المؤلفون: Donato, Lorenzo De, Flammini, Francesco, Senior Lecturer, 1978, Marrone, Stefano, Mazzariello, Claudio, Nardone, Roberto, Sansone, Carlo, Vittorini, Valeria

المصدر: IEEE Access. 10:65376-65400

مصطلحات موضوعية: CNN, Computer vision, fault detection, Focusing, inspection, machine learning, Maintenance engineering, Rail transportation, Rails, Sensors, smart railways, Task analysis, Computer Science, Datavetenskap

الوصف: Within Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning (DL) represents a paradigm that has been showing unprecedented performance in image and audio processing by supporting or even replacing humans in defect and anomaly detection. The railway sector is expected to benefit from DL applications, especially in predictive maintenance applications, where smart audio and video sensors can be leveraged yet kept distinct from safety-critical functions. Such separation is crucial, as it allows for improving system dependability with no impact on its safety certification. This is further supported by the development of DL in other transportation domains, such as automotive and avionics, opening for knowledge transfer opportunities and highlighting the potential of such a paradigm in railways. In order to summarize the recent state-of-the-art while inquiring about future opportunities, this paper reviews DL approaches for the analysis of data generated by acoustic and visual sensors in railway maintenance applications that have been published until August 31st, 2021. In this paper, the current state of the research is investigated and evaluated using a structured and systematic method, in order to highlight promising approaches and successful applications, as well as to identify available datasets, current limitations, open issues, challenges, and recommendations about future research directions.

وصف الملف: electronic

الوصول الحر: https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-120898Test
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3183102Test
https://lnu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1759093/FULLTEXT01.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Canonico, R., Flammini, Francesco, Senior Lecturer, 1978, Marrone, S., Nardone, R., Vittorini, V.

المصدر: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 13704 Lecture Notes in Computer Science. :308-320

مصطلحات موضوعية: Control plane, DSTM, ERTMS/ETCS, Formal methods, FRMCS, MDE, NG2R, QoS, Railways, SDN, 5G mobile communication systems, Benchmarking, Computer circuits, Network architecture, Quality control, Railroads, Automatic Generation, Control planes, Railway, Railway communications, Software-defined networkings, Quality of service

الوصف: The emergence of 5G technologies opens up new opportunities for railway communications. One of the foundational aspects of 5G architecture is its control-plane programmability, which can be achieved through Software Defined Networking (SDN). In railway scenarios, this can be used to dynamically reconfigure the network for a more effective and efficient management of communication flows produced by moving trains. The paper presents a framework for integrating modelling and analysis tools into a programmable control plane specifically tailored to railway communications. We introduce the concept of domain-awareness in the network control plane as an SDN-enabled feature that allows achieving application-specific advantages besides those purely expressed in terms of key performance indicators such as the quality of service. We propose a reference architecture in which domain-awareness in the control plane is obtained by considering information gathered by network devices and ad-hoc communication gateways that are able to detect relevant signalling events. In the architecture, the actual behaviour of the SDN controller is governed by applications that are able to react to specific triggers and re-configure network devices accordingly. We also provide a methodological framework based on model-driven engineering and formal methods, including dynamic state machines, for the automatic generation of SDN control plane logic.

وصف الملف: print

الوصول الحر: https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-61160Test
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19762-8_23Test

المؤلفون: Matheus Neves Castanheira, Giovanni Salvatore Nardone, Rafael de Paiva Luciano, Márcio Squassoni Leite

المصدر: Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia, Vol 58, Iss 3, Pp 397-403 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: adolescent, scoliosis, elective surgical procedures, unified health system, Medicine, Orthopedic surgery, RD701-811

