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1دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Anttila, T. (Tuomas), Herajärvi, J. (Johanna), Laaksonen, H. (Henna), Mustonen, C. (Caius), Honkanen, H.-P. (Hannu-Pekka), Dimova, E. Y. (Elitsa Y.), Piuhola, J. (Jarkko), Koivunen, P. (Peppi), Juvonen, T. (Tatu), Anttila, V. (Vesa)
مصطلحات موضوعية: acute myocardial infarction, cardiac protection, hypoxia-inducible factor, mRNA, planimetry, remote ischemic preconditioning
الوصف: Objectives: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) mitigates acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We hypothesized that RIPC reduces the size and severity of AMI and explored molecular mechanisms behind this phenomenon. Design: In two series of experiments, piglets underwent 60 min of the circumflex coronary artery occlusion, resulting in AMI. Piglets were randomly assigned into the RIPC groups (n = 7 + 7) and the control groups (n = 7 + 7). The RIPC groups underwent four 5-min hind limb ischemia-reperfusion cycles before AMI. In series I, the protective efficacy of RIPC was investigated by using biomarkers and echocardiography with a follow-up of 24 h. In series II, the heart of each piglet was harvested for TTC-staining to measure infarct size. Muscle biopsies were collected from the hind limb to explore molecular mechanisms of RIPC using qPCR and Western blot analysis. Results: The levels of CK-MBm (p = 0.032) and TnI (p = 0.007) were lower in the RIPC group. Left ventricular ejection fraction in the RIPC group was greater at the end of the follow-up. The myocardial infarct size in the RIPC group was smaller (p = 0.033). Western blot indicated HIF1α stabilization in the skeletal muscle of the RIPC group. PCR analyses showed upregulation of the HIF target mRNAs for glucose transporter (GLUT1), glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK1), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), enolase 1 (ENO1), lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA) and endothelial nitric oxidate synthase (eNOS). Conclusions. Biochemical, physiologic, and histologic evidence confirms that RIPC decreases the size of AMI. The HIF pathway is likely involved in the mechanism of the RIPC.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
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2دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Herajärvi, J. (Johanna), Mustonen, C. (Caius), Kesävuori, R. (Risto), Raivio, P. (Peter), Biancari, F. (Fausto), Jormalainen, M. (Mikko), Juvonen, T. (Tatu)
مصطلحات موضوعية: endovascular, high-risk features, type B aortic dissection
الوصف: Background: Acute type B aortic dissection (TBAD) is a severe condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The optimal classification and treatment strategy of TBAD remain controversial and inconsistent. Methods: This analysis includes patients treated for acute TBAD at the Helsinki University Hospital, Finland between 2007 and 2019. The endpoints were early and late mortality, intervention of the aorta, and a composite of death and aortic intervention in uncomplicated patients and high-risk patients. Results: This study included 162 consecutive TBAD patients (27.8% females), 114 in the high-risk group and 48 in the uncomplicated group, with a mean age of 67.6 ± 13.9 years. Intramural hematoma was reported in 63 cases (38.9%). The mean follow-up was 5.1 ± 3.9 years. In-hospital/30-day mortality (n = 4; 3.5%) occurred solely in the high-risk group (P = 0.32). Additionally, TBAD-related adverse events (n = 23; 20.2%) were observed only in the high-risk group (P < 0.001). The cumulative incidences of the composite TBAD outcome with non–TBAD-related death as a competing risk were 6.6% (95% CI, 1.7%–16.5%) in the uncomplicated group and 29.5% (95% CI, 21.1%–38.3%) in the high-risk group at 5 years and 6.6% (95% CI, 1.7%–16.5%) and 33.0% (95% CI, 23.7%–42.6%) at 10 years (P = 0.001, Gray test). Extracardiac arteriopathy (subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR], 2.61; 95% CI, 1.08–6.27) and coronary artery disease (SHR, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.07–4.71) were risk factors for adverse aortic-related events in univariable competing-risk regression analysis. Conclusions: Recognition of risk factors underlying adverse events related to TBAD is essential because the disease progression impacts both early and late outcomes. Early aortic repair in high-risk TBAD may reduce long-term morbidity and mortality.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
