المؤلفون: Matthew J.L. Hare, Federica Barzi, Jacqueline A. Boyle, Steven Guthridge, Roland F. Dyck, Elizabeth L.M. Barr, Gurmeet Singh, Henrik Falhammar, Vanya Webster, Jonathan E. Shaw, Louise J. Maple-Brown

المصدر: The Lancet Regional Health. Western Pacific, Vol 1, Iss , Pp 100005- (2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270

الوصف: Background: Early-life risk factors, including maternal hyperglycaemia and birthweight, are thought to contribute to the high burden of cardiometabolic disease experienced by Indigenous populations. We examined rates of pre-existing diabetes in pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and extremes of birthweight over three decades in the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of the NT Perinatal Data Collection from 1987 to 2016, including all births >20 weeks gestation, stratified by maternal Aboriginal identification. Key outcomes were annual rates of pre-existing diabetes, GDM, small-for-gestational-age, large-for-gestational-age, low birthweight (4000 g). Logistic regression was used to assess trends and interactions. Findings: 109 349 babies were born to 64 877 mothers, 36% of whom identified as Aboriginal ethnicity. Among Aboriginal women, rates of GDM and pre-existing diabetes, respectively, were 3 · 4% and 0 · 6% in 1987 and rose to 13% and 5 · 7% in 2016 (both trends p

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666606520300055Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2666-6065Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/6f17cc2df8ca43e28a2db70582a62b84Test

المؤلفون: Leon A. Bach, Matthew J. Y. Kang, Jessica M. Deitch, Matthew J.L. Hare

المصدر: Internal Medicine Journal. 51:1292-1297

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Diabetes Complication, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Type 1 diabetes, endocrine system diseases, Diabetic ketoacidosis, business.industry, nutritional and metabolic diseases, medicine.disease, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Cohort Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes mellitus, Cohort, Prevalence, Internal Medicine, medicine, History of depression, Humans, business, Psychosocial, Depression (differential diagnoses), Retrospective Studies

الوصف: Background Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a potentially life-threatening but often preventable acute complication of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Understanding clinical and psychosocial characteristics of people with DKA, particularly those with multiple presentations, may aid the development of prevention strategies. Aims To describe clinical, psychological and demographic factors in adults with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and particularly those factors associated with recurrent admissions. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed of all admissions with DKA in people with T1D over a 4-year period from 1st November 2013 to 31st October 2017 at a metropolitan tertiary hospital in Australia. Potential cases were identified by ICD-10 coding data. Data were then manually extracted by clinicians from the electronic medical record. Results There were 154 clinician-adjudicated admissions for DKA among 128 people with T1D. Of these, 16 (13%) had multiple DKA admissions. Forty-one (32%) had a history of depression. The most common factors contributing to presentation included insulin omission (54%), infection (31%), alcohol excess (26%) and new diabetes diagnosis (16%). Compared to people with single admissions, those with recurrent DKA were more likely to smoke (69% vs 27%, p = 0.003), be unemployed (31% vs 11%, p = 0.04) and use illicit substances (44% vs 17%, p = 0.02). Conclusions There is a high prevalence of psychiatric illness, illicit substance use and social disadvantage among people admitted with DKA, particularly those with recurrent presentations. Insulin omission, often due to inappropriate sick day management, was the most common reason for DKA occurrence. Innovative multidisciplinary models of care are required to address these challenges. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::f9be8e8e792d734d4b240641aef64c8dTest
https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.14877Test

المؤلفون: Louise Maple-Brown, Aakansha Zala, Jonathan E. Shaw, Matthew J.L. Hare

المصدر: Australian journal of general practice. 50(4)

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Symporters, business.industry, Sodium, MEDLINE, Type 2 diabetes, Disease, medicine.disease, Blood pressure, Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Clinical efficacy, Family Practice, Intensive care medicine, business, Adverse effect, Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors, Kidney disease