الوصف: Abstract Objectives This study evaluated the radiographic progressions of scoliotic curves higher than 40° in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). These subjects waited for the surgical procedure while elective surgeries were on hold during the COVID-19 pandemic. Inadditiontoradiographicprogressions, this studydescribed the quality of life of these patients. Methods This study is a retrospective cohort assessing 29 AIS patients with surgical indications registered in the Brazilian public healthcare service. We compared the scoliotic radiographic measurements in two moments: at the beginning of the interruption of elective surgeries due to the COVID-19 pandemic and when these procedures resumed. Results When comparing the radiographic measurements before and after the suspension of assessments for elective surgeries, we observed a significant increase in main curve angles ( p < 0.001), with variations ranging from 0 to 68° and a median valueof10°.Insecondary curves, weobserved anincreaseinangles fromthe proximal thoracic ( p < 0.001) and lumbar ( p = 0.001) regions. However, the increase in the main thoracic region was not significant ( p = 0.317). Conclusion The suspension of elective surgeries for AIS resulted in a significant increase in the radiographic values of patients' spine deformities. This increase harmed the quality of life of these subjects and their families.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-36162023000300397&lng=en&tlng=enTest; http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbort/v58n3/1982-4378-rbort-58-03-0397.pdfTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1982-4378Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/d57f62ca8c5b4d13941dea5698355490Test

المؤلفون: Ezzati, M, Bentham, J, Di Cesare, M, Bilano, V, Bixby, H, Zhou, B, Stevens, GA, Riley, LM, Taddei, C, Hajifathalian, K, Lu, Y, Savin, S, Cowan, MJ, Paciore, CJ, Chirita-Emandi, A, Hayes, AJ, Katz, J, Kelishadi, R, Kengne, AP, Khang, YH, Laxmaiah, A, Li, YP, Ma, J, Miranda, JJ, Mostafa, A, Neovius, M, Padez, C, Rampal, L, Zhu, A, Bennet, JE, Danaei, G, Bhutta, ZA, Abarca-Gomez, L, Abdeen, ZA, Hamid, ZA, Abu-Rmeileh, NM, Acosta-Cazares, B, Acuin, C, Adams, RJ, Aekplakorn, W, Afsana, K, Aguilar-Salinas, CA, Agyemng, C, Ahmadvand, A, Ahrens, W, Ajlouni, K, Akhtaeva, N, Al-Hazzaa, HM, Al-Othman, AR, Al-Raddadi, R, AlBuhairan, F, AlDhukai, S, Ali, MM, Ali, O, Alkerwi, A, Alvarez-Pedrerol, M, Aly, E, Amarapurkar, DN, Amouyel, P, Amuzu, A, Andersen, LB, Anderssen, SA, Andrade, DS, Angquist, LH, Anjana, RM, Aounallah-Skhiri, H, Araujo, J, Arianse, I, Aris, T, Arlappa, N, Arveiler, D, Aryal, KK, Aspelund, T, Assah, FK, Assuncao, MCF, Aung, MS, Avdicova, M, Azevedo, A, Azizi, F, Babu, BV, Bahijri, S, Baker, JL, Balakrishna, N, Bamoshmoosh, M, Banach, M, Bandosz, P, Banegas, JR, Barbagallo, CM, Barcelo, A, Barkat, A, Barros, AJD, Barros, MVG, Bata, I, Batieha, AM, Batista, RL, Batyrbek, A, Baur, LA, Beaglehole, R, Ben Romdhane, H, Benedics, J, Benet, M, Bernabe, A, Bernotiene, G, Bettiol, H, Bhagyalaxmi, A, Bharadwaj, S, Bhargava, SK, Bhatti, Z, Bi, HS, Bi, YF, Biehl, A, Bikbov, M, Bista, B, Bjelica, DJ, Bjerregaard, P, Bjertnes, E, Bjness, MB, Bjorkelund, C, Blokstra, A, Bo, S, Bobak, M, Boddy, LM, Boehm, BO, Boeing, H, Boggia, JG, Boissonnet, CP, Bonaccio, M, Bongard, V, Bovet, P, Braeckevelt, L, Braeckman, L, Bragt, MCE, Brajkovich, I, Branca, F, Breckenkamp, J, Breda, J, Brenner, H, Brewster, LM, Brian, GR, Brinduse, L, Bruno, G, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Bugge, A, Buoncristiano, M, Burazeri, G, Burns, C, de Leon, AC, Cacciottolo, J, Cai, H, Cama, T, Cameron, C, Camola, J, Can, G, Candido, APCC, Capanzana, M, Capuano, V, Cardoso, VC, Carlsson, AC, Carvalho, MJ, Casanueva, FF, Casas, JP, Caserta, CA, Chamukuttan, S, Chan, AW, Chan, Q, Chaturvedi, HK, Chaturvedi, N, Chen, CJ, Chen, FF, Chen, HS, Chen, SH, Chen, ZM, Cheng, CY, Chetrit, A, Chikova-Iscener, E, Chiolero, A, Chiou, ST, Chirlaque, MD, Cho, B, Cho, Y, Christensen, K, Christofaro, DG, Chudek, J, Cifkova, R, Cinteza, E, Claessens, F, Clays, E, Concin, H, Confortin, SC, Cooper, C, Cooper, R, Coppinger, TC, Costanzo, S, Cottel, D, Cowell, C, Craig, CL, Crujeiras, AB, Cucu, A, D'Arrigo, G, d'Orsi, E, Dallongeville, J, Damasceno, A, Damsgaard, CT, Danae, G, Dankner, R, Dantoft, TM, Dastgiri, S, Dauchet, L, Davletov, K, De Backer, G, De Bacquer, D, De Curtis, A, de Gaetano, G, De Henauw, S, de Oliveira, PD, De Ridder, K, De Smedt, D, Deepa, M, Deev, AD, Dehghan, A, Delisle, H, Delpeuch, F, Deschamps, V, Dhana, K, Di Castelnuovo, AF, Dias-da-Costa, JS, Diaz, A, Dika, Z, Djalalinia, S, Do, HTP, Dobson, AJ, Donati, MB, Donfrancesco, C, Donoso, SP, Doring, A, Dorobantu, M, Dorosty, AR, Doua, K, 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المصدر: Lancet (London, England). 390(10113):2627-2642

