المؤلفون: Militsa Pacheva, Daniel Brugger, Barbara Riond, Matthias Dennler, Peter Hendrik Kook

المصدر: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Vol 38, Iss 3, Pp 1370-1376 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: cat, corticosteroids, pancreatic enzymes, pancreatitis, triglyceride, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100

الوصف: Abstract Background Corticosteroids are among the most commonly used drugs in cats and are increasingly discussed as a treatment for feline pancreatitis. However, its effects on serum lipase in healthy cats remain unknown. Objectives To evaluate the effects of prednisolone on serum lipase activity and pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (PLI) in cats. Animals Seven clinically healthy colony cats, aged 4 to 7 years, with unremarkable CBC/biochemistry panel were studied. Methods Prospective study: Prednisolone (1.1‐1.5 mg/kg, median 1.28 mg/kg PO) was given daily for 7 consecutive days. Lipase activity (LIPC Roche; RI, 8‐26 U/L) and PLI (Spec fPL; RI, 0‐3.5 μg/L) were determined at day 1 before first treatment and at days 2, 3, 8, 10, and 14. Cats were examined daily. An a priori power analysis indicated that 6 cats were needed to find a biological relevant effect at 1‐β = 0.8. Statistical analyses comprised the Friedman test, random intercept regression, and repeated‐measures linear regression. Results Median (range) day 1 lipase activities and PLI were 22 U/L (14‐52 U/L) and 3.2 μg/L (2.3‐15.7 μg/L). One cat with abnormally high lipase activity (52 U/L) and PLI (15.7 μg/L) at day 1 continued having elevated lipase activities and PLI throughout the study. Lipase activities and PLI concentrations did not differ significantly among time points regardless of whether the cat with elevated values was included or not. All cats remained healthy throughout the study. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Administration of prednisolone in anti‐inflammatory doses does not significantly increase serum lipase activity and PLI concentration.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/0891-6640Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1939-1676Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/ff32610744e64c7694747183bf108d1cTest

المؤلفون: Katrin M. Beckmann, Adriano Wang-Leandro, Frank Steffen, Henning Richter, Matthias Dennler, Rima Bektas, Ines Carrera, Sven Haller

المصدر: Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Vol 10 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: TBSS, white matter integrity, seizures, Border Collie, Greater Swiss Mountain dog, MRI, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100

الوصف: IntroductionThe understanding of epileptic seizure pathogenesis has evolved over time, and it is now generally accepted that not only are cortical and subcortical areas involved but also the connection of these regions in the white matter (WM). Recent human neuroimaging studies confirmed the involvement of the WM in several epilepsy syndromes. Neuroimaging studies investigating WM integrity with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in canine idiopathic epilepsy are lacking. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that WM diffusion changes can be found in dogs affected by idiopathic epilepsy.MethodTwenty-six dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (15 Border Collies and 11 Greater Swiss Mountain dogs) and 24 healthy controls (11 Beagle dogs, 5 Border Collies, and 8 Greater Swiss Mountain dogs) were prospectively enrolled. Most dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (17/26) were enrolled within 3 months after seizure onset. Diffusion tensor imaging of the brain with 32 diffusion directions (low b value = 0 s/mm2; maximal b value = 800 s/mm2) was performed in a 3 Tesla scanner. Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS), a voxel-based approach, was used to investigate changes in fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) in the idiopathic epilepsy group compared to the healthy control group. Additionally, FA and MD were investigated in the region of corpus callosum and cingulate white matter in both groups.ResultsWe observed subtle changes in WM DTI between the idiopathic epilepsy group and the healthy control group limited to cingulate WM, with a significantly lower FA in the idiopathic epilepsy group compared to the healthy control group in the region of interest (ROI) approach (p = 0.027). No significant changes were found between the idiopathic epilepsy group and the healthy control group in the TBSS analysis and in the corpus callosum in the ROI approach.ConclusionThis study supports the cingulate area as a target structure in canine epilepsy. The subtle changes only might be explained by the short duration of epilepsy, small sample sizes, and the higher variability in canine brain anatomy. Furthermore, all included dogs showed generalized tonic-clonic seizures, possibly affected by generalized epilepsy syndrome, which are also associated with less pronounced DTI changes in humans than focal epilepsy syndromes.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2023.1325521/fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2297-1769Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/26bb9a04012f457f801a031737850a15Test