الوصف: Background The burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its associated complications continues to grow in Australia. In recent years, sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have become a key component of diabetes care with rapid uptake into routine clinical practice. There is growing evidence of their clinical efficacy, but also potential adverse effects. Objective The aim of this article is to review the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in T2D by exploring data surrounding clinical efficacy and safety as well as providing practical advice for prescribing clinicians. Discussion SGLT2 inhibitors have multiple metabolic benefits including reducing glycated haemoglobin, weight and blood pressure. Additionally, there are strong cardiovascular benefits and renoprotective effects in selected populations. Current evidence suggests that SGLT2 inhibitors should be considered for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease and to delay progression of early chronic kidney disease in people with T2D. Clinicians should also be aware of common side effects and potential rare severe complications.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::6774a9ee63087bf07ba7e6324e19886cTest
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33786548Test

المؤلفون: Gráinne H. Long, Simon J. Griffin, Greg Irving, Clare E. Boothby, Jean Strelitz, Matthew J.L. Hare, Amy L Ahern, Nicholas J. Wareham

المساهمون: Strelitz, Jean [0000-0003-4051-6944], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

المصدر: Diabetologia

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, 0301 basic medicine, Weight loss, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, Denmark, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Type 2 diabetes, Weight Gain, Article, Diabetes Complications, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Pragmatic Clinical Trials as Topic, Internal Medicine, medicine, Cluster Analysis, Humans, Netherlands, Proportional Hazards Models, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), Diabetes, Body Weight, Remission Induction, Weight change, Cardiovascular disease, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Observational Studies as Topic, Treatment Outcome, 030104 developmental biology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, England, Social Class, Cardiovascular Diseases, Regression Analysis, medicine.symptom, business, Weight gain, Follow-Up Studies, Cohort study

الوصف: Aims/hypothesis Adults with type 2 diabetes are at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). Evidence of the impact of weight loss on incidence of CVD events among adults with diabetes is sparse and conflicting. We assessed weight change in the year following diabetes diagnosis and estimated associations with 10 year incidence of CVD events and all-cause mortality. Methods In a cohort analysis among 725 adults with screen-detected diabetes enrolled in the Anglo–Danish–Dutch Study of Intensive Treatment in People with Screen-Detected Diabetes in Primary Care (ADDITION)–Cambridge trial, we estimated HRs for weight change in the year following diabetes diagnosis and 10 year incidence of CVD (n = 99) and all-cause mortality (n = 95) using Cox proportional hazards regression. We used linear regression to estimate associations between weight loss and CVD risk factors. Models were adjusted for age, sex, baseline BMI, smoking, occupational socioeconomic status, cardio-protective medication use and treatment group. Results Loss of ≥5% body weight in the year following diabetes diagnosis was associated with improvements in HbA1c and blood lipids and a lower hazard of CVD at 10 years compared with maintaining weight (HR 0.52 [95% CI 0.32, 0.86]). The associations between weight gain vs weight maintenance and CVD (HR 0.41 [95% CI 0.15, 1.11]) and mortality (HR 1.63 [95% CI 0.83, 3.19]) were less clear. Conclusions/interpretation Among adults with screen-detected diabetes, loss of ≥5% body weight during the year after diagnosis was associated with a lower hazard of CVD events compared with maintaining weight. These results support the hypothesis that moderate weight loss may yield substantial long-term CVD reduction, and may be an achievable target outside of specialist-led behavioural treatment programmes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00125-019-4886-1) contains peer-reviewed but unedited supplementary material, which is available to authorised users.

وصف الملف: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::70c1cc7723f1dc6a06fb5c5073682050Test
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-019-4886-1Test

المؤلفون: Jennifer Wong, P. S. Hamblin, Debra Renouf, Alicia R Jones, Rosemary Wong, Dilan Seneviratne Epa, Brendan J Nolan, Mark A. Kotowicz, Genevieve L Calder, Elif I Ekinci, Nicole Lafontaine, Sylvia Xu, Mervyn Kyi, Sonali Shah, Rinky Giri, Elizabeth George, Suresh Varadarajan, Richard J MacIsaac, David N O'Neal, Matthew J.L. Hare, Spiros Fourlanos, Leon A. Bach