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3دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Honkanen, H.-P. (Hannu-Pekka), Mustonen, C. (Caius), Tuominen, H. (Hannu), Kiviluoma, K. (Kai), Anttila, V. (Vesa), Juvonen, T. (Tatu)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Aortic dissection, Frozen elephant trunk, Selective cerebral perfusion, Spinal cord injury
الوصف: Objectives: Since selective cerebral perfusion (SCP) has been used in aortic arch surgical procedures, the core temperature during lower body circulatory arrest (LBCA) has been steadily rising. Simultaneously, the use of a frozen elephant trunk (FET) graft has been increasing. The safe period of LBCA in relation to spinal cord ischaemic tolerance in combination with segmental artery occlusion by the FET procedure has not been defined. Methods: Sixteen pigs were assigned to undergo 65 (n = 10) or 90 min (n = 6) of SCP at 28°C with LBCA in combination with occlusion of the 8 uppermost segmental arteries in the thoracic (Th) aorta (15–20 cm FET, Th8-level). The follow-up period consisted of a 6-h intensive period and a 5-day observation period. Near-infrared spectroscopy of the collateral network was used to determine spinal cord oxygenation. The neurological status of the patients was evaluated daily, and the brain and the spinal cord were harvested for a histopathological analysis. Results: Five out of 6 pigs after 90 min and 1 out of 10 pigs after 65 min of LBCA died within 48 h of multiorgan failure. Of the survivors in the 65-min group, 6 out of 9 had paraparesis/paraplegia; the remaining 3 reached normal function. The lone survivor after 90 min of LBCA was paraplegic. Nadir near-infrared spectroscopy of the collateral network values at Th8 and Th10 were 34 (±5) and 39 (±4), and they were reached within 35 min of SCP in both groups. Conclusions: An extended FET graft with LBCA and SCP durations >65 min at 28°C results in a poor outcome.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
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4دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Herajärvi, J. (Johanna), Jormalainen, M. (Mikko), Mustonen, C. (Caius), Kesävuori, R. (Risto), Raivio, P. (Peter), Biancari, F. (Fausto), Juvonen, T. (Tatu)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Type B aortic dissection, complicated, endovascular
الوصف: Background: Acute type B aortic dissection (TBAD) is catastrophic event associated with significant mortality and lifelong morbidity. The optimal treatment strategy of TBAD is still controversial. Methods: This analysis includes patients treated for TBAD at the Helsinki University Hospital, Finland in 2007–2019. The endpoints were early and late mortality, and intervention of the aorta. Results: There were 205 consecutive TBAD patients, 59 complicated and 146 uncomplicated patients (mean age of 66 ± 14, females 27.8%). In-hospital and 30-day mortality rates were higher in complicated patients compared with uncomplicated patients with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.035 and p = 0.015, respectively). After a mean follow-up of 4.9 ± 3.8 years, 36 (25.0%) and 22 (37.9%) TBAD -related adverse events occurred in the uncomplicated and complicated groups, respectively (p = 0.066). Freedom from composite outcome was 83 ± 3% and 69 ± 6% at 1 year, 75 ± 4% and 63 ± 7% at 5 years, 70 ± 5% and 59 ± 7% at 10 years in the uncomplicated group and in the complicated group, respectively (p = 0.052). There were 25 (39.1%) TBAD-related deaths in the overall series and prior aortic aneurysm was the only risk factor for adverse aortic-related events in multivariate analysis (HR 3.46, 95% CI 1.72–6.96, p < 0.001). Conclusion: TBAD is associated with a significant risk of early and late adverse events. Such a risk tends to be lower among patients with uncomplicated dissection, still one fourth of them experience TBAD-related event. Recognition of risk factors in the uncomplicated group who may benefit from early aortic repair would be beneficial.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://doi.org/10.1080/14017431.2022.2127873Test
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5دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Jormalainen, M. (Mikko), Kesävuori, R. (Risto), Raivio, P. (Peter), Vento, A. (Antti), Mustonen, C. (Caius), Honkanen, H.-P. (Hannu-Pekka), Rosato, S. (Stefano), Simpanen, J. (Jarmo), Teittinen, K. (Kari), Biancari, F. (Fausto), Juvonen, T. (Tatu)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Aortic dissection, Aortic root replacement, Ascending aortic replacement, Bentall procedure, Supracoronary, Type A aortic dissection
