisco Javier Gorjón Gómez, Rosaura Rojas Monedero, Jéssica Marisol Vera Carrera, Lucía Verenice Todd Lozano

المصدر: Pensamiento Jurídico, Iss 58 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: violencia, conflicto, educación para la paz, mediación, adolescentes, Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence, K1-7720

الوصف: En este artículo, se reflexiona sobre la importancia de la educación para la paz a través del programa “Fortaleciendo la paz en los barrios” en Monterrey, el cual se enfoca en enseñar habilidades de mediación a adolescentes. Un estudio cuasiexperimental, respaldado por IBM SPSS, revela un impacto positivo en la muestra después de participar en actividades de construcción de paz.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/peju/article/view/112772Test; https://doaj.org/toc/0122-1108Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2357-6170Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/083b31265708492c80506eb20d80111bTest

المؤلفون: Monedero Ramos, Jesús

المصدر: Ababol. Revista del Instituto Cultural y de Estudios del Rincón de Ademuz; Núm. 19 (79) (2017); 26-30
Ababol. Revista del Instituto Cultural y de Estudios del Rincón de Ademuz; No 19 (79) (2017); 26-30

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: http://www.raco.cat/index.php/Ababol/article/view/400556/494062Test

الوصول الحر: http://www.raco.cat/index.php/Ababol/article/view/400556Test