المصدر: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 104:3077-3087

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, Diabetic ketoacidosis, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Clinical Biochemistry, Population, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Context (language use), Type 2 diabetes, Biochemistry, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, education, Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Biochemistry (medical), nutritional and metabolic diseases, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Hospitalization, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, business, Cohort study

الوصف: CONTEXT: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has been associated with the use of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is). OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence, characteristics, and outcomes of DKA in SGLT2i users vs nonusers with type 2 diabetes. DESIGN: Retrospective, multicenter, controlled cohort study. SETTING: All public hospitals in Melbourne and Geelong (combined population of 5 million), Australia, from 1 September 2015 to 31 October 2017. PATIENTS: Consecutive cases of DKA that developed in the community, or during the course of hospital admission, in patients with type 2 diabetes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: In SGLT2i users vs nonusers: (i) OR of DKA developing during hospital admission, and (ii) incidence of DKA. RESULTS: There were 162 cases of DKA (37 SGLT2i users and 125 non-SGLT2i users) with a physician-adjudicated diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Of these, DKA developed during the course of inpatient admission in 14 (38%) SGLT2i users vs 2 (2%) non-SGLT2i users (OR, 37.4; 95% CI, 8.0 to 175.9; P < 0.0001). The incidence of DKA was 1.02 per 1000 (95% CI, 0.74 to 1.41 per 1000) in SGLT2i users vs 0.69 per 1000 (95% CI, 0.58 to 0.82 per 1000) in non-SGLT2i users (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.15; P = 0.037). Fifteen SGLT2i users (41%) had peak blood glucose

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::468dbd8d95d3e909ba70db90a4b2bf23Test
https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2019-00139Test

المؤلفون: Federica Barzi, Joanna Kelaart, Elizabeth Moore, Anna Wood, Elizabeth L M Barr, Sian Graham, Zhong X. Lu, Jeremy Oats, Alex Brown, Marie Kirkwood, Harold David McIntyre, Elizabeth Death, Matthew J.L. Hare, Christine Connors, Louise J. Maple-Brown, Jacqueline Boyle, Danielle K. Longmore, Paul Zimmet, Jonathan E. Shaw, Kerin O'Dea, Angela Titmuss

المساهمون: Wood, Anna J, Boyle, Jacqueline A, Barr, Elizabeth LM, Barzi, Federica, O'Dea, Kerin, Maple-Brown, Louise J

المصدر: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 181:109092

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Pregnancy in Diabetics, Type 2 diabetes, Prediabetic State, Endocrinology, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Cumulative incidence, Prospective Studies, Prediabetes, Aged, Indigenous health, Obstetrics, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Postpartum Period, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Gestational diabetes, Diabetes, Gestational, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, gestational diabetes, business, Body mass index, diabetes in pregnancy

الوصف: Aims: To determine among First Nations and Europid pregnant women the cumulative incidence and predictors of postpartum type 2 diabetes and prediabetes and describe postpartum cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk profiles. Methods: PANDORA is a prospective longitudinal cohort of women recruited in pregnancy. Ethnic-specific rates of postpartum type 2 diabetes and prediabetes were reported for women with diabetes in pregnancy (DIP), gestational diabetes (GDM) or normoglycaemia in pregnancy over a short follow-up of 2.5 years (n = 325). Pregnancy characteristics and CVD risk profiles according to glycaemic status, and factors associated with postpartum diabetes/prediabetes were examined in First Nations women. Results: The cumulative incidence of postpartum type 2 diabetes among women with DIP or GDM were higher for First Nations women (48%, 13/27, women with DIP, 13%, 11/82, GDM), compared to Europid women (nil DIP or GDM p < 0.001). Characteristics associated with type 2 diabetes/prediabetes among First Nations women with GDM/DIP included, older age, multiparity, family history of diabetes, higher glucose values, insulin use and body mass index (BMI). Conclusions: First Nations women experience a high incidence of postpartum type 2 diabetes after GDM/DIP, highlighting the need for culturally responsive policies at an individual and systems level, to prevent diabetes and its complications. Refereed/Peer-reviewed

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::64144ee3595b355960521f39f003fa15Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109092Test