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicin och hälsovetenskap

الوصول الحر: http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:137278985Test

المؤلفون: Sonnino, Giorgio, Peeters, Philippe, Nardone, Pasquale

مصطلحات موضوعية: Physics - Medical Physics, Physics - Biological Physics

الوصف: We propose a realistic model for the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic subject to the lockdown and quarantine measures, which takes into account the time-delay for recovery or death processes. The dynamic equations for the entire process are derived by adopting a kinetic-type reaction approach. More specifically, the lockdown and the quarantine measures are modelled by some kind of inhibitor reactions where susceptible and infected individuals can be trapped into inactive states. The dynamics for the recovered people is obtained by accounting people who are only traced back to hospitalised infected people. To get the evolution equation we take inspiration from the Michaelis- Menten enzyme-substrate reaction model (the so-called MM reaction) where the enzyme is associated to the available hospital beds, the substrate to the infected people, and the product to the recovered people, respectively. In other words, everything happens as if the hospitals beds act as a catalyser in the hospital recovery process. Of course, in our case the reverse MM reactions has no sense in our case and, consequently, the kinetic constant is equal to zero. Finally, the O.D.E.s for people tested positive to COVID-19 is simply modelled by the following kinetic scheme S+I=>2I with I=>R or I=>D, with S, I, R, and D denoting the compartments Susceptible, Infected, Recovered, and Deceased people, respectively. The resulting kinetic-type equation} provide the O.D.E.s, for elementary reaction steps, describing the number of the infected people, the total number of the recovered people previously hospitalised, subject to the lockdown and the quarantine measure, and the total number of deaths. The model foresees also the second wave of Infection by Coronavirus. The tests carried out on real data for Belgium, France and Germany confirmed the correctness of our model.
Comment: 16 pages, 10 Figures

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/2101.05596Test

المؤلفون: Bernstein, Jeffrey D, Ball, Laurel L, Nardone, Zachary B, Watson, Deborah

المصدر: Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology. 6(5)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Dental/Oral and Craniofacial Disease, Clinical Research, away rotation, education, ENT, learning, medical school, OHNS, otolaryngology, residency, sub-I, subinternship, sub-internship, surgery, teaching, virtual sub-internship, VSI, sub‐I, sub‐internship, virtual sub‐internship