المؤلفون: Mirja Christine Nolff, Renate Dennler, Matthias Dennler

المصدر: Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Vol 10 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: functional neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor, pancreatic lymph node mapping, sentinel node mapping, staging malignant melanoma, lymphadenectomy, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100

الوصف: Malignant insulinoma is the most common type of neuroendocrine tumor found in the pancreas of dogs. Canine insulinoma displays malignant behavior with a high rate of metastasis. The most common sites of metastases are the draining lymph nodes, which are also the primary location sites for the recurrence of functional disease. However, identifying metastatic nodes can often be complicated, as the pancreas is drained by numerous lymphatic centers, and clinical enlargement or structural changes may not always be present in metastatic nodes. Additionally, unaltered nodes are frequently small (a few millimeters) and can be hard to distinguish from the surrounding tissues. Therefore, lymphadenectomy is generally recommended for affected dogs. Unlike in human medicine, there are currently no established strategies for lymph node resection in dogs with malignant insulinoma. This report presents a technique for identifying and removing sentinel nodes using indocyanine green and near-infrared lymphography (NIRFL) during surgery. A total of six sentinel nodes were detected and resected with this method. This technique could provide a more structured approach for lymph node resection in affected dogs and potentially in humans in the future. However, its therapeutic benefits must be evaluated in a larger cohort of cases.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2023.1178454/fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2297-1769Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/5b40784e38d04524b22fc9f412a9fdc4Test

المؤلفون: Katrin M. Beckmann, Adriano Wang-Leandro, Henning Richter, Rima N. Bektas, Frank Steffen, Matthias Dennler, Ines Carrera, Sven Haller

المصدر: Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine, Science

الوصف: Abstract Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic, neurological diseases in humans and dogs and considered to be a network disease. In human epilepsy altered functional connectivity in different large-scale networks have been identified with functional resting state magnetic resonance imaging. Since large-scale resting state networks have been consistently identified in anesthetised dogs’ application of this technique became promising in canine epilepsy research. The aim of the present study was to investigate differences in large-scale resting state networks in epileptic dogs compared to healthy controls. Our hypothesis was, that large-scale networks differ between epileptic dogs and healthy control dogs. A group of 17 dogs (Border Collies and Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs) with idiopathic epilepsy was compared to 20 healthy control dogs under a standardized sevoflurane anaesthesia protocol. Group level independent component analysis with dimensionality of 20 components, dual regression and two-sample t test were performed and revealed significantly increased functional connectivity in the anterior default mode network of idiopathic epileptic dogs compared to healthy control dogs (p = 0.00060). This group level differences between epileptic dogs and healthy control dogs identified using a rather simple data driven approach could serve as a starting point for more advanced resting state network analysis in epileptic dogs.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/4c78265f9f3e4fc3bae8c453cf20d621Test

المؤلفون: Muriel A. Christen, Daniela Schweizer‐Gorgas, Henning Richter, Fabiola B. Joerger, Matthias Dennler

المصدر: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Vol 35, Iss 1, Pp 333-340 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: baseline, canine, flow velocity, MRI, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100

الوصف: Abstract Background Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow in disease has been investigated with two‐dimensional (2D) phase‐contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC‐MRI) in humans. Despite similar diseases occurring in dogs, PC‐MRI is not routinely performed and CSF flow and its association with diseases is poorly understood. Objectives To adapt 2D and four‐dimensional (4D) PC‐MRI to dogs and to apply them in a group of neurologically healthy dogs. Animals Six adult Beagle dogs of a research colony. Methods Prospective, experimental study. Sequences were first optimized on a phantom mimicking small CSF spaces and low velocity flow. Then, 4D PC‐MRI and 2D PC‐MRI at the level of the mesencephalic aqueduct, foramen magnum (FM), and cervical spine were performed. Results CSF displayed a bidirectional flow pattern on 2D PC‐MRI at each location. Mean peak velocity (and range) in cm/s was 0.92 (0.51‐2.08) within the mesencephalic aqueduct, 1.84 (0.89‐2.73) and 1.17 (0.75‐1.8) in the ventral and dorsal subarachnoid space (SAS) at the FM, and 2.03 (range 1.1‐3.0) and 1.27 (range 0.96‐1.82) within the ventral and dorsal SAS of the cervical spine. With 4D PC‐MRI, flow velocities of >3 cm/s were visualized in the phantom, but no flow data were obtained in dogs. Conclusion Peak flow velocities were measured with 2D PC‐MRI at all 3 locations and slower velocities were recorded in healthy Beagle dogs compared to humans. These values serve as baseline for future applications. The current technical settings did not allow measurement of CSF flow in Beagle dogs by 4D PC‐MRI.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/0891-6640Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1939-1676Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/78e7f43fdd034b6d83e2610eb68004e6Test