المؤلفون: Leon A. Bach, Matthew J.L. Hare, Phong Ching Lee

المصدر: Internal Medicine Journal. 48:762-769

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Cardiovascular safety, business.industry, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Treatment options, Incretin, Type 2 diabetes, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, medicine.disease, Diabetes Therapy, Metformin, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Adverse effect, Intensive care medicine, business, medicine.drug

الوصف: Over the past decade, several new medications have been developed to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. Large-scale outcome trials have been performed with patients at high cardiovascular risk to assess the cardiovascular safety of these agents. These trials are changing the landscape of diabetes therapy with evidence beyond safety to cardiovascular benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and some glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. This review provides an overview of incretin-based therapies and SGLT-2 inhibitors with a particular focus on the results of published cardiovascular outcome trials, which have also provided unique opportunities to evaluate uncommon but potentially serious adverse events of these newer agents. The cardiovascular benefits of SGLT-2 inhibitors and some glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists suggest that they may be the preferred choice, usually as an add-on to metformin, for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at high cardiovascular risk.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::ca6b38de9afc2db220bc15ce1976e4adTest
https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.13947Test

المؤلفون: Alan Pham, Sarah Y. Qian, Duncan J. Topliss, Matthew J.L. Hare

المصدر: Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2018)
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports

مصطلحات موضوعية: Endoscopic ultrasound, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Nissen fundoplication, lcsh:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal Medicine, Medicine, Insulinoma, lcsh:RC648-665, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Magnetic resonance imaging, Unique/Unexpected Symptoms or Presentations of a Disease, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Positron emission tomography, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Pancreatectomy, Dumping syndrome, Radiology, business, Pancreas, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists

الوصف: Summary Insulinomas are rare neuroendocrine tumours that classically present with fasting hypoglycaemia. This case report discusses an uncommon and challenging case of insulinoma soon after upper gastrointestinal surgery. A 63-year-old man presented with 6 months of post-prandial hypoglycaemia beginning after a laparoscopic revision of Toupet fundoplication. Hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia was confirmed during a spontaneous episode and in a mixed-meal test. Localisation studies including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and gallium dotatate positron emission tomography (68Ga Dotatate PET) were consistent with a small insulinoma in the mid-body of the pancreas. The lesion was excised and histopathology was confirmed a localised well-differentiated neuroendocrine pancreatic neoplasm. There have been no significant episodes of hypoglycaemia since. This case highlights several key points. Insulinoma should be sought in proven post-prandial hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia – even in the absence of fasting hypoglycaemia. The use of nuclear imaging targeting somatostatin and GLP1 receptors has improved accuracy of localisation. Despite these advances, accurate surgical resection can remain challenging. Learning points: Hypoglycaemia is defined by Whipple’s triad and can be provoked by fasting or mixed-meal tests. Although uncommon, insulinomas can present with post-prandial hypoglycaemia. In hypoglycaemia following gastrointestinal surgery (i.e. bariatric surgery or less commonly Nissen fundoplication) dumping syndrome or non-insulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycaemia syndrome (NIPHS) should be considered. Improved imaging techniques including MRI, endoscopic ultrasound and functional nuclear medicine scans aid localisation of insulinomas. Despite advances in imaging and surgical techniques, accurate resection of insulinomas remains challenging.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::d0ba346088ee96f751df0e4ad1b482ecTest
https://www.edmcasereports.com/articles/endocrinology-diabetes-and-metabolism-case-reports/10.1530/EDM-17-0131Test

المؤلفون: Matthew J.L. Hare, Jonathan E. Shaw

المصدر: Medical Journal of Australia. 211:452-453

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Diabetes mellitus, Medicine, General Medicine, business, Intensive care medicine, medicine.disease

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::ba037e6b51fb316f9365f362de13811bTest
https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.50391Test

المؤلفون: Matthew J.L. Hare, Jonathan E. Shaw

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Disease risk, medicine, medicine.disease, business

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::cf0b87e00e1e079e2051512fc3a2991fTest
https://doi.org/10.1159/000486261Test