الوصف: ObjectiveDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, away rotations were suspended for safety purposes. This led to the development of online interactive learning modules for students, now known as virtual sub-internships (VSIs). To date, VSIs within otolaryngology-head and neck surgery (OHNS) have been limited in their description and design.Study designCross-sectional survey.SettingACGME-accredited OHNS residency program.MethodsOur curriculum for an OHNS VSI is presented. Based on the model used by our OHNS residency program, the VSI consisted of a 2-week block of activities and interactive small-group discussions. A post-VSI feedback survey was distributed to participants; results are reported.ResultsSix 2-week VSI sessions were administered. Twenty-one individuals participated from all US regions, median 4 individuals per session. Fifteen participants (71.4%) completed the feedback survey. Of survey respondents, 20% lacked a home OHNS residency program, and no respondents' home-programs featured a VSI. All respondents were satisfied with the schedule and organization of the VSI, and 73.3% (11 of 15) felt it was of appropriate duration. All respondents reported a high degree of familiarity with the program, with a greater (86.7%) or equal (13.3%) level of interest in applying to the residency program as a result of participating in the VSI.ConclusionThis VSI curriculum offers a well-received virtual learning experience for medical students applying to OHNS residency. It provides an opportunity for programs to expand their appeal to potential applicants who may otherwise be restricted in their ability to travel.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1bh4j97kTest

المؤلفون: De Angelis, Carmine, Fu, Xiaoyong, Cataldo, Maria Letizia, Nardone, Agostina, Pereira, Resel, Veeraraghavan, Jamunarani, Nanda, Sarmistha, Qin, Lanfang, Sethunath, Vidyalakshmi, Wang, Tao, Hilsenbeck, Susan G, Benelli, Matteo, Migliaccio, Ilenia, Guarducci, Cristina, Malorni, Luca, Litchfield, Lacey M, Liu, Jiangang, Donaldson, Joshua, Selenica, Pier, Brown, David N, Weigelt, Britta, Reis-Filho, Jorge S, Park, Ben H, Hurvitz, Sara A, Slamon, Dennis J, Rimawi, Mothaffar F, Jansen, Valerie M, Jeselsohn, Rinath, Osborne, C Kent, Schiff, Rachel

المصدر: Clinical Cancer Research. 27(17)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer, Genetics, Breast Cancer, 5.1 Pharmaceuticals, Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions, Good Health and Well Being, Antineoplastic Agents, Breast Neoplasms, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6, Female, Humans, Piperazines, Pyridines, Receptors, Estrogen, Signal Transduction, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Clinical sciences, Oncology and carcinogenesis

الوصف: PurposeCyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and CDK6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) are highly effective against estrogen receptor-positive (ER+)/HER2- breast cancer; however, intrinsic and acquired resistance is common. Elucidating the molecular features of sensitivity and resistance to CDK4/6i may lead to identification of predictive biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets, paving the way toward improving patient outcomes.Experimental designParental breast cancer cells and their endocrine-resistant derivatives (EndoR) were used. Derivatives with acquired resistance to palbociclib (PalboR) were generated from parental and estrogen deprivation-resistant MCF7 and T47D cells. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were performed in palbociclib-sensitive and PalboR lines. Gene expression data from CDK4/6i neoadjuvant trials and publicly available datasets were interrogated for correlations of gene signatures and patient outcomes.ResultsParental and EndoR breast cancer lines showed varying degrees of sensitivity to palbociclib. Transcriptomic analysis of these cell lines identified an association between high IFN signaling and reduced CDK4/6i sensitivity; thus an "IFN-related palbociclib-resistance Signature" (IRPS) was derived. In two neoadjuvant trials of CDK4/6i plus endocrine therapy, IRPS and other IFN-related signatures were highly enriched in patients with tumors exhibiting intrinsic resistance to CDK4/6i. PalboR derivatives displayed dramatic activation of IFN/STAT1 signaling compared with their short-term treated or untreated counterparts. In primary ER+/HER2- tumors, the IRPS score was significantly higher in lumB than lumA subtype and correlated with increased gene expression of immune checkpoints, endocrine resistance, and poor prognosis.ConclusionsAberrant IFN signaling is associated with intrinsic resistance to CDK4/6i. Experimentally, acquired resistance to palbociclib is associated with activation of the IFN pathway, warranting additional studies to clarify its involvement in resistance to CDK4/6i.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/87g7q5d4Test