الوصف: Objectives: We investigated whether the selective use of supracoronary ascending aorta replacement achieves late outcomes comparable to those of aortic root replacement for acute Stanford type A aortic dissection (TAAD). Methods: Patients who underwent surgery for acute type A aortic dissection from 2005 to 2018 at the Helsinki University Hospital, Finland, were included in this analysis. Late mortality was evaluated with the Kaplan–Meier method and proximal aortic reoperation, i.e. operation on the aortic root or aortic valve, with the competing risk method. Results: Out of 309 patients, 216 underwent supracoronary ascending aortic replacement and 93 had aortic root replacement. At 10 years, mortality was 33.8% after aortic root replacement and 35.2% after ascending aortic replacement (P = 0.806, adjusted hazard ratio 1.25, 95% confidence interval, 0.77–2.02), and the cumulative incidence of proximal aortic reoperation was 6.0% in the aortic root replacement group and 6.2% in the ascending aortic replacement group (P = 0.65; adjusted subdistributional hazard ratio 0.53, 95% confidence interval 0.15–1.89). Among 71 propensity score matched pairs, 10-year survival was 34.4% after aortic root replacement and 36.2% after ascending aortic replacement surgery (P = 0.70). Cumulative incidence of proximal aortic reoperation was 7.0% after aortic root replacement and 13.0% after ascending aortic replacement surgery (P = 0.22). Among 102 patients with complete imaging data [mean follow-up, 4.7 (3.2) years], the estimated growth rate of the aortic root diameter was 0.22 mm/year, that of its area 7.19 mm2/year and that of its perimeter 0.43 mm/year. Conclusions: When stringent selection criteria were used to determine the extent of proximal aortic reconstruction, aortic root replacement and ascending aortic replacement for type A aortic dissection achieved comparable clinical outcomes.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
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6دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Jormalainen, M. (Mikko), Raivio, P. (Peter), Biancari, F. (Fausto), Mustonen, C. (Caius), Honkanen, H.-P. (Hannu-Pekka), Venermo, M. (Maarit), Vento, A. (Antti), Juvonen, T. (Tatu)
مصطلحات موضوعية: aortic dissection, reintervention, reoperation, type A aortic dissection
الوصف: The aim of this study was to evaluate all-cause mortality and aortic reoperations after surgery for Stanford type A aortic dissection (TAAD). We evaluated the late outcome of patients who underwent surgery for acute TAAD from January 2005 to December 2017 at the Helsinki University Hospital, Finland. We studied 309 patients (DeBakey type I TAAD: 89.3%) who underwent repair of TAAD. Aortic root repair was performed in 94 patients (30.4%), hemiarch repair in 264 patients (85.4%) and partial/total aortic arch repair in 32 patients (10.4%). Hospital mortality was 13.6%. At 10 years, all-cause mortality was 34.9%, and the cumulative incidence of aortic reoperation or late aortic-related death was 15.6%, of any aortic reoperation 14.6%, reoperation on the aortic root 6.6%, on the aortic arch, descending thoracic and/or abdominal aorta 8.7%, on the descending thoracic and/or abdominal aorta 6.4%, and on the abdominal aorta 3.8%. At 10 years, cumulative incidence of reoperation on the distal aorta was higher in patients with a diameter of the descending thoracic aorta ≥35 mm at primary surgery (cumulative incidence in the overall series: 13.2% vs. 4.0%, SHR 3.993, 95%CI 1.316–12.120; DeBakey type I aortic dissection: 13.6% vs. 4.5%, SHR 3.610, 95%CI 1.193–10.913; patients with dissected descending thoracic aorta: 15.8% vs. 5.9%, SHR 3.211, 95%CI 1.067–9.664). In conclusion, surgical repair of TAAD limited to the aortic segments involved by the intimal tear was associated with favorable survival and a low rate of aortic reoperations. However, patients with enlarged descending thoracic aorta at primary surgery had higher risk of late reoperation. Half of the distal aortic reinterventions were performed on the abdominal aorta.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
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7
المؤلفون: Mustonen, C. (Caius)
المساهمون: Juvonen, T. (Tatu), Kiviluoma, K. (Kai)
مصطلحات موضوعية: aortan dissekoituma, aortic cannulation, etäinen iskeeminen esialtistus, aortic arch surgery, ischaemic brain injury, remote ischaemic preconditioning, aortic dissection, cardiopulmonary bypass, iskeeminen aivovaurio, aortan kanylaatio, sydän-keuhkokoneet, aortan kaaren kirurgia