المؤلفون: Nadja Wolfer, Adriano Wang-Leandro, Katrin M. Beckmann, Henning Richter, Matthias Dennler

المصدر: Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Vol 8 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: MRI, SWI, calcification, CT, canine, feline, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100

الوصف: Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), an MRI sequence for the detection of hemorrhage, allows differentiation of paramagnetic and diamagnetic substances based on tissue magnetic susceptibility differences. The three aims of this retrospective study included a comparison of the number of areas of signal void (ASV) between SWI and T2*-weighted imaging (T2*WI), differentiation of hemorrhage and calcification, and investigation of image deterioration by artifacts. Two hundred twelve brain MRIs, 160 dogs and 52 cats, were included. The sequences were randomized and evaluated for presence/absence and numbers of ASV and extent of artifacts causing image deterioration by a single, blinded observer. In cases with a CT scan differentiation of paramagnetic (hemorrhagic) and diamagnetic (calcification) lesions was made, SWI was performed to test correct assignment using the Hounsfield Units. Non-parametric tests were performed to compare both sequences regarding detection of ASV and the effect of artifacts on image quality. The presence of ASV was found in 37 SWI sequences and 34 T2*WI sequences with a significant increase in ASV only in dogs >5 and ≤ 15 kg in SWI. The remaining weight categories showed no significance. CT examination was available in 11 cases in which 81 ASV were found. With the use of phase images, 77 were classified as paramagnetic and none as diamagnetic. A classification was not possible in four cases. At the level of the frontal sinus, significantly more severe artifacts occurred in cats and dogs (dogs, p < 0.001; cats, p = 0.001) in SWI. The frontal sinus artifact was significantly less severe in brachycephalic than non-brachycephalic dogs in both sequences (SWI, p < 0.001; T2*WI, p < 0.001). In conclusion, with the advantages of better detection of ASV in SWI compared with T2*WI and the opportunity to differentiate between paramagnetic and diamagnetic origin in most cases, SWI is generally recommended for dogs. Frontal sinus conformation appears to be a limiting factor in image interpretation.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.779515/fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2297-1769Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/6046abcb48ff46a1aa3b1894064bdbf1Test

المؤلفون: Laura Moretto, Robert Herzig, Katrin Beckmann, Nadja Wolfer, Matthias Dennler, Tony M Glaus

المصدر: Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports, Vol 7 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100

الوصف: Case summary This report describes the appearance of facial nerve paralysis in a 16-year-old hypertensive cat. MRI was helpful in visualising and characterising mesencephalic and facial nerve lesions thought to be induced by hypertension. Neurological signs rapidly resolved under antihypertensive therapy. Relevance and novel information Systemic hypertension is an important medical condition in geriatric cats causing damage in various target organs, including the brain. Hypertensive encephalopathy is an umbrella term for a multitude of different clinical manifestations of cerebral target organ damage. Facial nerve paralysis secondary to hypertension is recognised in human medicine, particularly in children, but so far has not been reported in veterinary medicine.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2055-1169Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/1641f272817b4a7aa7ddaf6ba5fbe243Test

المؤلفون: Neringa Alisauskaite, Katrin Beckmann, Matthias Dennler, Niklaus Zölch

المصدر: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Vol 34, Iss 4, Pp 1594-1598 (2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: canine Lafora diesease, cerebral, genetic disease, metabolic brain disease, myoclonus epilepsy, neurology, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100