المؤلفون: Sonnino, Giorgio, Mora, Fernando, Nardone, Pasquale

مصطلحات موضوعية: Physics - Medical Physics, Physics - Biological Physics

الوصف: We propose two stochastic models for the Coronavirus pandemic. The statistical properties of the models, in particular the correlation functions and the probability density function, have duly been computed. Our models, which generalises a model previously proposed and published in a specialised journal, take into account the adoption of the lockdown measures as well as the crucial role of the hospitals and Health Care Institutes. To accomplish this work we have analysed two scenarios: the SIS-model (Susceptible => Infectious => Susceptible) in presence of the lockdown measures and the SIS-model integrated with the action of the hospitals (always in presence of the lockdown measures). We show that in the case of the pure SIS-model, once the lockdown measures are removed, the Coronavirus will start growing again. However, in the second scenario, beyond a certain threshold of the hospital capacities, the Coronavirus is not only kept under control, but its capacity to spread tends to diminish in time. Therefore, the combined effect of the lockdown measures with the action of the hospitals and health Institutes is able to contain and dampen the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic. This result can be used during a period of time when the massive distribution of delivery of a limited number of vaccines in a given population is not yet feasible. By way of example, we analysed the data for USA and France where the intensities of the noise have been estimated by Statistical Mechanics. In particular, for USA we have analysed two possible hypotheses: USA is still subject to the first wave of infection by and USA is in the second (or third) wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection.The agreement between theoretical predictions and real data confirms the validity of our approach.
Comment: 37 pages, 29 Figures, and 6 Tables

الوصول الحر: http://arxiv.org/abs/2012.01869Test

المؤلفون: Marta Mirando, Rachele Penati, Marco Godi, Marica Giardini, Antonio Nardone

المصدر: Brain Sciences, Vol 14, Iss 4, p 305 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: posture, balance, dual task, serial subtraction, Parkinson’s disease, rehabilitation, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571

الوصف: Standing compared to sitting enhances cognitive performance in healthy subjects. The effect of stance on cognitive performance has been addressed here in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PwPD). We hypothesized that a simple cognitive task would be less enhanced in PwPD by standing with respect to sitting, because of a larger cognitive effort for maintenance of standing posture than in healthy subjects. We recruited 40 subjects (20 PwPD and 20 age-matched healthy subjects, HE). Each participant performed an arithmetic task (backward counting aloud by 7) in two postural states, sitting and standing, with eyes open (EO) and with eyes closed (EC). All trials lasted 60 s and were randomized across subjects and conditions. The number of correct subtractions per trial was an index of counting efficiency and the ratio of correct subtractions to total subtractions was an index of accuracy. All conditions collapsed, the efficiency of the cognitive task was significantly lower in PwPD than HE, whilst accuracy was affected to a lower extent. Efficiency significantly improved from sitting to standing in HE under both visual conditions whilst only with EO in PwPD. Accuracy was not affected by posture or vision in either group. We suggest that standing, compared to sitting, increases arousal, thus improving the cognitive performance in HE. Conversely, in PwPD this improvement was present only with vision, possibly due to their greater balance impairment with EC consuming an excess of attentional resources. These findings have implications for balance control and the risk of falling in PwPD in the absence of visual cues.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/14/4/305Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3425Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/57ef9efda3314dd884ae32b8b9459310Test

المؤلفون: Vito Longo, Annamaria Catino, Michele Montrone, Elisabetta Sara Montagna, Francesco Pesola, Ilaria Marech, Pamela Pizzutilo, Annalisa Nardone, Antonella Perrone, Monica Gesualdo, Domenico Galetta

المصدر: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 25, Iss 6, p 3237 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: SMARCA4-UT, immunotherapy, clinicopathological features, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Chemistry, QD1-999

الوصف: Recently, the fifth edition of the WHO classification recognized the thoracic SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumor (SMARCA4-UT) as a separate entity from conventional non-small cell lung cancer with SMARCA4 deficiency because of the different clinicopathological characteristics of these two diseases. SMARCA4-UT mainly occurs in young to middle-aged adults and involves a large mass compressing the tissues surrounding the mediastinum and lung parenchyma. Unfortunately, SMARCA4-UT shows a high probability of recurrence after upfront surgery as well as radiotherapy resistance; moreover, chemotherapy has low efficacy. Moreover, given the recent classification of SMARCA4-UT, no data concerning specific clinical trials are currently available. However, several case reports show immunotherapy efficacy in patients with this disease not only in a metastatic setting but also in a neoadjuvant manner, supporting the development of clinical trials. In addition, preclinical data and initial clinical experiences suggest that inhibiting pathways such as CDK4/6, AURKA, ATR, and EZH2 may be a promising therapeutic approach to SMARCA4-UT.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/6/3237Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/826b6d04c666411580c46e69bd24d79dTest