الوصف: Acute Stanford Type A Aortic Dissection (ATAAD) is one of the most life-threatening acute pathologies in the human body; without treatment mortality nears 100%. One third of ATAAD patients suffer from cerebral malperfusion, and permanent ischaemic brain injury occurs in approximately 10% of patients. ATAAD is treated with open aortic arch surgery that involves cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and deep or profound (18–24 °C) hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA); they can provide sufficient cerebral protection for up to 20–30 minutes by lowering the glucose and oxygen consumption of the brain. However, additional strategies on cerebral protection are still needed. ATAAD patients often present with shock, cardiac tamponade, malperfusion, or they could be still resuscitated while they are brought to the operation room. The rapid institution of antegrade cerebral blood flow through the CPB circuit is particularly vital for these patients and a new aortic cannulation strategy of direct true lumen cannulation after venous exsanguination (DTLC) was developed accordingly. However, associated normothermic circulatory arrest carries an inherent risk for neurologic sequalae. Our research group has studied the field of cerebral protection in aortic arch surgery extensively for the last 20 years through the use of a porcine model that closely simulates the clinical situation. One of the most promising neuroprotective strategies that has emerged from this research has been remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC), which is based on the notion that applying short ischaemia-reperfusion periods to a skeletal muscle increases ischaemic tolerance in other organs including the brain. Therefore, the present thesis studied whether DTLC with a 5-minute normothermic circulatory arrest was safe in terms of cerebral ischaemia (I), if RIPC would prolong the permissible period of HCA (II), and if it would improve the neurologic outcome combined with moderate hypothermia (III). The first study suggested that DTLC would not impair the neurologic outcome, even with a prolonged cannulation process. The second study proposed that RIPC would prolong the permissible period of HCA to up to nine minutes at 18 °C. The third study suggested that RIPC at 24 °C would provide five additional minutes of permissible HCA as compared to HCA alone at 18 °C. It also proposed that moderate HCA at 24 °C combined with RIPC would provide a superior neurologic outcome as compared to deep HCA alone at 18 °C. Tiivistelmä Tyypin A akuutti aortan dissekoituma (ATAAD) on edelleen yksi ihmiskehon hengenvaarallisimmista akuuteista sairaustiloista. Kolmanneksella potilaista aivojen verenkierto häiriintyy ja noin 10 prosenttia potilaista saa pysyvän aivovaurion joko itse sairaustilasta tai operaatiosta johtuen. ATAAD hoidetaan sydän-keuhkokoneen avulla syvässä (18–24°C) hypotermiassa eli alilämpöisyydessä tapahtuvan verenkierron seisautuksen (HCA) aikana. HCA vähentää sekä aivojen sokeriaineenvaihduntaa että hapen käyttöä, jolloin saadaan aikaa 20–30 minuuttia kirurgiselle toimenpiteelle riippuen lämpötilasta. ATAAD-potilaat ovat usein kriittisessä tilassa saapuessaan leikkaussaliin. Heillä voi olla verenkiertoshokki, verenkierto pääte-elimiin voi olla estynyt, tai heitä voidaan elvyttää. Erityisesti näiden potilaiden kohdalla on tärkeää edetä nopeasti kehonulkoiseen verenkiertoon sydän-keuhkokoneen avulla. Tätä varten kehitettiin uusi nousevan aortan kanylaatiomenetelmä. Potilaan verenkierto pysäytetään valuttamalla veri sydän-keuhkokoneeseen, nouseva aortta avataan ja aorttakanyyli asetetaan aorttaan näkökontrollissa (DTLC). Normaalissa kehon lämpötilassa tapahtuva verenkierron seisautus kuitenkin altistaa nopeasti neurologisille vaurioille. Tutkimusryhmämme on tutkinut aivojen suojaamista aortan kaaren kirurgian aikana jo 20 vuoden ajan kliinisesti merkittävän kokeellisen porsasmallin avulla. Etäinen iskeeminen esialtistus (RIPC) on osoittautunut lupaavaksi aivojen suojausmenetelmäksi. Siinä raajan lihaskudokseen kohdistetaan lyhyitä verenkierron pysäytyksiä ja palautuksia tavallisella verenpainemansetilla, minkä on osoitettu lisäävän aivojen sietokykyä hapenpuutteelta. Tässä väitöskirjassa tutkittiin, onko DTLC-kanylointimenetelmä aivojen kannalta turvallista, jos oletetaan sen kestävän viisi minuuttia (I). Lisäksi tutkimme, pidentääkö RIPC turvallista HCA:n kestoa (II) ja parantaako RIPC maltilliseen (24 °C) hypotermiaan yhdistettynä neurologista toipumista (III). Ensimmäinen tutkimus näytti, että DTLC ei vaikuta huonontavan neurologista lopputulosta. Toisen tutkimuksen perusteella RIPC pidentää turvallista HCA:n kestoa yhdeksällä minuutilla 18 asteen lämpötilassa. Kolmannen tutkimuksen mukaan RIPC pidentää turvallista HCA:n kestoa kymmenellä minuutilla 24 asteen lämpötilassa ja RIPC yhdessä maltillisen hypotermian kanssa parantaa neurologista lopputulosta.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=od______2423::9f18e9f2fad529021a436a9c05143ebeTest
http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526230283Test