الوصف: Abstract Cortical atrophy has been identified using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in humans and dogs with Lafora disease (LD). In humans, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HMRS) of the brain indicates decreased N‐acetyl‐aspartate (NAA) relative to other brain metabolites. Brain 1HMRS findings in dogs with LD are lacking. A 6‐year‐old female Beagle was presented with a history of a single generalized tonic‐clonic seizure and episodic reflex myoclonus. Clinical, hematological, and neurological examination findings and 3‐Tesla MRI of the brain were unremarkable. Brain 1HMRS with voxel positioning in the thalamus was performed in the affected Beagle. It identified decreased amounts of NAA, glutamate‐glutamine complex, and increased total choline and phosphoethanolamine relative to water and total creatine compared with the reference range in healthy control Beagles. A subsequent genetic test confirmed LD. Abnormalities in 1HMRS despite lack of changes with conventional MRI were identified in a dog with LD.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/0891-6640Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1939-1676Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/74d1446e6aac45b9b932b22b93d5adedTest

المؤلفون: Neringa Alisauskaite, Adriano Wang‐Leandro, Matthias Dennler, Marta Kantyka, Simone K. Ringer, Frank Steffen, Katrin Beckmann

المصدر: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Vol 33, Iss 4, Pp 1759-1765 (2019)

مصطلحات موضوعية: arterial spin labeling, brain perfusion, cerebral hypoxia, polioencephalomalacia, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100

الوصف: Abstract Cerebral cortical laminar necrosis (CLN) is a consequence of severe hypoxic, ischemic, or hypoglycemic events. In humans, these cortical lesions show characteristic linear T1‐weighted (T1W) hyperintensity in the late subacute stage. Limited information reporting magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in dogs affected by CLN is available. A 3‐year‐old Belgian Shepherd dog was referred 8 days after sudden onset of blindness after general anesthesia. Neurological examination showed central blindness and mild ataxia. Three‐Tesla MRI examination of the brain revealed bilateral asymmetrical areas of T2‐weighted hyperintensity within the occipital, parietal, temporal, and frontal cortex, involving gray and white matter. Furthermore, linear T1W‐hyperintense lesions were found in the cerebral cortex of the same areas and showed heterogeneous contrast enhancement. Perfusion‐weighted images revealed hyperperfusion in the affected regions. Lesions were compatible with subacute CLN with corresponding edema suspected to be secondary to anesthesia‐related brain hypoxia. Three‐Tesla MRI enabled identification of the laminar pattern of the cortical lesions.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/0891-6640Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1939-1676Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/8c169927ce0b4cca84853789765a2f78Test

المؤلفون: Sophie Peterhans, Patricia Landolt, Ute Friedel, Francisca Oberhänsli, Matthias Dennler, Barbara Willi, Mirjam Senn, Sandro Hinden, Karin Kull, Anja Kipar, Roger Stephan, Giovanni Ghielmetti

المصدر: Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Vol 7 (2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Mycobacterium microti, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, vole bacillus, pyogranulomatous lymphadentitis, nontuberculous mycobacteria, interferon-gamma assay, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100

الوصف: Public interest in animal tuberculosis is mainly focused on prevention and eradication of bovine tuberculosis in cattle and wildlife. In cattle, immunodiagnostic tests such as the tuberculin skin test or the interferon gamma (IFN-γ) assay have been established and are commercially available. Feline tuberculosis is rather unknown, and the available diagnostic tools are limited. However, infections with Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex members need to be considered an aetiological differential diagnosis in cats with granulomatous lymphadenopathy or skin nodules and, due to the zoonotic potential, a time-efficient and accurate diagnostic approach is required. The present study describes 11 independent cases of Mycobacterium microti infection in domestic cats in Switzerland. For three cases, clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging, bacteriological results, immunodiagnostic testing, and pathological features are reported. An adapted feline IFN-γ release assay was successfully applied in two cases and appears to be a promising tool for the ante mortem diagnosis of tuberculosis in cats. Direct contact with M. microti reservoir hosts was suspected to be the origin of infection in all three cases. However, there was no evidence of M. microti infection in 346 trapped wild mice from a presumptive endemic region. Therefore, the source and modalities of infection in cats in Switzerland remain to be further elucidated.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2020.590037/fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2297-1769Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/73cf7520891e4cf487b5835f74ab4473Test